Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Location matters: Attributing cognitive symptoms to white matter hyperintensities in 3,481 memory clinic patients.","authors":"Ewoud J van der Lelij, Mirthe Coenen, Floor A S de Kort, Hugo J Kuijf, Frederik Barkhof, Josephine Barnes, Esther van den Berg, Thomas Benke, Christopher P L H Chen, Peter Dal-Bianco, Charles DeCarli, Marco Duering, Christian Enzinger, Michael Ewers, Lieza G Exalto, Nicolai Franzmeier, Saima Hilal, Edith Hofer, Huiberdina L Koek, Pauline Maillard, Cheryl R McCreary, Henk Mutsaerts, Janne M Papma, Ross W Paterson, Jonathan M Schott, Ming Ann Sim, Catherine F Slattery, Eric E Smith, Carole H Sudre, Betty M Tijms, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Meike Willemijn Vernooij, Everard Vijverberg, Frank Wolters, Xu Xin, J Matthijs Biesbroek, Alberto De Luca, Geert-Jan Biessels","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>In memory clinic patients, assessing diagnostic relevance of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), as a marker to explain cognitive deficits, can be challenging. Here, we aimed to quantify this relevance by measuring the variance in cognitive function they explain, and consider, beyond total WMH volume, WMH location in specific tracts and normative WMH values.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed previously pooled and harmonized individual patient data (n=3,481, 71±9 years old, 50% females) from 11 international memory clinic cohorts from the Meta-VCI-Map consortium. Cognitive function was assessed in 4 domains: attention and executive function, information processing speed, verbal memory and language. We measured WMH volumes in 20 white matter tracts. These were also norm-adjusted for age and sex, using normative WMH values from 14,876 community-dwelling individuals. Explained variance in cognitive function was measured for demographics only (age, sex and education) and demographics combined with total WMH volume, tract-specific WMH volumes and norm-adjusted and tract-specific WMH z-scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beyond demographics, total and tract-specific WMH volumes explained significantly more variance in attention and executive functioning (ΔR2total=3.7%, 95%CI=[3.3%;4.1%], ΔR2tracts=6.2%, 95%CI=[5.6%;6.7%]) and verbal memory (ΔR2total=3.6%, 95%CI=[3.2%;3.9%], ΔR2tracts=8.0%, 95%CI=[7.5%;8.6%]). In processing speed, tract-specific (ΔR2=2.5%, 95%CI=[2.1%;3.0%]) -but not total- WMH volumes explained more variance than demographics. Norm-adjusting tract-specific volumes explained no additional variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering location of WMHs increased their diagnostic relevance, compared to total volume, explaining more variance in attention and executive function, processing speed and verbal memory. This advocates considering WMH location beyond total volume as a diagnostic marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait-Based Machine Learning Model for Detecting Prevalent Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Chinese Adults: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yutao Lin, Yafei Wu, Junmin Zhu, Siyu Duan, Huanglong Chen, Ya Fang","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Detection of prevalent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is difficult. We tested whether adding gait features to clinical variables improved prevalent MCI classification among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 266 older adults. A Kinect sensor was used to capture skeletal trajectories, from which spatiotemporal, variability, asymmetry, center-of-gravity stability, and kinematic range-of-motion features were computed. MCI was assessed by Petersen's criteria. Machine learning algorithms, trained using three predictor sets (clinical-only, gait-only, and a fused set combining both), were employed to predict prevalent MCI, with performance evaluated primarily using the area under the ROC curve (AUROC), supplemented by the area under the PR curve (AUPRC), etc. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used to identify key predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 76 MCI and 190 cognitively normal (mean age 74.9 years, 73.2% women). The optimal model for clinical-only set was neural network, achieving an AUROC of 0.687 (SD: 0.081) and an AUPRC of 0.526 (SD: 0.111). For gait-only set, logistic regression performed best, with corresponding values of 0.813 (SD: 0.060) and 0.636 (SD: 0.122). Feature fusion yielded the best performance: LightGBM model attained an AUROC of 0.819 (SD: 0.070) and an AUPRC of 0.656 (SD: 0.118), with an accuracy of 0.776 (SD: 0.056), sensitivity of 0.596 (SD: 0.128), and specificity of 0.846 (SD: 0.057). SHAP analysis of the LightGBM identified step length asymmetry, step length variability and velocity as key predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Markerless depth-camera gait assessment showed potential in identifying prevalent MCI, which needs to be validated in external cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uniform Dataset 3 Neuropsychological Battery: Czech Normative Study of a Battery assessing cognitive functioning in older adults.","authors":"Martin Cihák, Ondrej Bezdicek, Hana Horáková, Jirí Motýl, Martin Vyhnálek, Tomáš Nikolai","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Uniform Data Set Neuropsychological Battery, version 3 (UDSNB 3), is a comprehensive, non-proprietary tool designed to assess cognitive domains relevant to neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to establish Czech norms for the UDSNB 3, including the Lewy body disease module, using continuous norming methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A normative sample of 171 cognitively healthy adults aged 50 - 95 years was recruited. Participants completed the Czech adaptation of the UDSNB 3. Continuous norming was performed using a semi-parametric approach. Education and age effects were examined, and selected scores were compared with previous Czech normative studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive performance generally declined with age across measures. Compared to previous Czech normative studies, differences were small and inconsistent across tests.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The present study provides the first Czech normative data for UDSNB 3 using continuous norming approach, supporting its clinical applicability. Continuous norming appears to be a viable approach for developing norms in contexts of countries with limited resources or smaller populations, where collecting large stratified samples of older adults can be difficult.