Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Evidence on protective factors for dementia and cognitive impairment in older adults: an umbrella review.","authors":"Stefano Sacchetti, Giulia Locatelli, Daniele Altomare, Antonio Guaita, Elena Rolandi","doi":"10.1159/000545503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dementia represents a global public health challenge, and no conclusive evidence exists on how to prevent its onset or at least reduce the risk. This umbrella review aims to identify interventions or exposures that can reduce the incidence of dementia or cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of meta-analyses and systematic reviews published from 2018 to 2025 (January) was conducted across four databases. Articles assessing associations between interventions or exposures to protective factors and incidence of dementia or cognitive decline in non-demented older adults were selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 6,324 articles, 177 underwent full-text screening, and 17 were included. They showed that psychosocial factors (social engagement, purpose in life, life satisfaction, and cognitive reserve) and influenza vaccination protect against dementia. Evidence on antihypertensives is promising, while evidence on low-dose aspirin is promising yet inconclusive. No clear results emerged for both single- and multi-domain lifestyle interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results offer new insight on potential targets for dementia prevention, a global public health priority. In particular, favorable psychosocial factors and influenza vaccination, undervalued in the scientific debate on dementia prevention, emerged as promising and feasible targets for preventive initiatives. Future research should focus on fine-tuning interventions to promote brain health, exploring their underlying mechanisms, and developing targeted and personalized strategies for specific population subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between depressive symptoms and mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in China: a community-based study.","authors":"Ningling Dai, Yun Sun, Shifu Xiao, Haiya Wang","doi":"10.1159/000545327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elderly individuals with depressive symptoms often show increased susceptibility to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study explores the association between depressive symptoms and MCI among older adults in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Shanghai Brain Aging Study (SBAS) were used in this cross-sectional study. MCI was diagnosed through clinical assessments and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores (≤23). Depressive symptoms were defined as a Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score >10. Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between depressive symptoms and MCI, adjusting for potential covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 1506 participants, with 43.6% diagnosed with MCI. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between depressive symptoms and MCI. In the fully adjusted model, depressive symptoms were associated with a 65% higher likelihood of MCI (odds ratio: 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-2.34). RCS analysis indicated a significant non-linear relationship between depressive symptoms and MCI (P for non-linear = 0.029). Participants with depressive symptoms scored significantly lower on the MoCA subscores for visuospatial and executive function, as well as language abilities (all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate a significant association between depressive symptoms and MCI, with depressive symptoms being linked to a higher prevalence of MCI. Early identification and intervention of depressive symptoms, including community screening, psychological therapies, or pharmacological treatments for older adults, may potentially mitigate cognitive decline. However, the cross-sectional design limits causal conclusions, and generalizability may be affected by self-reported depression measures and regional sampling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of CogMate™ and the MMSE: A new tool for assessing the cognitive function of community-dwelling older people.","authors":"Yi-Wen Chiu, Po-Chun Hsieh, Kuang-Hsi Chang, Shang-Chien Huang, Hui-Chu Chuang","doi":"10.1159/000545379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Cognitive decline causes disability and dependence in older people, affecting the individuals, families and society. This study aimed to use a gamified smart test, the CogMate™, to measure the cognitive function of community-dwelling older people and compare the test with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methods We recruited 150 older people for testing with two cognitive assessment tools, the MMSE and CogMate™. After completing data collection, we conducted descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Results The MMSE results showed that only 38% (n=57) of participants had normal cognitive function and their mean brain age was 79.31±9.00 years, 4.41 years more than the actual mean age. Common factors affecting both MMSE and CogMate™ included age, education level, marital status, and health status. The weighted kappa of the MMSE and CogMate™ scores for two categories (participants with normal and impaired cognitive function) showed moderate consistency (correlation coefficient, 0.522) and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient showed moderately significant positive correlation (r=0.480). The CogMate™ brain age and difference in brain age test results showed moderately significant negative correlation with the MMSE results. Receiver operator character curve analysis using the MMSE for validation yielded an area under the curve value of 0.736, showing that the CogMate™ tool had good cognitive function prediction results. Conclusions CogMate™ is an interesting and simple gamified tool that demonstrates moderate consistency with the MMSE. It can replace the MMSE as a community cognitive screening tool, help community care centers, and identify older people with potential cognitive decline early for referral to interventional medical centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000543699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543699","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between