Developmental Dynamics最新文献

{"title":"Evolving topological order in the postnatal visceral pleura","authors":"Betty S. Liu,&nbsp;Ali B. Ali,&nbsp;Stacey P. Kwan,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Pan,&nbsp;Willi L. Wagner,&nbsp;Hassan A. Khalil,&nbsp;Zi Chen,&nbsp;Maximilian Ackermann,&nbsp;Steven J. Mentzer","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.688","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.688","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Changes in epithelial cell shape reflects optimal cell packing and the minimization of surface free energy, but also cell–cell interactions, cell proliferation, and cytoskeletal rearrangements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we studied the structure of the rat pleura in the first 15 days after birth. After pleural isolation and image segmentation, the analysis demonstrated a progression of epithelial order from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P15. The cells with the largest surface area and greatest shape variability were observed at P1. In contrast, the cells with the smallest surface area and most shape consistency were observed at P15. A comparison of polygonal cell geometries demonstrated progressive optimization with an increase in the number of hexagons (six-sided) as well as five-sided and seven-sided polygons. Analysis of the epithelial organization with Voronoi tessellations and graphlet motif frequencies demonstrated a developmental path strikingly distinct from mathematical and natural reference paths. Graph Theory analysis of cell connectivity demonstrated a progressive decrease in network heterogeneity and clustering coefficient from P1 to P15.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that the rat pleura undergoes a striking change in pleural structure from P1 to P15. Further, a geometric and network-based approach can provide a quantitative characterization of these developmental changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 8","pages":"711-721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From pumps to pipes: A special issue on mechanisms of cardiovascular development","authors":"Mathilda Mommersteeg,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Hogan","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.685","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.685","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In this special issue on “Mechanisms of cardiovascular development,” we present a series of studies that explore key questions in cardiovascular developmental biology and regeneration. In recent decades, the broad field of cardiovascular development has expanded to encompass new areas of investigation such as organ specific vascular networks, regeneration of the heart and vessels, as well as the role of the non-coding genome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We kick off with two comprehensive review articles, one by Beisaw and Wu&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; explores cardiomyocyte maturation and its regulation in cardiac regeneration. In particular, the mechanisms that control myofibril maturation, the metabolic processes underlying maturation and polyploidization of cardiomyocytes are extensively reviewed, and how these processes are altered in regeneration outlined in detail. Payne et al.,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; then provide a detailed overview of the transcription factors that control developmental angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. This helpful resource, points readers to detailed information on binding motifs, phenotypes in mice and zebrafish, and gaps in the current understanding of transcriptional control of vascular development. These reviews set the scene for a series of seven research articles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In cardiac development, Auman et al.,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; genetically map a zebrafish mutant with pleiotropic phenotypes including loss of pectoral fins and a string-like heart. They discover that &lt;i&gt;smarcc1a&lt;/i&gt; controls heart chamber development following normal specification of the early cardiac field. In particular, &lt;i&gt;smarcc1a&lt;/i&gt; controls the normal formation of the atrioventricular canal (AVC, which contains the future valves), identifying an unappreciated regulator of this process. Furthermore, uncovering new understanding of how the valve territories are regulated, but this time using mouse models, Okumura et al.,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; explore the role of &lt;i&gt;Hey2&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Hey2&lt;/i&gt; knockout (KO) mice at P0 were found to have ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and tricuspid valve malformations. Conditional KO mice reveal that function of &lt;i&gt;Hey2&lt;/i&gt; is essential in developing myocardium for normal development of the septum and valves. The complex phenotypic description here is aided by reconstructed 3D images generated from H&amp;E sections using freely available software, a resource that may be of value to many more groups in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The trabeculae of the heart form finger-like projections in development that arise from the compact myocardium and serve to thicken the maturing heart wall. This occurs while the developing heart is contracting. In this issue, Olejnickova et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; use simulation of electrical conduction in 3D models of wildtype and trabecular-deficient chick embryos. They combine modeling with detailed analysis of genetic and pharmacological trabecular deficient models to find that trabeculae support normal c","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139073633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonic development of the neotropical pit viper Bothrops atrox (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae), with emphasis on pit organ morphogenesis and its evolution in snakes","authors":"Fernanda Magalhães Silva,&nbsp;Ricardo Arturo Guerra-Fuentes,&nbsp;David C. Blackburn,&nbsp;Ana L. Costa Prudente","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.677","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.677","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bothrops atrox</i> is a pit viper with a loreal pit organ, and its embryological development remains undescribed. Here, we provide a comprehensive description of the embryology of <i>B. atrox</i>, focusing on the loreal pit organ and cephalic scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterized 13 developmental stages of <i>B. atrox</i> based on external features consistent with the embryogenesis of previously described snake species. The loreal pit organ originates from the circumorbital region and migrates to its final position. In Crotalinae, the pit organ first becomes visible at stage 28, whereas in Pythonidae labial, pit organs appear at Stage 35. Pit organs evolved independently three times in Serpentes, encompassing Boidae, Pythonidae, and Crotalinae. Boidae lacks embryological