Developmental Dynamics最新文献

{"title":"Editorial highlights","authors":"Paul A. Trainor","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.679","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.679","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in <i>Developmental Dynamics</i> that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.</p><p><b>Xenopus Ectoderm Patterning.</b> “The sulfotransferase XB5850668.L is required to apportion embryonic ectodermal domains’ by Alexander Marchak, Karen Neilson, Himani Majumdar, Kiyoshi Yamauchi, Steven Klein and Sally Moody; <i>DevDyn</i> 252:12, https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.648. Six1 is a transcription factor required for patterning the embryonic ectoderm into neural plate, neural crest, preplacodal and epidermal domains, and mutations in <i>SIX1</i> in humans are causative for Branchio-oto-renal (BOR), and Deafness, autosomal dominant 23 (DFNA23) syndromes. In this study, screening for Six1 targets identified a previously uncharacterized sulfotransferase. Sulfotransferases, catalyze the transfer of a sulfuryl (SO3) group from a donor to a substrate, and have been studied extensively in adult tissues where they play important roles in detoxifying compounds and metabolizing drugs. Loss, and gain-of-function analyses in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos reveals for the first time that sulfotransferases play regulate early craniofacial development by balancing the proportional specifical of the embryonic ectoderm into presumptive neural plate versus neural crest and cranial placode tissues. Variants in Sulfotransferase genes could therefore be potential new candidates for BOR and DFNA23 syndromes.</p><p><b>Pharyngeal Development</b> “Foxi3GFP and Foxi3CreER mice allow identification and lineage labeling of pharyngeal arch ectoderm and endoderm, and tooth and hair placodes” by Harinarayana Ankamreddy, Ankita Thawani, Onur Birol, Hongyuan Zhang, and Andrew Groves, <i>DevDyn</i> 252:12; https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.645. Pharyngeal arches are transient embryonic structures that give rise to many craniofacial structures including the lower jaw, middle and external ears, and endoderm derived organs such as the thymus, thyroid and parathyroid. FOXI3 is a forkhead family transcription factor that is expressed in the progenitors of craniofacial placodes, epidermal placodes, and the ectoderm and endoderm of the pharyngeal arch region. This study generated new Foxi3GFP and Foxi3CreER genetic tools for studying pharyngeal development. Foxi3GFP mice recapitulate the expression patterns of Foxi3 mRNA, and Foxi3CreER mice can trace the derivatives of pharyngeal arch ectoderm and endoderm, the pharyngeal pouches and clefts that separate each arch, and the derivatives of hair and tooth placodes.</p><p><b>Zebrafish Metalloproteases</b> “Dynamic and Broad Expression of adamts9 in Developing and Adult Zebrafish” by Yuanfa He, Jonathan Carver,","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"252 12","pages":"1406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138458505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of mechanical forces on tendon development using in vivo model: A scoping review","authors":"Yuna Usami,&nbsp;Hirotaka Iijima,&nbsp;Takanori Kokubun","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.673","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tendons transmit the muscle contraction forces to bones and drive joint movement throughout life. While extensive research have indicated the essentiality of mechanical forces on tendon development, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental role of mechanical forces still needs to be impaerted. This scoping review aimed to summarize the current knowledge about the role of mechanical forces during the tendon developmental phase. The electronic database search using PubMed, performed in May 2023, yielded 651 articles, of which 16 met the prespecified inclusion criteria. We summarized and divided the methods to reduce the mechanical force into three groups: loss of muscle, muscle dysfunction, and weight-bearing regulation. In contrast, there were few studies to analyze the increased mechanical force model. Most studies suggested that mechanical force has some roles in tendon development in the embryo to postnatal phase. However, we identified species variability and methodological heterogeneity to modulate mechanical force. To establish a comprehensive understanding, methodological commonality to modulate the mechanical force is needed in this field. Additionally, summarizing chronological changes in developmental processes across animal species helps to understand the essence of developmental tendon mechanobiology. We expect that the findings summarized in the current review serve as a groundwork for future study in the fields of tendon developmantal biology and mechanobiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 6","pages":"550-565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72013913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial highlights","authors":"Paul A. Trainor","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.675","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.675","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in &lt;i&gt;Developmental Dynamics&lt;/i&gt; that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Zebrafish Neurogenesis.