White Matter Hyperintensity Volume Analyzed from Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Using a Fully Automated Analysis Software and Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Ryuya Okawa, Norio Hayashi, Tetsuhiko Takahashi, Go Yasui, Ban Mihara","doi":"10.1159/000544083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000544083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is associated with cognitive impairment, although the clinical significance of WMH remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the clinical significance of WMH volume and whether a fully automated quantitative analysis of WMH would be an effective marker of cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with suspected cognitive impairment were retrospectively examined. Clinical data, including patient information, neuropsychological examinations, diagnoses of dementia disorders, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, were collected. Patient information included sex, age, and educational level. Neuropsychological examinations included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). WMH volumes were analyzed from FLAIR images using a fully automatic analysis software. The relationship between WMH volume and clinical data was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WMH volume was analyzed using 889 FLAIR cases. The WMH volume did not differ significantly between the sexes. WMH volume showed a positive correlation with age. Multiple comparison tests showed no significant difference in WMH volume between junior high school and high school graduates, but all other differences were significant. Multiple comparison tests revealed significant differences in mean WMH volume among all groups in the classified MMSE. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed significant differences in WMH volume between the two groups. Multiple comparison tests revealed significant differences in WMH volume among all the groups of classified diagnostic results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quantitative analysis of WMH volume from FLAIR images may provide useful information for dementia treatment and may be effective as a new marker in cognitive function examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostics and Ecological Validity of the Italian Version of the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale.","authors":"Alfonsina D'Iorio, Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Carmine Vitale, Marianna Amboni, Federico Verde, Vincenzo Silani, Nicola Ticozzi, Andrea Ciammola, Barbara Poletti, Gabriella Santangelo","doi":"10.1159/000545090","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to assess the diagnostics and ecological validity of the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) within an Italian cohort of non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N = 128 non-demented PD patients were administered the PD-CRS, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Functioning Rating Scale (PD-CFRS). Receiver-operating characteristic analyses were performed to explore the diagnostics of both raw and adjusted PD-CRS scores, by operationalizing the positive state as a below-cut-off MoCA score. Correlational analyses were run to test the ecological validity of the PD-CRS against the PD-CFRS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both raw and adjusted PD-CRS scores accurately identified patients with a defective MoCA scores (AUC = 0.84-0.85), yielding optimal diagnostics. A cut-off of <73.93, as identified on demographically adjusted PD-CRS scores, yielded the best diagnostics (sensitivity = 0.70; specificity = 0.89; positive and negative predictive values = 0.83 and 0.79; positive and negative likelihood ratios: 6.23 and 0.37: number needed for screening utility: 0.78). The PD-CRS was related to the PD-CFRS (rs = -0.24; p = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Italian PD-CRS is a diagnostically sound and ecologically valid screener for cognitive impairment in non-demented PD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Perspectives: A European Survey on Clinical Decision Support Tools for Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Ini Umoh, Xin Xia, Bengt Winblad, Sandar Aye, Emil Aho, Hanneke F M Rhodius-Meester, Linus Jönsson","doi":"10.1159/000544801","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Technological advancements like digital monitoring tools, disease-modifying therapies, and artificial intelligence have been shown to improve the clinical management of neurocognitive diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). To enhance implementation in daily practice, users' input is essential in the technology development process. This study aimed to determine clinician's perspective of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) in the management of dementia and AD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A survey was conducted targeting clinicians practicing in the field of dementia across Europe. A sixty-five-item digital questionnaire was administered, and opinions were inquired across the domains of diagnosis, disease-modifying therapy, and prognosis, including factors that affect tool implementation and utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-four clinicians (including specialist physicians, psychologists, and nurses) responded to this survey, and more than 50% had no knowledge or experience with CDSS. Most of the respondents reported the ability to predict the likelihood of AD as the most important diagnostic function. It was surprising to find the middling responses for the ability to predict amyloid positivity. The majority indicated assessment of treatment eligibility for disease-modifying therapy as vital, and the ability to predict cognitive and functional decline as the most important prognostic functions. Data accuracy and ease of use were noted as most necessary to facilitate CDSS adoption and implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study contribute to the future development of CDSS in this field, especially regarding the approval and imminent use of disease-modifying therapies, a comprehensive tool that is precise and user friendly would improve clinical decisions and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity in United States Dementia Prevention Trials: An Updated Systematic Review of Eligibility