Developmental Dynamics最新文献

{"title":"Streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia in the axolotl","authors":"Pernille Lajer Sørensen,&nbsp;Anita Dittrich,&nbsp;Henrik Lauridsen","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes is a group of diseases characterized by loss of β cell mass and/or function, resulting in hyperglycemia. With no established curative treatment, this has initiated research in β cell regeneration. Current animal models have either limited regenerative capacity (mice) or small size and evolutionary distance from humans (zebrafish). There is a need for new models to study endogenous regeneration pathways. This study proposes the axolotl salamander (<i>Ambystoma mexicanum</i>) as a model for studying the regeneration of β cells and aims to establish a protocol for STZ-induced hyperglycemia to mimic a diabetic state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this pilot study, five streptozotocin (STZ) protocols were tested, and the most effective one was identified on the basis of glucose tolerance tests. Blood glucose levels were monitored to track both disease progression and remission. Histological examination of the pancreas and systemic effects of STZ treatment were also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Induction of a diabetes-like state (hyperglycemia) in axolotls was possible with STZ, but variability among animals suggests the need for a higher degree of normalization or larger sample sizes. Histological regeneration was not observed, though blood glucose levels normalized over time. Some STZ-treated animals developed edema, but its cause remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"567-584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combinatorial expression of glial transcription factors induces Schwann cell-specific gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts","authors":"Lauren Belfiore,&nbsp;Anjali Balakrishnan,&nbsp;Yacine Touahri,&nbsp;Dawn Zinyk,&nbsp;Humna Noman,&nbsp;Satoshi Okawa,&nbsp;Jeff Biernaskie,&nbsp;Carol Schuurmans","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Schwann cells provide peripheral nerve trophic support, myelinate axons, and assist in repair. However, Schwann cell repair capacity is limited by chronic injury, disease, and aging. Schwann cell reprogramming is a cellular conversion strategy that could provide a renewable cell supply to repair injured nerves. Here, we developed a plasmid-based approach to test the Schwann cell conversion potential of four glial transcription factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We employed four transcription factors implicated in Schwann cell differentiation and repair: Sox10, Sox2, Jun, and Pax3. Expression vectors were generated for Sox10 alone and two triple transcription factor combinations: Jun-Pax3-Sox2 (triple 1, T1) and Sox10-Jun-Sox2 (triple 2, T2). Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were transfected with these vectors, transferred to glial inductive media, and Schwann cell-marker expression was in assessed by immunostaining, flow cytometry, and qPCR. All expression vectors repressed fibroblast-specific gene expression. However, T2 was most efficient at generating O4⁺ Schwann cell-like cells, which had some capacity to myelinate denervated axons from explanted dorsal root ganglia. In comparison, T1 more efficiently induced repair Schwann cell-marker expression in converted O4⁺ cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T1 and T2 convert MEFs to Schwann cells with different efficacies and gene expression profiles, and may provide cell-based therapies for peripheral nerve repair.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"548-566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial highlights","authors":"Paul A. Trainor","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.70160","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in &lt;i&gt;Developmental Dynamics&lt;/i&gt; that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Meet the Editorial Team&lt;/b&gt; “An interview with Paul A. Trainor, Editor-in-Chief, Developmental Dynamics, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO USA” by Paul Trevorrow.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Dr. Trainor's research is dedicated to uncovering the genetic, molecular, cellular and developmental programs that lead to rare congenital disorders. His team focuses primarily on neural crest cells, a migratory progenitor cell population that contributes to nearly every organ system throughout the body. Disruptions in global molecular processes such as ribosome biogenesis and DNA damage, and perturbations of neural crest development can result in craniofacial anomalies, cardiac defects, and gastrointestinal disorders. Dr. Trainor's research has significantly advanced our understanding of how complex structures, such as the head and face and gastrointestinal tract form—and what happens when these processes go awry in conditions such as Treacher Collins Syndrome, Acrofacial Dysostosis-Cincinnati Type, and Hirschsprung disease. Bridging the gap between foundational and clinical science can enhance the treatment of congenital anomalies and facilitate improved genetic counseling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cerebrospinal Fluid and Brain Development&lt;/b&gt; “Embryonic cerebrospinal fluid pressure in fetal mice in utero: External factors pressurize the intraventricular space” by Koichiro Tsujikawa, Reina Muramatsu, and Takaki Miyata.