Dental and Medical Problems最新文献

{"title":"Altered gene expression profile in human gingival keratinocytes treated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and their role in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Poojitha Kumaran, Anitha Pandi, Smiline Girija Aseervatham Selvi, Paramasivam Arumugam, Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan","doi":"10.17219/dmp/186499","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/186499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal diseases have been associated with several systemic conditions, including certain types of cancer. Chronic inflammation, a characteristic feature of periodontal disease, has been hypothesized to contribute to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the specific relationship between Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and cancer development remains an area of ongoing research.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the potential association between A. actinomycetemcomitans, a well-established periodontal pathogen, and the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Additionally, the objective was to examine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in A. actinomycetemcomitans-infected human immortalized gingival keratinocytes (HIGKs) and compare their expression in the HNSCC dataset using computational tools.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE9723 was used to retrieve the global gene expression profile of human gingival keratinocytes exposed to A. actinomycetemcomitans. A computational approach was employed using the PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) Classification System for gene ontology analysis, STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) for network analysis and UALCAN (University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis) for gene expression and survival analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GEO2R analysis identified numerous DEGs, of which the top 25 were selected for further evaluation using the HNSCC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Among these genes, DDIT4 and RCE1 demonstrated expression patterns consistent with those observed in A. actinomycetemcomitans-infected HIGKs. Further analysis revealed that patients presenting with elevated DDIT4 and RCE1 expression levels demonstrated a marked reduction in overall survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that DDIT4 and RCE1 can be considered potential therapeutic targets associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans-mediated induction of head and neck cancers. However, further studies are required to validate these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"419-429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147971395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of biosurfactant-coated copper nanoparticles: A study on selected endodontic pathogens.","authors":"Hmoud Ali Algarni, Meshal Aber Alonazi, Shaeesta Khaleelahmed Bhavikatti, Abdul Habeeb Adil, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.17219/dmp/199972","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/199972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endodontic infections caused by pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus oralis, and Enterococcus spp. pose significant challenges due to biofilm formation and resistance to conventional treatments. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) exhibit promising antimicrobial properties, and coating them with biosurfactants may enhance stability while reducing cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to synthesize and characterize CuNPs stabilized with biosurfactants derived from Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and to evaluate their antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Copper nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical reduction method and coated with biosurfactants to prevent oxidation and aggregation. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, S. oralis, and Enterococcus spp. was evaluated using the well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Cytotoxicity was assessed using an MTT assay on L929 fibroblast cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Characterization confirmed the formation of spherical CuNPs with sizes ranging from 90 nm to 100 nm. Both CuO+P5C and CuO+P11 nanoparticles demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens, with a MIC value of 125 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity results showed minimal toxicity, with nearly 78-80% cell viability maintained at concentrations of up to 100 μg/mL, indicating excellent biocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biosurfactant-coated CuNPs represent a stable, eco-friendly and effective antimicrobial alternative for addressing persistent endodontic infections. Further in vivo studies and extended cytotoxicity evaluations are needed to confirm their clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"407-417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy and occlusal splints in the treatment of bruxism in children: A systematic review.","authors":"Souad Al Fallaha, Ramah Eimad Makieh, Chaza Nader Kouchaji, Dina Aly Sharaf, Omar Hamadah","doi":"10.17219/dmp/185318","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/185318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Untreated sleep bruxism (SB) can cause damage to the stomatognathic system, potentially reducing academic performance in children and negatively affecting their quality of life. Occlusal splints are considered the gold standard for the treatment of bruxism in children; however, they present many limitations, prompting the search for alternative therapies. Laser therapy has been proposed as a more favorable, painless and cost-effective treatment option for pediatric patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and occlusal splints in the treatment of bruxism in children.This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Studies were identified through searches of the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed®); Google Scholar; and the Cochrane Library. The review included articles published between January 2010 and June 2023. Studies evaluating the treatment of bruxism using occlusal splints and/or PBMT in participants under 18 years of age were included.A total of 67 articles published in English were identified. After applying the eligibility criteria and assessing study quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, 6 studies were included in the final analysis. Of these, 4 investigated various types of occlusal splints, while 2 compared PBMT with occlusal splints. The papers also examined diagnostic methods, treatment outcomes, salivary cortisol levels, and dopamine levels.Occlusal splints have limited effectiveness in managing the signs and symptoms of bruxism. Photobiomodulation therapy shows potential as a treatment method, but its effectiveness remains inconclusive. Due to the limited number of available studies, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn, and further research is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"517-524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser therapies for oral lichen planus: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses with evidence-based recommendations from the Polish Society for Laser Dentistry.","authors":"Kinga Grzech-Leśniak, Rafał Wiench, Jakub Fiegler-Rudol, Zuzanna Grzech-Leśniak, Wojciech Niemczyk, Grzegorz Marek, Bartłomiej Pokrzywka, Adam Ziemlewski, Dariusz Roman Skaba, Jacek Matys, Alina Jankowska-Konsur, Halina Bubala, Marek Ussowicz, Tomasz Wróbel, Krzysztof Dowgierd, Mariusz Szuta, Marzena Dominiak","doi":"10.17219/dmp/216723","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/216723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to comprehensively synthesize and critically evaluate the effectiveness, safety and clinical applicability of various laser therapies in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP), including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), and to provide guidelines for clinicians.A structured literature review was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, and recommendations were formulated. A total of 23 relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025 were identified through searches of multiple biomedical databases. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed, focusing on clinical outcomes such as reduction in lesion severity, pain relief, mucosal healing, and recurrence rates.Laser therapies demonstrated effectiveness in reducing lesion size and pain, with safety profiles comparable to or superior to those of conventional corticosteroid treatments. Photobiomodulation therapy and HILT showed particularly favorable outcomes, including lower recurrence rates and fewer adverse effects. However, heterogeneity in treatment protocols and laser parameters limited direct comparisons, with corticosteroids remaining the first-line treatment.Laser-based therapies are valuable adjuncts or alternatives for patients with OLP who are intolerant to corticosteroids. Standardized treatment protocols and further large-scale randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to optimize clinical guidelines and enable personalized therapy. Photobiomodulation therapy is recommended as the safest and most effective modality for erosive OLP.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"465-481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of postoperative pain following bioceramic sealer application with three obturation methods: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Kaligotla Apoorva Vasundhara, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Flavia Iaculli, Carlo Rengo, Elena Calabria, Niccolò Giuseppe Armogida, Mariangela Cernera","doi":"10.17219/dmp/208898","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/208898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most important aspects of root canal therapy is pain control after treatment. Postoperative pain is an unwanted but common sensation following endodontic procedures. Recently, bioceramic sealers have gained attention in endodontics; however, clinical evidence supporting their effectiveness in pain reduction is still limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 3 obturation techniques using a bioceramic sealer (Cerafill RCS®) on postoperative pain in patients with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety-three patients diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly allocated to one of three groups according to the obturation technique: cold lateral compaction; single cone obturation; or a hot modified technique. The severity of pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after treatment. The study utilized Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests to analyze pain scores across groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sealer-based and hot modified techniques were associated with significantly lower postoperative pain levels compared to cold lateral compaction at all measured time points (p < 0.05). The regression analysis confirmed the obturation technique as a significant predictor of postoperative pain. The hot modified method, in particular, provided the most consistent pain relief, underscoring the potential of advanced obturation methods in enhancing patient recovery and comfort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sealer-based and hot modified methods significantly reduced postoperative pain compared to traditional techniques. These findings support the clinical adoption of innovative bioceramic sealer techniques to optimize pain management and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"273-283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of dental students' preferences and satisfaction with procedures and outcomes using resin 3D-printing and conventional methods for provisional restoration fabrication.","authors":"Leonardo Mohamad Nassani, Sompop Bencharit, Fernanda Schumacher, Nicholas Anthony Mandarano, Lauren Ann Place, Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes","doi":"10.17219/dmp/203641","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/203641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The integration of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) into dental curricula has enabled students to learn crown preparation using both CAD/CAM technology and the conventional methods, as well as to compare the accuracy of onlay designs and the overall quality of restorations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of a comprehensive CAD/CAM exercise on second-year dental students' perceptions of the digital workflow for provisional indirect restoration fabrication as compared to the conventional provisional restoration fabrication techniques.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The inclusion criteria comprised second-year dental students who completed both the practical activity and the survey. Students who did not complete either the practical activity or the survey were excluded. The exercise simulated a clinical scenario in a pre-clinical simulation laboratory, using a typodont model. Students prepared 2 first molar teeth for a non-metallic onlay restoration - tooth 36, using the conventional method, and tooth 46, using a three-dimensional (3D) printer. A seven-item questionnaire was developed to evaluate areas of interest, including technique preference, satisfaction with the fit of the restoration, its anatomy, interproximal contacts, the intaglio surface, occlusal adjustments, and the ease of polishing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 125 students (52.74%) completed the proposed activity. Among the variables examined, only the interproximal contacts of the 3D-printed onlays demonstrated statistical significance (p = 0.0178). Significant differences between the conventional and 3D-printing methods were observed across several survey parameters, including preference, fit, anatomy, interproximal contacts (within each cohort), the intaglio surface, and occlusal aspects (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CAD/CAM provisional indirect restorations were rated better by second-year students than the provisional restorations fabricated using the conventional method.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147948057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Papilla characteristics and gingival exhibit in the interdental and gingival smile line: An age- and gender-based evaluation.","authors":"Rajashri Abhay Kolte, Abhay Pandurang Kolte, Shefali Paresh Mangrolia","doi":"10.17219/dmp/181531","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/181531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The interdental papillae, constrained within the complex configuration of interproximal embrasures, play a significant role in dental esthetics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate papilla characteristics and gingival exhibit in the interdental smile line (ISL) and the gingival smile line (GSL) with reference to age and gender.