&lt;/b&gt; “Plexina4 and cell survival in the developing zebrafish hindbrain” by Zachary Nurcombe, Carrie Lynn Hehr, and Sarah McFarlane; DevDyn 252:11, pp. 1323–1337, https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.633. Apoptosis plays a fundamental role in normal embryo development and tissue homeostasis. For example, during nervous system development, neurons are initially overproduced but then pruned through programmed cell death. Plexins (PLXNs) are transmembrane receptors for a class of guidance proteins known as Semaphorins (SEMAs) and control the directed movements of migrating neurons and extending axons. But what about proliferation? &lt;i&gt;plxna4&lt;/i&gt; is dynamically expressed within the developing embryonic brain, including the hindbrain, and in this paper CRISPR mediated gene editing of zebrafish demonstrates that &lt;i&gt;plxna4&lt;/i&gt; plays a critical role in neuronal survival during zebrafish hindbrain development. This has implications for neurodegenerative disorders since &lt;i&gt;PLXNA4&lt;/i&gt; is implicated in Alzheimer’s Disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Retina Development&lt;/b&gt; “A framework to identify functional interactors that contribute to disrupted early retinal development in Vsx2 ocular retardation J mice” by Amanda Leung, Mahesh Rao, Nathan Raju, Minh Chung, Allison Klinger, DiAnna Rowe, Xiaodong Li, and Edward Levine; DevDyn 252:11, pp. 1338–1362, https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.629. &lt;i&gt;The Visual System Homeobox&lt;/i&gt; 2 (&lt;i&gt;Vsx2&lt;/i&gt;) gene is initially expressed in retinal progenitor cells where it regulates retinal neurogenesis before ultimately resolving to bipolar cells and Müller glia. Mutations in &lt;i&gt;VSX2&lt;/i&gt; in humans cause bilateral congenital microphthalmia, disrupted retinal architecture, and lifelong blindness. The recessive loss-of-function ocular retardation J allele encodes a premature stop codon in the mouse Vsx2 homeodomain. Combining &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; testing with transcriptome analysis revealed interactions between Vsx2, Mitf, RXR, and gamma-Secretase activities during retinal development, and provides a platform that could be adapted to other gene mutations with complex phenotypes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cartilage Development and Evolution&lt;/b&gt; “Common features of cartilage maturation are not conserved in an amphibian model” by Jason Nguyen, Patsy Gómez-Picos, Yiwen Liu, Katie Ovens, and B. Frank Eames; DevDyn 252:11, pp. 1375–1390, https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.594. Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue made up of specialized cells called chondrocytes. It is replaced by bone in many parts of the body thro","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"252 11","pages":"1322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71421582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kdm7a expression is spatiotemporally regulated in developing Xenopus laevis embryos, and its overexpression influences late retinal development","authors":"Davide Martini,&nbsp;Matteo Digregorio,&nbsp;Ilaria Anna Pia Voto,&nbsp;Giuseppe Morabito,&nbsp;Andrea Degl'Innocenti,&nbsp;Guido Giudetti,&nbsp;Martina Giannaccini,&nbsp;Massimiliano Andreazzoli","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.670","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.670","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post-translational histone modifications are among the most common epigenetic modifications that orchestrate gene expression, playing a pivotal role during embryonic development and in various pathological conditions. Among histone lysine demethylases, KDM7A, also known as KIAA1718 or JHDM1D, catalyzes the demethylation of H3K9me1/2 and H3K27me1/2, leading to transcriptional regulation. Previous data suggest that KDM7A plays a central role in several biological processes, including cell proliferation, commitment, differentiation, apoptosis, and maintenance. However, information on the expression pattern of <i>KDM7A</i> in whole organisms is limited, and its functional role is still unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In <i>Xenopus</i> development, <i>kdm7a</i> is expressed early, undergoing spatiotemporal regulation in various organs and tissues, including the central nervous system and the eye. Focusing on retinal development, we found that <i>kdm7a</i> overexpression does not affect the expression of genes critically involved in early neural development and eye-field specification, whereas unbalances the distribution of neural cell subtypes in the mature retina by disfavoring the development of ganglion cells while promoting that of horizontal cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Kdm7a</i> is dynamically expressed during embryonic development, and its overexpression influences late retinal development, suggesting a potential involvement in the molecular machinery regulating the spatiotemporally ordered generation of retinal neuronal subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 5","pages":"508-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71421581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"wnt10a is required for zebrafish median fin fold maintenance and adult unpaired fin metamorphosis","authors":"Erica L. Benard,&nbsp;Ismail Küçükaylak,&nbsp;Julia Hatzold,&nbsp;Kilian U. W. Berendes,&nbsp;Thomas J. Carney,&nbsp;Filippo Beleggia,&nbsp;Matthias Hammerschmidt","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.672","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.672","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mutations of human <i>WNT10A</i> are associated with odonto-ectodermal dysplasia syndromes. Here, we present analyses of <i>wnt10a</i> loss-of-function mutants in the zebrafish.