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; During development, the brain ventricles fill with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and maintaining fluid pressure is important for brain development as loss of intraventricular CSF pressure (PCSF) can result in an abnormal brain morphology and ventricular collapse. How PCSF is established and whether it varies in a stage-dependent or species-specific manner is unclear. Using a Landis water manometer, the authors measured PCSF from embryonic (E)10-18 and discovered PCSF gradually increases with developmental age. Furthermore, PCSF is influenced by external factors, most significantly by intraamniotic pressure and less so by brain-confining tissues. This work sets the stage for exploring whether PCSF influences proliferation and/or differentiation through mechanosensory proteins and mechanochemical coupling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Transdifferentiation of Fibroblasts to Schwann Cells&lt;/b&gt; “Combinatorial expression of glial transcription factors induces Schwann cell-specific gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts” by Lauren Belfiore, Anjali Balakrishnan, Yacine Touahri, Dawn Zinyk, Humna Noman","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"528-529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonic cerebrospinal fluid pressure in fetal mice in utero: External factors pressurize the intraventricular space","authors":"Koichiro Tsujikawa,&nbsp;Reina Muramatsu,&nbsp;Takaki Miyata","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous experiments inducing leakage of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggest the necessity of intraventricular CSF pressure (<i>P</i>_CSF) for brain morphogenesis. Nevertheless, how embryonic <i>P</i>_CSF occurs is unclear, especially <i>in utero</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a Landis water manometer, we measured <i>P</i>_CSF in fetal mice isolated from the amniotic cavity (<i>P</i>_CSF-ISO) and found that <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO rose from 20 Pa at embryonic day (E) 10 to 100–110 Pa at E14–16. At E13, intraventricular injections of ≥3 μL of saline elevated <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO by ~30%, whereas those of inhibitors of CSF secretion decreased <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO by ~30%. Shh-mediated cerebral wall expansion did not significantly increase <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO. Removal of the brain-surrounding contractile tissues decreased <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO by 80%–90%. We then found that the intraamniotic pressure measured <i>in utero</i> (<i>P</i>_AF-IU) declined from 2000 Pa at E10 to 500 Pa at E15–18 but was always much greater than <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO. Direct measurement of <i>P</i>_CSF <i>in utero</i> (<i>P</i>_CSF-IU) at E13 and E15 coupled with the measurement of <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO under hydrostatic pressure loading to mimic <i>P</i>_AF-IU at various embryonic ages revealed the following relationship: <i>P</i>_CSF-IU = <i>P</i>_CSF-ISO + <i>P</i>_AF-IU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The <i>P</i>_CSF of mice <i>in utero</i> is influenced by external factors, most strongly by intraamniotic pressure and less strongly by brain-confining tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"533-547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary development in Squamata: Insights from embryonic studies using micro-CT","authors":"Barbara G. Champini,&nbsp;Raul E. Diaz Jr.,&nbsp;Emma R. Schachner,&nbsp;Wilfried Klein","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pulmonary development in tetrapods is a complex process, especially within squamates, where single-chambered, transitional, and multi-chambered lungs can be found in adult animals. While the embryological development of the respiratory system of lizards and snakes was studied in a number of species between the 1830s and 1940s, the subject has only received sporadic attention since then. With the advancement of imaging technology, non-invasive methods can be used to explore the degree of respiratory system development in embryos of different ages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to reconstruct three-dimensional extrapulmonary airways and pulmonary structures and to analyze lung development in five species of lizards (two species of Teiidae, one Anguidae, one Iguanidae, and one Tropiduridae) and one species of snake (Lamprophiidae). Results indicate that pulmonary parenchyma development was undetectable in the earliest embryonic stages, likely due to technical or developmental limitations. In later stages, structures such as faveolar parenchyma and intrapulmonary subdivisions were clearly observable, resembling the morphology seen in adult animals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide valuable insights into the viability of micro-CT scans to investigate embryonic respiratory systems, as well as into the evolution and development of the respiratory system in Squamata.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"602-615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible role of microtubules in vesicular transport of matrix protein during sea urchin larval biomineralization","authors":"Areen Qassem,&nbsp;Tsvia Gildor,&nbsp;Smadar Ben-Tabou de-Leon","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biomineralization is a vital biological process through which organisms produce mineralized structures such as shells, skeletons, and teeth. Microtubules are essential for biomineralization in various eukaryotic species; however, their specific roles in this process remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we investigated the structure and function of microtubule filaments and their co-localization with matrix and focal adhesion proteins during the elongation of the calcite spicules of the sea urchin larva. First, we show that inhibiting microtubule polymerization using Nocodazole in whole embryos and isolated skeletogenic cell cultures results in a significant reduction of skeletal growth and affects skeletal morphology. Next, we demonstrate that microtubule filaments elongate from around the skeletogenic nuclei to the biomineralization compartment where they overlap with active focal adhesion kinase. The expression of spicule matrix proteins overlaps with microtubule filaments around the nuclei and with microtubule filaments that elongate to the spicule cavity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose that vesicles bearing matrix proteins are trafficked on microtubules to the spicule cavity where their exocytosis is assisted by focal adhesions. The role of microtubules in biomineralization from unicellular algae to human bones suggests that the proposed microtubule-guided vesicle transport into the biomineralization compartment could be a common mechanism in Eukaryotes' biomineralization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"585-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.70068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the