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 120 periodontally healthy patients aged 20-60 years were equally divided into 4 groups: group I - male patients aged 20-40 years; group II - female patients aged 20-40 years; group III - male patients aged 41-60 years; and group IV - female patients aged 41-60 years. The maxillary anterior teeth and the corresponding gingival tissues were evaluated for papilla height (PH), gingival thickness (GT), gingival exhibit in ISL (visible interdental papillae on smiling - VIG) and GSL (visible midfacial gingiva on smiling - VMG), and the papilla presence index (PPI) scores through both clinical examination and digital photographic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean values of PH, VIG and VMG were higher in groups II and IV, whereas GT showed lower values in these groups. The VIG values for groups I and II were 1.87 ±1.83 mm and 3.47 ±1.88 mm, respectively, while groups III and IV demonstrated values of 1.05 ±1.70 mm and 2.73 ±2.40 mm, respectively. Age-based comparisons revealed reduced values for all evaluated parameters in the older age groups. The PPI scores demonstrated a predominance of PPI-1 in groups I, II and III, whereas group IV predominantly exhibited PPI-2 scores. Regarding the smile line characteristics, a low GSL (LGSL) was predominantly observed across all groups irrespective of gender, while a low ISL (LISL) was more common in groups I and III, and a high ISL (HISL) predominated in groups II and IV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gender-related variability was evident in the parameters of PH, VIG and VMG, which demonstrated considerably higher mean values in groups II and IV (females), whereas GT exhibited lower values in these groups. Age-related changes were observed in PH, VIG, VMG, and GT, with a notable reduction in the mean values among the older age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"357-364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147927393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic challenge in periodontics: The need for clarity when multiple periodontal and peri-implant diseases coexist - what is the course of action?","authors":"Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes","doi":"10.17219/dmp/216410","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/216410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving diagnostic precision in periodontology and implantology is essential for better patient care, scientific advancement and study consistency, while always considering the worst-case scenario for diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"267-271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a platform switch and a laser-microgrooved coronal design on short dental implants: A multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Renzo Guarnieri, Luca Savio, Alessandro Bermond Des Ambrois, Paolo Ghensi, Francesco Zuffetti, Rodolfo Reda, Dario Di Nardo, Luca Testarelli","doi":"10.17219/dmp/192213","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/192213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The presence of severe atrophy in proximity to the maxillary sinus or the inferior alveolar nerve is a primary indication for the use of short dental implants. The placement of standard-length implants in such cases often requires complex regenerative procedures, leading to prolonged healing time and an increased invasiveness of the surgical procedure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate crestal bone remodeling, implant success, complications, and implantand patient-related risk factors associated with the use of short, platform-switched dental implants with a laser-microgrooved collar for prosthetic rehabilitation of atrophic posterior jaws.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study involved a chart review of medical records from 5 private dental clinics. Variables such as age, sex, smoking, periodontal disease, systemic diseases, medications, anatomical location, implant diameter and length, crown-to-implant ratio, and type of placement were collected. A total of 132 short implants placed in 84 patients were analyzed, with a follow-up of 3-5 years (mean (M): 4.2 ±0.8 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight short implants failed, including 62.5% of those affected by peri-implantitis. The implantlevel and patient-level success rates were 93.9% and 95.0%, respectively. The mean crestal bone loss (CBL) was 0.385 ±0.7 mm. Univariate regression analysis revealed that female sex, smoking status and periodontal disease were significantly associated with implant success at both the implant and patient levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Platform-switched short implants with a laser-microgrooved coronal design demonstrated high success rates in atrophic posterior jaws after 3-5 years of function, with stable crestal bone levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"295-302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in anterior teeth after treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances, measured with cone-beam computed tomography: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Renata Samulak, Małgorzata Tomasik, Nanxi Tao, Bartłomiej Górski, Maciej Mularczyk, Monika Machoy","doi":"10.17219/dmp/207333","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/207333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is a common complication of orthodontic treatment. Clear aligners (CA) are thought to deliver lighter, intermittent forces than fixed appliances (FA), potentially reducing the extent of root resorption. However, comparative evidence remains limited, particularly from studies using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).This meta-analysis aimed to compare anterior tooth root resorption following treatment with CA vs. FA in patients with similar malocclusions, using CBCT-based linear measurements.A systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were eligible if they included patients older than 14 years with fully developed anterior roots and comparable malocclusion severity, and if they used CBCT to assess changes in the root length before and after treatment with either CA or FA. The random-effects meta-regression model was used to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) in root resorption. Subgroup analyses were performed according to tooth type and extraction status.Four high-quality cohort studies, comprising a total of 1,204 anterior teeth, met the inclusion criteria. Root resorption was significantly lower in the CA group than in the FA group (WMD: -0.47 mm; 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.40 vs. WMD: -0.54 mm; 95% CI: -0.75 to -0.33; p < 0.01). The difference was most pronounced in non-extraction cases involving the maxillary central incisors.Clear aligners are associated with significantly less anterior root resorption than FA in patients with comparable malocclusions. Although the absolute difference is modest, CA may represent a favorable treatment option for patients at increased risk of OIIRR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"63 2","pages":"497-508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}