Dental and Medical Problems最新文献

{"title":"Effect of coating fillers with HEMA-phosphate copolymer on the mechanical properties of an experimental composite resin.","authors":"Niusha Golbari, Azam Valian, Farhood Najafi","doi":"10.17219/dmp/134147","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/134147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The water sorption and hydrolysis of silane over time can compromise the filler-resin matrix interface and cause the mechanical degradation of composite resins. The use of hydrophobic polymers for the surface treatment of fillers may improve the mechanical properties and durability of composites.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to assess the effect of the surface treatment of fillers with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-phosphate copolymer on the mechanical properties of an experimental composite resin.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this in vitro experimental study, HEMA-phosphate copolymer was synthesized and coupled with nano-silica powder. To assess the presence of the copolymer coating on the fillers, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed. The fillers treated with different percentages of HEMA-phosphate copolymer were mixed with the resin matrix to fabricate experimental composites. The three-point flexural strength, microhardness and degree of conversion (DC) of 78 fabricated composite specimens were measured. Data was analyzed with the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and TGA confirmed the attachment of the copolymer to the nano-silica filler for the synthesis of the composites. Group 1 (control) showed the maximum and group 6 showed the minimum hardness. Hardness decreased with an increase in the percentage of copolymer in the study groups. The maximum and minimum flexural strength and DC were noted in group 6 and the control group, respectively. Increasing the percentage of copolymer and its combination with silane non-linearly increased the flexural strength and DC of the experimental composites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing the percentage of HEMA-phosphate copolymer with/without silane for the coating of fillers improved the mechanical properties of the experimental composites, particularly their flexural strength and DC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of the relationship between Schneiderian membrane thickness and periodontitis severity using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).","authors":"Sathyavalli Veluri, Sruthima Naga Venkata Satya Gottumukkala, Gautami Penmetsa, Ramesh Santosh Venkata Konathala, Geetanjali Darna, Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Satyanarayana Raju Mantena","doi":"10.17219/dmp/147105","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/147105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the close proximity of maxillary molars to the maxillary sinuses, the bacteria at the root tip region of the sinus can quickly access the maxillary sinus. This can result in maxillary sinus mucosal inflammation and thickening of the Schneiderian membrane.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the thickness of the maxillary sinus membrane and to correlate this thickening with the severity of periodontitis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The CBCT data of 231 patients, with a mean age of 40.59 years, was assessed to evaluate the mucosal thickness (MT), the remaining height of the alveolar bone (RHAB), the type of periodontitis, the type of defect, and the extent of bone loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When RHAB was ≤4 mm, mucosal thickening was evident in the majority of the images (128 (89.5%); p = 0.000). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the probability of MT increase is proportionate to the severity of periodontal disease (odds ratio (OR): 9.179, confidence interval (CI): 2.831-29.761; p = 0.000). First molars were most frequently associated with mucosal thickening (OR: 1.050, CI: 0.311-3.541; p = 0.009). Additionally, mucosal thickening was more evident on the sinus floor in cases where RHAB was less than 4 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increase in MT is associated with the severity and distribution of periodontal disease, particularly with horizontal defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the personality traits in subjects in need of orthodontic treatment using the Big Five model: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study.","authors":"Tarulatha Shyagali, Ajay Kubavat, Deepak Bhayya","doi":"10.17219/dmp/165799","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/165799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malocclusion can be regarded as a civilizational disease, and its psychological implications remain a subject of debate.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine different personality traits of the individuals with malocclusion using the Big Five personality trait model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on 260 individuals with malocclusion, aged 15-24 years. The subjects were examined for the dental health component (DHC) of the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) and graded by an expert orthodontist. The questionnaire contained 44 questions designed to evaluate various personality traits, namely extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness. The subjects were instructed to complete the questionnaire within a designated time frame of 10 min. The collected data was organized and scored. The individuals were then sorted into different categories of personality traits. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the collected data, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the difference between the IOTN grading and various personality traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the subjects demonstrated low levels of extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. In comparison to individuals with IOTN grade 1, those with grades 2 and 3 exhibited significantly higher levels of neuroticism (p < 0.005). The scores for the openness personality trait were moderate for all IOTN grades. Individuals with a high and moderate need for orthodontic treatment demonstrated elevated levels of neuroticism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A definite influence of malocclusion on the personality traits of an individual was observed. Subjects requiring more extensive orthodontic treatment exhibited a higher prevalence of neuroticism.