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>wnt10a</i> mutant zebrafish embryos display impaired tooth development and a collapsing median fin fold (MFF). Rescue experiments show that <i>wnt10a</i> is essential for MFF maintenance both during embryogenesis and later metamorphosis. The MFF collapse could not be attributed to increased cell death or altered proliferation rates of MFF cell types. Rather, <i>wnt10a</i> mutants show reduced expression levels of <i>dlx2a</i> in distal-most MFF cells, followed by compromised expression of <i>col1a1a</i> and other extracellular matrix proteins encoding genes. Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that although dermal MFF compartments of <i>wnt10a</i> mutants initially are of normal morphology, with regular collagenous actinotrichia, positioning of actinotrichia within the cleft of distal MFF cells becomes compromised, coinciding with actinotrichia shrinkage and MFF collapse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MFF collapse of <i>wnt10a</i> mutant zebrafish is likely caused by the loss of distal properties in the developing MFF, strikingly similar to the proposed molecular pathomechanisms underlying the teeth defects caused by the loss of Wnt10 in fish and mammals. In addition, it points to thus fur unknown mechanisms controlling the linear growth and stability of actinotrichia and their collagen fibrils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 6","pages":"566-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11035493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific CaMKIIs mediate convergent extension cell movements in early zebrafish development","authors":"Jamie J. McLeod,&nbsp;Sarah C. Rothschild,&nbsp;Ludmila Francescatto,&nbsp;Haerin Kim,&nbsp;Robert M. Tombes","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.665","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.665","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noncanonical Wnts are morphogens that can elevate intracellular Ca²⁺, activate the Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaMKII, and promote cell movements during vertebrate gastrulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zebrafish express seven CaMKII genes during embryogenesis; two of these, <i>camk2b1</i> and <i>camk2g1</i>, are necessary for convergent extension (CE) cell movements. CaMKII morphant phenotypes were observed as early as epiboly. At the 1–3 somite stage, neuroectoderm and paraxial cells remained unconverged in both morphants. Later, somites lacked their stereotypical shape and were wider, more closely spaced, and body gap angles increased. At 24hpf, somite compression and notochord undulation coincided with a shorter and broader body axis. A <i>camk2b1</i> crispant was generated which phenocopied the <i>camk2b1</i> morphant. The levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis and paraxial and neuroectodermal markers were unchanged in morphants. Hyperactivation of CaMKII during gastrulation by transient pharmacological intervention (thapsigargin) also caused CE defects. Mosaically expressed dominant-negative CaMKII recapitulated these phenotypes and showed significant midline bifurcation. Finally, the introduction of CaMKII partially rescued Wnt11 morphant phenotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, these data support a model whereby cyclically activated CaMKII encoded from two genes enables cell migration during the process of CE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 4","pages":"390-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is African non-annual killifish Fundulopanchax gardneri (Teleostei; Cyprinodontiformes; Nothobranchiidae) true non-annual?","authors":"Vasily Borisov,&nbsp;Fedor Shkil,&nbsp;Dmitry Seleznev,&nbsp;Sergei Smirnov","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.668","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.668","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Annual or seasonal killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae) are unique among fish in their ability to enter into developmental arrests (diapauses: DI, DII, and DIII). They have a short lifespan and their embryos are exceptionally tolerant to a variety of environmental stresses. These traits make them a popular model for studying vertebrate diapause, aging, stress tolerance, genome adaptation, and evolution. In such issues, in a comparative evolutionary framework, <i>Fundulopanchax gardneri,</i> a popular aquarium fish from Africa, is commonly used as a representative non-annual model though its development is not studied in detail and whether it includes diapauses remains uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We described in detail for the first time embryonic development of <i>F</i>. <i>gardneri</i> and revealed it to resemble that in the undoubtedly annual <i>Austrofundulus limnaeus</i> killifish in displaying two developmental depressions. However, if compared with <i>A. limnaeus,</i> these developmental states look like “less intense” versions of DII and DIII rather than true diapauses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether developmental depressions in <i>F. gardneri</i> represent “true” diapauses or only their functional equivalents, detailed studies of embryonic development of different killifish both annual and non-annual are needed. Before that, acceptance of <i>F</i>. <i>gardneri</i> as a representative non-annual fish seems premature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 5","pages":"490-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at the preimplantation stages increases apoptosis and ectopic Cdx2 expression and decreases Oct4 expression in mouse blastocysts via Nrf2-Notch1 upregulation and Nf2 downregulation","authors":"Yu-Ming Li,&nbsp;Yu Lang Chung,&nbsp;Yung-Fu Wu,&nbsp;Chien-Kuo Wang,&nbsp;Chieh-Min Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Hui