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptom-Guided Blood Biomarker Testing for Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Matthew D Howe, Benjamin S Zide, Kaleen Hayes, Daliah Ross, Megan S Barker, Zachary J Kunicki, James Rudolph, Edward Huey","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Blood-based biomarkers can accurately detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, but symptom-guided testing approaches are understudied. This study evaluated the utility of early symptom and biomarker changes in predicting cognitive decline due to AD. Methods We analyzed data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-2 (development, n=603) and -3 (validation, n=378). The primary outcome was 4-year progression to mild cognitive impairment or dementia associated with amyloid-beta neuropathology. Machine learning estimated baseline symptom burden from subjective ratings. Logistic regression calculated area under the curve (AUC), relative risk, and time-to-event. Results Symptom burden predicted clinical progression (AUC=0.79), which further improved with blood biomarkers (AUC=0.90). Participants with elevated symptoms and biomarkers had a progression incidence of 72.1% and a 19-fold higher progression risk. Findings replicated in validation. Conclusion Findings underscore the potential of pairing symptoms and biomarkers to more efficiently and accurately detect AD cases at risk of clinical progression. Trial Parent study registrations: NCT01231971; NCT02854033.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Levetiracetam Combined with Sodium Valproate (Oral) in the Treatment of Senile Epilepsy and Its Effects on Cognitive Function, Inflammatory Factors and Neurotransmitters.","authors":"Yaoyuan Zhang, Xia Hou, Xiaofan Chen, Haifeng Ma, Fan Zhang, Xiaochun Chen","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of levetiracetam combined with oral sodium valproate in elderly patients with epilepsy and to assess its effects on cognitive function, inflammatory markers, and neurotransmitter levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy elderly patients with epilepsy treated between January and December 2021 were randomly assigned to a study group receiving levetiracetam plus sodium valproate or a control group receiving sodium valproate alone, with 35 patients in each group. Seizure frequency and duration, cognitive function assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, serum inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin six, neurotransmitters including serotonin and dopamine, and overall clinical efficacy were compared between groups after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the two groups. After treatment, seizure frequency and seizure duration were significantly reduced in the combination therapy group compared with the control group. Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores were significantly higher in the combination group. Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin six levels were significantly decreased, while serotonin and dopamine levels were significantly increased in the study group. The total clinical effective rate in the combination therapy group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and all differences reached statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Levetiracetam combined with sodium valproate demonstrated superior comprehensive efficacy in the treatment of senile epilepsy. This regimen effectively improved seizure control, cognitive function, inflammatory status, and neurotransmitter balance, supporting its value as a reliable therapeutic option for elderly patients with epilepsy under routine clinical conditions and standardized hospital treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informant Presence Fails to Enhance Alzheimer's Diagnosis in Complex Veteran Cases.","authors":"Maureen K O Apos Connor, Brandon Frank, Hannah H Noah, Samantha K Harrington, Emily E Metcalf, Renee DeCaro, Ana Vives-Rodriguez, Brenna Hagan, Samantha Atlas, Landon Hurley, Katherine W Turk, Andrew E Budson","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Informant reports are thought helpful for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. We hypothesized that informants would improve diagnostic accuracy, operationalized as agreement between clinical impression and amyloid PET (aPET) findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a retrospective analysis of 168 Veterans referred for aPET due to diagnostic uncertainty or atypical presentation (Mage=69.3, SD=5.8). We examined the association between diagnostic accuracy and presence of an informant, patient's MoCA score, and informant type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no evidence that informant presence was associated with diagnostic accuracy (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.48, 1.72), that this association varied by patient cognitive status as measured by MoCA (interaction OR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.97, 1.33), or that diagnostic accuracy differed by informant type (spouse/partner: OR = 1.23, 95% CI 0.55, 2.79; other: OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.29, 2.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest informant presence does not necessarily enhance diagnostic accuracy for complex AD presentations. This highlights the continued value of aPET imaging in complex clinical presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety Symptoms and Risk of Dementia Progression in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"David Fresnais, Brynjar Fure","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/dem/aciag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anxiety is among the earliest and most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitive impairment. Emerging evidence suggests that anxiety may elevate the risk of cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to quantitatively synthesize evidence from cohort studies on the association between anxiety symptoms and dementia conversion in MCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was performed in Medline and other relevant databases to find cohort studies examining the association between anxiety symptoms and dementia progression in MCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen cohort studies were included in the systematic review, of which fourteen were included in meta-analyses. Anxiety was significantly associated with an increased risk of all cause dementia, HR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11-1.41; p < 0.001, and Alzheimer's disease, HR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.16-1.49; p < 0.001, while pooled odds ratios did not show a significant association OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.84-1.57; p = 0.39.