information for pit organs. Furthermore, we observed that head scalation onset occurs at Stage 33 in <i>B. atrox</i>, with fusion of scales surrounding the loreal pit organ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The embryology of pit organs in Pythonidae and Boidae species remains poorly understood. Our detailed embryological descriptions are critical for proposing developmental scenarios for pit organs and guiding future research on these structures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 6","pages":"606-623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grb7 knockout mice develop normally but litters born to knockout females fail to thrive","authors":"Kristopher A. Lofgren,&nbsp;Paraic A. Kenny","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.686","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.686","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growth factor receptor-bound 7 (Grb7) is an adaptor protein involved in signal transduction downstream of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, including ERBB, FGFR, and PDGFR pathways. Experimental studies have implicated Grb7 in regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion through its large repertoire of protein–protein interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a <i>Grb7</i> knockout mouse. These mice are viable and fertile. A <i>lacZ</i> knock-in reporter was used to visualize <i>Grb7</i> promoter activity patterns in adult tissues, indicating widespread Grb7 expression in glandular epithelium, the central nervous system, and other tissues. The sole defect observed in these animals was a failure of <i>Grb7</i> knockout females to successfully raise pups to weaning age, a phenotype that was independent of both paternal and pup genotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data suggest a regulatory role for Grb7 in mammary lactational physiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 7","pages":"677-689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138884683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (DTL) maintains the proliferation and differentiation of epidermis and hair follicles during skin development","authors":"Yanhui Lin,&nbsp;Weibo Tang,&nbsp;Peijun Huang,&nbsp;Zhendong Wang,&nbsp;Lian Duan,&nbsp;Chonghui Jia,&nbsp;Ruizhen Sun,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Jingling Shen","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.682","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.682","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A precise balance between the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal progenitors is required to achieve the barrier function during the development of epidermis. During the entire process of skin development, the newly formed basal layer cells divide, differentiate, and migrate outward to the surface of the skin, which is tightly regulated by a series of events related to cell cycle progression. The CRL4^DTL complex (Cullin 4 RING ligase, in association with the substrate receptor DTL) has long emerged as a master regulator in various cellular processes, which mediates the degradation of key cell cycle proteins. However, the roles of DTL in regulating epidermal morphogenesis during skin development remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We showed that DTL deficiency in epidermal progenitor cells leads to defects in epidermal stratification and loss of hair follicles accompanied by reduced epidermal progenitor cells and disturbed cell cycle progression during skin development. Transcriptome analysis revealed that p53 pathway is activated in DTL-depleted epidermal progenitor cells. The apoptosis of epidermal cells showed in DTL deficiency mice is rescued by the absence of p53, but the proliferation and differentiation defects were p53-independent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that DTL plays a vital role in epidermal malformation during skin development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 7","pages":"635-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138828719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetrahedral serial multiview microscopy and image fusion for improved resolution and extent in stained zebrafish embryos","authors":"Johanna B. Kroll,&nbsp;Anna Cha,&nbsp;Alon Oyler-Yaniv,&nbsp;Talley Lambert,&nbsp;Ian A. Swinburne,&nbsp;Andrew Murphy,&nbsp;Sean G. Megason","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.683","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.683","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spatial mapping on the single-cell level over the whole organism can uncover roles of molecular players involved in vertebrate development. Custom microscopes have been developed that use multiple objectives to view a sample from multiple views at the same time. Such multiview imaging approaches can improve resolution and uniformity of image quality as well as allow whole embryos to be imaged (Swoger et al., <i>Opt Express</i>, 2007;15(13):8029). However, multiview imaging is highly restricted to specialized equipment requiring multiple objectives or sample rotation with automated hardware.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our approach uses a standard single-objective confocal microscope to perform serial multiview imaging. Multiple views are imaged sequentially by mounting the fixed sample in an agarose tetrahedron that is manually rotated in between imaging each face. Computational image fusion allows for a joint 3D image to be created from multiple tiled Z-stacks acquired from different angles. The resulting fused image has improved resolution and imaging extent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With this technique, multiview imaging can be performed on a variety of common single-objective microscopes to allow for whole-embryo, high-resolution imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 7","pages":"690-704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138828720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational simulation of JAK/STAT signaling in somatic versus germline stem cells","authors":"Willis X. Li","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.684","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.684","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway regulates a variety of cellular processes. A major activation event in this pathway involves the phosphorylation of a tyrosine of STAT, converting unphosphorylated STAT (uSTAT) to phosphorylated STAT (pSTAT), an active transcription factor. In a noncanonical role, uSTAT contributes to the maintenance of heterochromatin stability. As such, an increase in pSTAT concurrently reduces uSTAT, resulting in heterochromatin loss, as observed in <i>Drosophila</i> somatic tissues. Paradoxically, an opposing phenomenon occurs in <i>Drosophila</i> male germline stem cells (GSCs), where the JAK/STAT pathway remains persistently active due to a continuous supply of ligands. Here, computational simulations were employed to dissect JAK/STAT pathway activation under different cellular contexts, mimicking somatic and germline cells. In these simulations, ordinary differential equations were leveraged to replicate the chemical reactions governing JAK/STAT signaling under different conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The outcomes indicate that transient ligand stimulation, typical in somatic tissues, led to a momentary reduction in uSTAT levels. Conversely, sustained ligand stimulation, a characteristic feature of the GSC niche, resulted in elevated uSTAT levels at equilibrium.