editorial team. An interview with Paul A. Trainor, Editor in Chief, Developmental Dynamics, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA","authors":"Paul A Trainor,&nbsp;Paul Trevorrow","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.70124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"255 6","pages":"530-532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico analysis of putative interactions identifies fibroblasts as hubs for cell-cell communication during early regeneration of the zebrafish heart.","authors":"João A S Carvalho, Prateek Arora, Ines J Marques, María Galardi-Castilla, Louk Timmer, Eva van Rooij, Nadia Mercader","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The zebrafish heart regenerates upon injury. During injury response, fibroblasts and endothelial cells accumulate at the site of damage, and cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry allows cardiac muscle regrowth. It is relevant to understand how the different cell types communicate with each other to coordinate regeneration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We present an in silico meta-analysis of ligand-receptor (LR) interactions among periostin b⁺ fibroblasts, kdlr⁺ endothelial cells, sox10-derived and rest of ventricular cardiomyocytes, at 7 days post-injury. Using bulk RNA-seq data sets from fluorophore-activated cell-sorted populations, we selected for differentially expressed genes encoding LR pairs. Human-centric interaction data from the OmniPath database were adapted to zebrafish data through ortholog mapping to reconstruct a comprehensive interactome. We observed that fibroblasts and, to a lesser extent, endothelial cells emerged as signaling hubs, while cardiomyocytes primarily acted as signal recipients. Network analysis, combining PageRank, expression change, and literature-based novelty, revealed both known and novel candidate genes in regeneration, and allowed pathway enrichment analysis. An interactive web tool enables exploration of the ranked interaction data set, providing a systematic resource to guide future functional studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a systematic and unbiased map of regenerative signaling in the zebrafish heart, establishing a resource to guide functional investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of centromeric fluorescence in situ hybridization probes for embryological and cell studies-A practical approach to validate chromosome stability in Bovinae.","authors":"Zofia E Madeja, Izabela Szczerbal, Marcelina H Osyra, Marta M Ziętek, Agnieszka Bernat","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advances in reproductive and cellular biotechnology have significantly enhanced the ability to study, conserve, and manipulate species within the Bovinae family, including domestic cattle and the endangered European bison (wisent). Central to the success of such technologies, including in vitro fertilization, somatic cell nuclear transfer, and the culture of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), is the chromosome stability of cultured cells and embryos.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we present the design and application of a specific centromere Cot-1 DNA probe for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We demonstrate its utility in assessing chromosomal stability of bovine and wisent somatic cells and in vitro-produced embryos. The probe shows high specificity for Bovinae cells and can be used on both metaphase plates and interphase nuclei, enabling rapid cytogenetic analysis even in slow-dividing or senescent cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly generated Cot-1 DNA-based FISH probe provides a rapid and reliable method for species-specific cytogenetic monitoring in Bovinae. Furthermore, it allows accurate monitoring of chromosomal stability and quality control in PSC systems reliant on feeder layers and offers a streamlined approach for monitoring embryo chromosomal integrity in vitro. Broader application of this method may improve outcomes in reproductive technologies, conservation programs, and the generation of stable cell lines for biotechnological and agricultural use.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal coordination of signaling pathways in tissue differentiation: Developmental atlas of protein expression during zebra finch beak maturation.","authors":"Renée A Duckworth, Sarah E Britton, Cody A Lee, Kathryn C Chenard, Alexander V Badyaev","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Morphogenesis depends on spatial and temporal coordination of signaling pathways, yet context-specificity in interactions among these pathways during cartilage and bone differentiation remains poorly understood. Here we map cellular and histological localization of regulatory proteins forming core craniofacial developmental pathways of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) to provide insight into their functional roles during beak morphogenesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We present an atlas of spatiotemporal coexpression of β-catenin, Bmp4, CaM, Dkk3, Fgf8, Ihh, Tgfβ2, and Wnt4 across embryonic stages HH29-42. Early stages (HH29-32), showed broad expression across epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, followed by progressive compartmentalization by HH36, with pronounced divergence among tissues. Notably, at later stages, proteins showed tissue-specific distributions in boundary versus core regions of chondrogenic and osteogenic domains, indicating coordinated cross-pathway patterning during cartilage and bone formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We find that osteogenesis in the zebra finch beak is organized by coordinated signaling between boundary-associated cells and differentiating cores; cross-pathway feedback establishes bone and cartilage differentiation while maintaining boundaries. Our results corroborate core aspects of craniofacial signaling dynamics and yet reveal unexpected subcellular localization of some key proteins identifying regulatory complexity not captured by prior transcript-level maps. This atlas provides a protein-level baseline for comparative and mechanistic studies of avian beak morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}