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anxiety symptoms may be associated with an elevated risk of dementia conversion in MCI. Further large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to determine the strength and clinical importance of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Association between Day Service Use and Regular Memory Clinic Attendance in Alzheimer's Disease: A 3-Year Retrospective Observation of Completers.","authors":"Yasuyuki Honjo, Ippei Kawasaki, Kuniaki Nagai, Takuma Yuri, Hideaki Nakai, Shun Harada, Yoshiki Tamaru, Ippei Suganuma, Noriyuki Ogawa","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag006","DOIUrl":"10.1159/dem/aciag006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common progressive cognitive disease. Day services (DSs) are provided through the Japanese public nursing care system. This study examined the association between DS utilization and regular memory clinic attendance among patients with AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the association between DS utilization and duration of regular memory clinic attendance in 302 patients with AD during a 3-year period. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to attendance duration. We examined the association between DS utilization and attendance duration. Next, we evaluated the 3-year efficacy of anti-AD drugs alongside non-pharmacological therapies. Cognitive function was assessed using the Revised-Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in AD were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In bivariate analysis, attendance duration was significantly associated with age, number of family members, DS utilization, and first-visit scores for the NPI-Q, HDS-R, and MMSE. In Cox regression, DS non-utilization showed no significant association with regular attendance, though it trended toward higher dropout risk (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.69-2.25, p = 0.44). HDS-R and MMSE scores declined significantly over time across all groups, consistent with the typical disease course.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DS non-utilization warrants investigation in larger cohorts as a potential marker of attrition risk. While this association does not imply direct causality due to potential residual confounding, monitoring DS engagement might assist clinicians in identifying patients at higher risk of clinic dropout.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Riga Cognitive Screening Task (RiTa) in Older Adults with Varying Levels of Cognitive Functioning.","authors":"Kristine Sneidere-Pitersa, Zane Anna Litauniece, Agnese Ušacka, Anita Ilze Gulbe, Zigmunds Freibergs, Nauris Zdanovskis, Ainars Stepens, Kristine Martinsone","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag005","DOIUrl":"10.1159/dem/aciag005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive impairment remains underdetected in clinical practice, with prevalence estimates exceeding the official statistics. Most existing screening tools rarely extend beyond cognitive performance to capture the broader context of individual ageing, thus increasing the risk of misdiagnosis. Riga Cognitive Screening Task (RiTa) was developed to address these gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RiTa development and evaluation were conducted in three phases. The item development phase combined a literature review, exploratory factor analysis, and analysis of cognitive screening tools. Content validity was assessed by three experts, and face validity was assessed with nine older adults. 134 older adults (aged 51-92, M = 68.34, 35.8% male) participated in the pilot study. Cognition and protective factors were assessed with RiTa, while Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used for convergent validity. A subset of participants (n=107) underwent structural MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expert evaluations and participant interviews supported the content and face validity of RiTa. The Cognitive Assessment scale differentiated between diagnostic groups in most tasks, with the overall group effect remaining significant after adjustment for age and education. It also demonstrated strong convergent validity with MoCA. ROC analyses indicated solid discrimination between normal cognition and MCI and near-perfect discrimination for MNcI. Criterion validity was supported by strong correlations with medial temporal atrophy scores. The Protective Factors scale showed an emerging conceptual structure, but no significant association with cognitive performance in this pilot sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RiTa demonstrates encouraging validity as a multidomain screening tool. Further refinement of the Protective Factor scale and validation in larger samples are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Aging Clocks Associate with Cognitive Status More Strongly than Short-Term Cognitive Change: Evidence from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative.","authors":"Bowen Feng, Andy Gao, Jingyun Yang","doi":"10.1159/dem/aciag004","DOIUrl":"10.1159/dem/aciag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive impairment is a major source of disability in Parkinsonian disorders, yet biomarkers that distinguish cognitive status from cognitive decline remain limited. DNA methylation-based epigenetic aging (EA) measures capture complementary dimensions of biological aging, but it remains unclear whether they primarily reflect stable between-person differences in cognitive performance or longitudinal cognitive change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined associations between EA measures and global cognition in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort. Seven EA measures were derived from peripheral blood DNA methylation data, and cognition was assessed longitudinally using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Linear mixed-effects models included baseline-plus-change-from-baseline, within-person versus between-person decomposition, baseline clock-by-time interaction, and decline-focused sensitivity models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher EA was consistently associated with lower overall MoCA scores. In baseline-plus-change-from-baseline models, the analytic-baseline component showed the dominant signal, whereas the change-from-baseline terms were not significant after false discovery rate correction. In decomposition models, associations were concentrated in the between-person component, while within-person deviation terms were not significant. Secondary analyses were consistent with this pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blood-based EA measures may be more informative as markers of cognitive status than as markers of short-term cognitive progression. Larger studies with longer follow-up and more detailed domain-specific cognitive phenotyping are needed to clarify their longitudinal relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}