Chen","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.671","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.671","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The environmental oxygen tension has been reported to impact the blastocyst quality and cell numbers in the inner cell mass (ICM) during human and murine embryogenesis. While the molecular mechanisms leading to increased ICM cell numbers and pluripotency gene expression under hypoxia have been deciphered, it remains unknown which regulatory pathways caused the underweight fetal body and overweight placenta after maternal exposure to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The blastocysts from the HBO-exposed pregnant mice revealed significantly increased signals of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear Nrf2 staining, decreased Nf2 and Oct4 expression, increased nuclear Tp53bp1 and active caspase-3 staining, and ectopic nuclear signals of Cdx2, Yap, and the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) in the ICM. In the ICM of the HBO-exposed blastocysts, both <i>Nf2</i> cDNA microinjection and <i>Nrf2</i> shRNA microinjection significantly decreased the ectopic nuclear expression of Cdx2, Tp53bp1, and Yap whereas increased Oct4 expression, while <i>Nrf2</i> shRNA microinjection also significantly decreased <i>Notch1</i> mRNA levels and nuclear expression of N1ICD and active caspase-3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show for the first time that maternal exposure to HBO at the preimplantation stage induces apoptosis and impairs ICM cell specification via upregulating <i>Nrf2</i>-<i>Notch1-Cdx2</i> expression and downregulating <i>Nf2</i>-<i>Oct4</i> expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 5","pages":"467-489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elongation of the developing spinal cord is driven by Oct4-type transcription factor-mediated regulation of retinoic acid signaling in zebrafish embryos","authors":"Tatsuya Yuikawa,&nbsp;Takehisa Sato,&nbsp;Masaaki Ikeda,&nbsp;Momo Tsuruoka,&nbsp;Kaede Yasuda,&nbsp;Yuto Sato,&nbsp;Kouhei Nasu,&nbsp;Kyo Yamasu","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.666","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.666","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elongation of the spinal cord is dependent on neural development from neuromesodermal progenitors in the tail bud. We previously showed the involvement of the <i>Oct4</i>-type gene, <i>pou5f3</i>, in this process in zebrafish mainly by dominant-interference gene induction, but, to compensate for the limitation of this transgene approach, mutant analysis was indispensable. <i>pou5f</i>3 involvement in the signaling pathways was another unsolved question.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the phenotypes of <i>pou5f3</i> mutants and the effects of Pou5f3 activation by the tamoxifen-ERT2 system in the posterior neural tube, together confirming the involvement of <i>pou5f3</i>. The reporter assays using P19 cells implicated tail bud-related transcription factors in <i>pou5f3</i> expression. Regulation of tail bud development by retinoic acid (RA) signaling was confirmed by treatment of embryos with RA and the synthesis inhibitor, and in vitro reporter assays further showed that RA signaling regulated <i>pou5f3</i> expression. Importantly, the expression of the RA degradation enzyme gene, <i>cyp26a1</i>, was down-regulated in embryos with disrupted <i>pou5f3</i> activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The involvement of <i>pou5f3</i> in spinal cord extension was supported by using mutants and the gain-of-function approach. Our findings further suggest that <i>pou5f3</i> regulates the RA level, contributing to neurogenesis in the posterior neural tube.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 4","pages":"404-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired breakdown of Herwig's epithelial root sheath disturbs tooth root development","authors":"Ju-Kyung Jeong,&nbsp;Tak-Heun Kim,&nbsp;Hwajung Choi,&nbsp;Eui-Sic Cho","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.667","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.667","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a variety of roles in both the dental epithelium and mesenchyme at most stages of tooth development. In this study, we verified the roles of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) breakdown in tooth root development. This breakdown results in formation of epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following induction of β-catenin stabilization in the epithelium of developing tooth at the moment of HERS breakdown, HERS failed to break down for ERM formation. HERS with stabilized β-catenin was altered into a multicellular layer enveloping elongated root dentin with higher expression of junctional proteins such as Zo-1 and E-cadherin. Importantly, this impairment of HERS breakdown led to arrest of further root elongation. In addition, the portion of root dentin enveloped by the undissociated HERS remained in a hypomineralized state. The odontoblasts showed ectopically higher expression of pyrophosphate regulators including Ank and Npp1, whereas Tnap expression was unchanged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data suggest that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is decreased in HERS for ERM formation during root development. Furthermore, ERM formation is important for further elongation and dentin mineralization of the tooth roots. These findings may provide new insight to understand the contribution of ERM to root formation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 4","pages":"423-434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}