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect flour and dental caries: Friends or foes?","authors":"Marta Mazur, Artnora Ndokaj, Ilaria Brugnoli, Martina Francescangeli, Tamara Moubayidin, Maciej Jedliński","doi":"10.17219/dmp/196883","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/196883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the cariogenic potential of insect flours, highlighting their nutritional benefits and sustainability, while emphasizing the need for further research on their impact on oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in bruxism management: A systematic review.","authors":"Sinda Yacoub, Gharbi Ons, Mehdi Khemiss","doi":"10.17219/dmp/186553","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/186553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections have emerged as a promising alternative for the management of bruxism. In this context, a systematic review of randomized controlled trials on the impact of BTX-A on patients with bruxism was conducted. A literature search of multiple online electronic databases (PubMed®, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)) was undertaken from their inception to February 1, 2024. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) included \"Botulinum Toxins\", \"Botulinum Toxins, Type A\", \"Bruxism\", and \"Sleep Bruxism\", which were combined with the Boolean operators \"AND\" and \"OR\". The methodological quality of each included study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. Reducing muscle pain and activity were assessed as primary outcomes, while the quality of sleep was considered as a secondary outcome. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was low in 10 studies and moderate in 2. Bilateral injections of BTX-A into the masseter, temporalis and medial pterygoid muscles were compared to saline injections, the use of occlusal splints and conventional treatment. Of the 12 studies, 6 reported a reduction in muscle activity recorded by rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) and electromyography (EMG) after the administration of BTX-A. In addition, 3 studies indicated that the intensity of muscle pain, measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), decreased significantly in individuals with bruxism who received BTX-A. Finally, 1 study highlighted improved sleep quality in patients with bruxism who were rehabilitated with a single-arch implant overdenture and received either BTX-A or occlusal appliances. Botulinum toxin type A can effectively reduce symptoms of bruxism. However, the included studies exhibited heterogeneity and methodological differences. Long-term follow-up studies with large sample sizes and the incorporation of repeated injections are necessary to further validate the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"145-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of systemic diseases in 82,363 patients at a dental school in San Luis Potosí, Mexico: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Saray Aranda Romo, Irma Yvonne Amaya-Larios, Karla López Macías, Francisco Javier Tejeda Nava, Arturo Garrocho Rangel, Alan Roger Dos Santos Silva, Cesar Carranza-López","doi":"10.17219/dmp/185608","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/185608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of medically compromised patients seeking dental care varies across different countries. There have been no published reports about this clinical topic in Mexico.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence of systemic diseases in patients who attended the Diagnostic Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí in Mexico from 2011 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was based on the analysis of electronic files from 82,363 medically compromised patients registered in the clinic during the aforementioned period. Each file was entered into an electronic medical record using the Microsoft Visual Basic.NET software and completed by an undergraduate student based on a personal interview. The collected information was then analyzed with the use of Stata 14 statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The global prevalence of medically compromised patients among the patient population was 39.1%. Comorbidities were more prevalent in female patients (71.9%) compared to male patients (28.1%). The most prevalent diseases in adults were gastrointestinal diseases (16.5%), arterial hypertension (14.1%) and diabetes mellitus (8.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a third of the registered cases, an associated comorbidity was identified. It is therefore necessary for dental undergraduate students to receive comprehensive training during their academic formation to facilitate the timely and accurate diagnosis of systemic diseases, as part of the dental care protocol for adult patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating changes in dental status among Polish older adults over a decade: A comparative analysis of PolSenior (2009) and PolSenior2 (2019) surveys.","authors":"Wojciech Dąbrowski, Kacper Jagiełło, Małgorzata Mossakowska, Klaudia Suligowska, Tomasz Roman Zdrojewski, Jerzy Chudek, Renata Górska","doi":"10.17219/dmp/196535","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/196535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aging global population poses new challenges to healthcare systems, including dental healthcare. This study analyzes the evolution of dental status within the aging population of Poland over the last pre-pandemic decade.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The goal of the study was to examine changes in dental health among Poland's aging population, with a specific focus on edentulism, partial tooth loss and functional dentition. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the influence of sociodemographic factors on oral health, assess the effectiveness of public health initiatives, and identify persistent inequities in oral health.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study utilized data from 2 representative population-based studies: the PolSenior (PS) (2008-2009); and the PolSenior2 (PS2) (2018-2019). The comparative analysis involved 4,773 (PS) and 4,627 (PS2) Polish adults aged more than 65 years. The participants were categorized based on the number of teeth present (0 - edentulism, 1-19 - partial tooth loss, ≥20 - functional dentition) and analyzed for various factors, including age, sex, education level, and place of residence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dental status of Polish older adults has improved over the past decade, with the prevalence of edentulism decreasing from 45.8% to 36.1%, and the proportion of individuals with functional dentition increasing from 6.0% to 15.0%. The prevalence of edentulism dropped from 49.4% to 40.5% among women and from 40.3% to 29.3% among men, while functional dentition increased 2.5-fold in both sexes. The most significant improvements were observed among the youngest seniors, with a reduction in edentulism and an increase in functional dentition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study indicate a notable improvement in dental status of Polish older adults, as evidenced by a decline in the prevalence of edentulism and an increase in functional dentition. The research underscores the persistent disparities related to basic needs in relation to sociodemographic factors in dental treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture resistance in severely damaged primary maxillary central incisors restored with glass fiber and composite posts: An in vitro study.","authors":"Fahimeh Kooshki, Helia Sadat Haeri Boroojeni, Fatemeh Shekarchi, Reyhaneh Rahimi","doi":"10.17219/dmp/158859","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/158859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A variety of non-metal prefabricated posts, including fiber posts, can be used as an alternative to metal posts due to their numerous feasible characteristics. Further research is necessary to assess physical and mechanical properties of restorations supported by intracanal posts in primary teeth.