Criteria and Recruitment Strategies.","authors":"Najoua Lazaar, Sabine E Van Beek, Awaale F Rirash, Janne M Papma, Jaime Perales-Puchalt, Ashley R Shaw, Eric D Vidoni, Sanne Franzen","doi":"10.1159/000543905","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Given the elevated dementia risk in underrepresented demographic groups in the USA - particularly in Latino and Non-Latino Black individuals compared to Non-Latino White individuals - it is vital that these groups are well-represented in dementia prevention research. Eligibility criteria and recruitment strategies may play a key role in promoting participant diversity. The aim of this review was to examine eligibility criteria and recruitment strategies in US dementia prevention trials in light of participant diversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted using Medline (including PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. We explored the percent White participants for trials using versus not using a specific eligibility criterion or recruitment strategy using Hodges-Lehmann median difference estimation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of forty-four studies meeting the inclusion criteria, twenty-seven reported on racial/ethnic diversity. Analyses demonstrated that criteria regarding cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, hearing impairment, and sedentary lifestyle were associated with relatively high participant diversity, while gastro-intestinal/liver disease, motivation to participate, and language proficiency criteria were associated with relatively little diversity. Information on recruitment strategies was often lacking. Three studies described recruitment efforts explicitly aimed at increasing diversity. Recruitment strategies associated with relatively high racial/ethnic diversity included recruitment via referral/word-of-mouth, television/radio advertising, and recruitment at church.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eligibility criteria could be improved by revisiting and revising how they are defined (e.g., motivation to participate). Regarding recruitment, several recommendations are provided, including (1) lifting barriers to study participation (e.g., through reimbursement), (2) collaborating with community partners, and (3) formally studying the effectiveness of recruitment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Neuroimaging Correlates of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Meghan K Ramirez, Connor J Phipps, Daniel L Murman, Janelle N Beadle, Vaishali S Phatak, David E Warren","doi":"10.1159/000543160","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as increased apathy, affective symptoms, psychosis and hyperactivity are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are associated with increased disease severity and caregiver burden. In contrast to well-characterized associations between AD-related cognitive deficits and focal neuropathology (e.g., memory and hippocampal atrophy), fewer studies have focused on associations between NPS-brain associations in AD. Furthermore, studies focusing on magnetic resonance imaging measures of gray matter (GM) abnormalities associated with NPS in AD have not been systematically reviewed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this gap, a systematic literature review was undertaken to identify articles that assessed structural brain differences associated with NPS in AD. This review identified 29 such articles that tested associations between NPS and gray matter loss (GML: reduced GM density, reduced GM volume, decreased cortical thickness, etc.).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all NPS, most symptoms were associated with GML in the prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe, highlighting key limbic/limbic adjacent structures including orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal regions. Other regions exhibiting associations included the superior and middle temporal gyri as well as anterior and posterior cingulate cortex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding how GM changes in the brain relate to NPS in AD may not only improve our understanding of NPS and AD but may also provide help identify homologies/correspondence with brain changes in psychiatric diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Analysis of Objective and Self-Reported Cognitive Functions in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Seon Young Ryu, Chunghwee Lee, SeongHee Ho, Yun Jeong Hong, Jee Hyang Jeong, Kee Hyung Park, Min Jeong Wang, Seong Hye Choi, SangYun Kim, Dong Won Yang","doi":"10.1159/000543230","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent research suggests that subtle cognitive changes in SCD are linked to an increased risk of clinical decline. This study investigates the longitudinal trajectories of both objective and self-reported cognitive functions in individuals with SCD, with a focus on the impact of subtle cognitive impairment (SCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 107 individuals with SCD, with at least two annual follow-ups, were included in this study. We analyzed the trajectories of both objective and subjective cognitive functions, assessed changes in medial temporal lobe regional volumes, and compared baseline AD biomarkers between SCD individuals with SCI (n = 22, SCI group) and without SCI (n = 85).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCD individuals with SCI showed a faster decline in objective cognitive function over time compared to those without SCI, who exhibited cognitive improvement. Self-reported cognitive complaints showed no differences between groups at baseline or in annual changes over time. The SCI group had lower baseline entorhinal cortical volumes and greater volume reductions over time and also exhibited more abnormalities in AD biomarkers, including higher amyloid PET positivity, a lower Aβ 42/40 ratio, and elevated p-tau181.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SCI status in SCD individuals is associated with significant cognitive decline, along with more abnormal AD biomarkers. These findings suggest that early identification of SCI status in individuals with SCD may improve the prediction of cognitive decline. However, self-reported cognitive complaints may have a limited role in monitoring clinical changes in SCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}