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The simulation suggests that the duration of ligand exposure could explain the observed opposite effects of JAK/STAT activation on heterochromatin in somatic versus GSCs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 7","pages":"648-658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138828718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of distinct vascular mural cell populations during zebrafish embryonic development","authors":"Sarah Colijn,&nbsp;Miku Nambara,&nbsp;Gracie Malin,&nbsp;Elena A. Sacchetti,&nbsp;Amber N. Stratman","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.681","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.681","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mural cells are an essential perivascular cell population that associate with blood vessels and contribute to vascular stabilization and tone. In the embryonic zebrafish vasculature, <i>pdgfrb</i> and <i>tagln</i> are commonly used as markers for identifying pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the overlapping and distinct expression patterns of these markers in tandem have not been fully described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we used the <i>Tg(pdgfrb:Gal4FF</i>; <i>UAS:RFP)</i> and <i>Tg(tagln:NLS-EGFP)</i> transgenic lines to identify single- and double-positive perivascular cell populations on the cranial, axial, and intersegmental vessels between 1 and 5 days postfertilization. From this comparative analysis, we discovered two novel regions of <i>tagln</i>-positive cell populations that have the potential to function as mural cell precursors. Specifically, we found that the hypochord—a reportedly transient structure—contributes to <i>tagln</i>-positive cells along the dorsal aorta. We also identified a unique mural cell progenitor population that resides along the midline between the neural tube and notochord and contributes to intersegmental vessel mural cell coverage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Together, our findings highlight the variability and versatility of tracking both <i>pdgfrb</i> and <i>tagln</i> expression in mural cells of the developing zebrafish embryo and reveal unexpected embryonic cell populations that express <i>pdgfrb</i> and <i>tagln</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 5","pages":"519-541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonmuscular Troponin-I is required for gastrulation in sea urchin embryos","authors":"Mai Kamata,&nbsp;Yuri Taniguchi,&nbsp;Junko Yaguchi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Tanaka,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yaguchi","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.680","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.680","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastrulation is one of the most important events in our lives (Barresi and Gilbert, 2020, <i>Developmental Biology</i>, 12th ed.). The molecular mechanisms of gastrulation in multicellular organisms are not yet fully understood, since many molecular, physical, and chemical factors are involved in the event.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we found that one of muscle components, Troponin-I (TnI), is expressed in future gut cells, which are not muscular cells at all, and regulates gastrulation in embryos of a sea urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i>. When we block the function of TnI, the invagination was inhibited in spite that the gut-cell specifier gene is normally expressed. In addition, blocking myosin activity also induced incomplete gastrulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results strongly suggested that TnI regulates nonmuscular actin–myosin interactions during sea urchin gastrulation. So far, Troponin system is treated as specific only for muscle components, especially for striated muscle, but our data clearly show that TnI is involved in nonmuscular event. It is also reported that recent sensitive gene expression analysis revealed that Troponin genes are expressed in nonmuscular tissues in mammals (Ono et al., <i>Sci Data</i>, 2017;4:170105). These evidences propose the new evolutionary and functional scenario of the involvement of Troponin system in nonmuscular cell behaviors using actin-myosin system in bilaterians including human being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 6","pages":"624-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138561087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Id2 expression causes defective meiosis and spermatogenesis in mice","authors":"Zhen He,&nbsp;Rong-Ge Yan,&nbsp;Qin-Bang Shang,&nbsp;Qi-En Yang","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.676","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inhibitors of DNA binding (ID) proteins mainly inhibit gene expression and regulate cell fate decisions by interacting with E-proteins. All four ID proteins (ID1–4) are present in the testis, and ID4 has a particularly important role in spermatogonial stem cell fate determination. Several lines of evidence indicate that ID proteins are involved in meiosis; however, functional experiments have not been conducted to validate this observation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we report that ID2 is enriched in spermatocytes and that forced ID2 expression in germ cells causes defects in spermatogenesis. A detailed analysis demonstrated that <i>Id2</i> overexpression (<i>Id2</i> OE) decreased the total number of spermatogonia and changed the dynamics of meiosis progression. Specifically, spermatocytes were enriched in the zygotene stage, and the proportion of pachytene spermatocytes was significantly decreased, indicating defects in the zygotene–pachytene transition. The number of MLH1-positive foci per cell was decreased in pachytene spermatocytes from <i>Id2</i> OE testes, suggesting abnormalities in recombination. Transcriptome analysis revealed that forced <i>Id2</i> expression changed the expression of a list of genes mainly associated with meiosis and spermatid development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ID2 protein is expressed in spermatocytes, and its genetic ablation in the germline does not affect spermatogenesis, likely due to genetic compensation of its family members. However, forced <i>Id2</i> expression changes meiosis progression and causes defects in spermiogenesis. These data provide important evidence that ID proteins play pivotal roles in male meiosis and spermatid development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 6","pages":"593-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138560912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}