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to compare fracture resistance of maxillary central incisors that were extensively restored with glass fiber and composite posts.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 40 primary maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. Group 1 received conventional intracanal composite posts, group 2 was treated with prefabricated intracanal glass fiber posts, group 3 received precured intracanal composite posts, and group 4 was treated with intracanal lucent glass fiber posts. Crowns were restored using composite resin, and the specimens were subsequently exposed to 5,000 thermal cycles and progressive load at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The fracture resistance values were compared via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test for pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest fracture resistance was observed in the lucent post group (343.2 N), followed by the prefabricated glass fiber post (284.8 N), conventional composite post (270.3 N) and precured composite post (261.1 N) groups, respectively. A statistically significant difference in the mean fracture resistance was observed among the 4 groups (p < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed that the mean fracture resistance of the lucent post group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All of the intracanal posts provided apt fracture resistance and can be used to restore severely damaged primary maxillary central incisors. However, lucent posts demonstrated significantly higher levels of fracture resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"107-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the salivary levels of IL-18 and IL-35 in patients with periodontitis.","authors":"Surabhi Durgapal, Mamatha Shetty","doi":"10.17219/dmp/169387","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/169387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal disease is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory condition that can cause the destruction of supporting periodontal tissues. It has been hypothesized that while the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines causes tissue destruction and disease progression, anti-inflammatory cytokine production can result in protective immunity. The balance of inflammatory cytokines is central to the immunoregulation of the disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess and compare the salivary levels of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL‑35 in subjects diagnosed with gingivitis, periodontitis, and healthy individuals. Additionally, the study sought to evaluate the difference in the concentration of IL‑18 and IL‑35 after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in subjects diagnosed with periodontal disease.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 69 individuals were divided into 3 groups: healthy (group 1; n = 23); gingivitis (group 2; n = 23); and stage II periodontitis (group 3A; n = 23). Saliva samples were obtained from each participant at baseline and, in the periodontitis group, at baseline and 12 weeks after NSPT (group 3B; n = 23). Probing pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded and IL‑18 and IL‑35 levels were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean salivary level of IL‑18 was significantly higher in the gingivitis group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05), whereas the mean IL‑35 level was significantly higher in the healthy group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Twelve weeks after NSPT, the periodontitis group demonstrated a statistically significant difference in cytokine levels, characterized by a decline in the IL‑18 concentration (229.63 ±49.35 pg/mL) and an increase in the concentration of IL‑35 (29.47 ±17.88 pg/mL).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, a significant difference in the salivary levels of IL‑18 and IL‑35 before and after NSPT was observed. Therefore, these cytokines could serve as potential inflammatory biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":" ","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and clinical aspects of sodium hypochlorite accidents: A narrative review.","authors":"Annappa Raghavendra Vivekananda Pai","doi":"10.17219/dmp/171284","DOIUrl":"10.17219/dmp/171284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution is a widely used irrigant in endodontics. However, it is highly cytotoxic and can have destructive effects on surrounding tissues when it is not confined to the root canal during irrigation. The extrusion of NaOCl beyond the confines of the root canal into the surrounding tissues or anatomical spaces is known as a NaOCl accident. The NaOCl accident is a serious iatrogenic mishap that can lead to severe tissue damage and complications, which can be life-threatening and/or cause long-term or permanent consequences with medico-legal implications. Therefore, this narrative review was conducted to provide clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism and clinical aspects of NaOCl accidents. A literature search was conducted in various online databases using specific Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and key search terms. The review included all categories of articles dealing with the NaOCl accident and available as full text. Additionally, a manual method of search was conducted by screening references of the included articles. Duplicate articles and articles available only as abstracts were excluded from the review. The included articles were reviewed, analyzed and discussed according to the following sections: causative factors; mechanism; clinical categorization; clinical manifestations; diagnosis, including history, clinical assessment and examination, clinical investigation, and differential diagnoses; and treatment planning of NaOCl accidents. This would enable clinicians to recognize and manage NaOCl accidents in the best possible manner and minimize their serious consequences. Future research should prioritize the identification of solutions or measures to address the challenges associated with conducting clinical or in vivo studies on NaOCl irrigation and extrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":11191,"journal":{"name":"Dental and Medical Problems","volume":"62 1","pages":"173-185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}