Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Multi-modal Cognitive Stimulation Program Improves Cognition and Quality of Life in Thai Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Phenphichcha Chuchuen, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Phot Dhammapeera","doi":"10.1159/000547310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a growing global health concern that increases dementia risk in older adults, including those in Thailand. Using an eight-session Multi-modal Cognitive Stimulation Program (MCSP) is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for slowing cognitive decline and improving cognition and quality of life (QOL).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of an eight-session MCSP on cognition and QOL in Thai older adults with MCI. Sixty-six participants were randomized into intervention (n=32) and control (n=34) groups. Cognitive assessments included the MMSE, CERAD, Color Trails Test, and Digit Span, alongside the QOL-AD. Principal component analysis was used to aggregate cognitive assessment scores. Demographic data were analyzed using chi-square and t-tests, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was employed for cognition and QOL outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the intervention, the MCSP group exhibited significantly higher cognitive and QOL scores than the control group. ANCOVA demonstrated that group, sex, age, education, and baseline scores significantly predicted changes in cognition and QOL outcomes. The intervention group showed significant improvements in overall cognition (F(1, 58) = 4.75, p = .033, ηp² = .076) and QOL (F(1, 58) = 6.05, p = .017, ηp² = .094).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An eight-session MCSP significantly improves cognition and QOL in Thai older adults with MCI, as assessed by a comprehensive cognitive battery and the QOL-AD, compared to a control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group live music reminiscence therapy for people with dementia: A mixed-method systematic review.","authors":"Shu Yi Chung, Justine Jian Ai Thong, Alwin Ru Kiet Wong, Heng Wei Moh, Ming Hao Lee, Shean Yih Soh, Donald Hong Huang Yeo, Kah Hui Yap","doi":"10.1159/000547312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Group music reminiscence therapy is often a preferred option for people with dementia owing to its efficacy in evoking autobiographical memories. Live music performances may further enhance interpersonal connections and social relationships, leading to a more meaningful participation. While an updated review on the efficacy of group music reminiscence therapy was published recently, only studies with pre-recorded music were included.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review focused on the effects of group live music reminiscence therapy on the cognition, behavioural and psychological symptoms, and quality of life of people with dementia. We conducted the initial search on September 1, 2024, following the PRIMA guidelines using PubMed and Scopus. We then re-run searches prior to the final analysis on March 20, 2025. We assessed risk of bias using Cochrane Collaboration's tool and assigned level of recommendations according to the American Academy of Neurology guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,846 articles, six studies involving 330 people with dementia and 10 caregivers were included. We assigned Level B recommendations for depression and anxiety in people with dementia. Findings on cognition, other behavioural and psychological symptoms, and quality of life were either limited or preliminary. Four studies reported qualitative findings and were synthesised into the following themes: 1) Psychological Well-being &amp; Improvements in Mood; 2) Engagement and Participation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Studies on group live music reminiscence therapy showed beneficial effects on depression and anxiety symptoms in people with dementia, while evidence for managing agitation and wandering, and improving quality of life of people with dementia remains scarce and generally inconclusive, warranting further investigations for meaningful clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Aysan Moeinafshar, Amir Reza Barati, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Mohammad Taha Pahlevan Fallahy, Alireza Soltani Khaboushan","doi":"10.1159/000547180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affects millions globally, with cognitive impairment as a significant non-motor complication. These cognitive changes, ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to severe dementia, drastically reduce quality of life and worsen prognosis. Early and accurate detection is critical for effective management and therapeutic interventions. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) offer novel solutions for diagnosing, predicting, and managing cognitive deficits in PD by integrating diverse data modalities, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, kinetic markers, and laboratory biomarkers. Prominent AI techniques, such as support vector machines, random forests, and convolutional neural networks have demonstrated high accuracy in analyzing multimodal data for cognitive profile prediction. Additionally, AI supports the development of personalized treatment strategies, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, and enhances accessibility through telemedicine initiatives. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in standardizing methodologies, improving model interpretability, and integrating AI tools into clinical practice. Overcoming these hurdles will require robust validation studies and multidisciplinary collaboration. This review examines the transformative role of AI in analyzing multimodal datasets to classify cognitive impairments, predict disease progression, and identify therapeutic targets, paving the way for personalized, patient-centered care in PD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Individual Neurocognitive Domains of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale to Detect Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Illiterate Population.","authors":"Nilton Custodio, Marco Malaga, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Rosa Montesinos, Diego Bustamante-Paytan, Fiorella Baca-Seminario, Juan Carlos Carbajal, Jose Carlos Huilca, David Lira, Junior Senador, Eder Herrera-Perez, Monica M Diaz, Serggio Lanata, Jorge O Alarcon","doi":"10.1159/000546517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brief cognitive tests like the RUDAS are useful for early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, especially in low-literacy populations in low- and middle-income countries. This study assesses the diagnostic performance of the RUDAS by subdomains to detect MCI and dementia in illiterate individuals in Lima, Peru.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a secondary analysis of a cohort of randomly selected illiterate individuals, recruited for validation of RUDAS in Lima, Peru. We compared the RUDAS domain and total scores to a battery of neuropsychological tests (FDS, BDS, ROCF, MINT and Craft 21) using a Spearman correlation coefficient. For diagnostic performance, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) for each RUDAS domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 187 patients (64 controls, 60 MCI, and 63 dementia patients). Average RUDAS score was 23.87 ± 0.93, 20.43 ± 1.39, and 14.97 ± 2.21, respectively. Differences were statistically significant between groups for all domains, except for ideomotor praxis and visuo-spatial praxis. For convergent validity, most significant correlations from the bivariate analysis remained in the age-adjusted regression, particularly for praxis, memory, and judgment. The total RUDAS score had an AUC of 98% (95% CI: 96-100%) for both MCI and dementia, by domains, judgment, verbal fluency, and memory AUC ranging from 0.7 to 0.8.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed the RUDAS domains of visuo-spatial orientation and memory had an excellent diagnostic performance for the detection of dementia. However, further research is needed to validate the use of individual RUDAS items for assessing specific cognitive domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between age and cognitive subtypes of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.","authors":"Bruna Seixas-Lima, Malcolm Binns, Sandra E Black, Morris Freedman, Sanjeev Kumar, Durjoy Lahiri, Carlos Tyler Roncero, Stephen Strother, David F Tang-Wai, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Howard Chertkow","doi":"10.1159/000547124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to identify cognitive subgroups of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer syndrome) and related dementias and test if age of presentation influences patterns of cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were individuals with mild cognitive impairment (n=360), vascular mild cognitive impairment (n=73), Alzheimer syndrome (n=127), vascular dementia (n=32), mixed dementia (n=23), and healthy controls (n=305). Principal Component analysis was run on 25 cognitive variables measured by the Toronto Cognitive Assessment (TorCA). We used hierarchical clustering to identify cognitive subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified seven subgroups. The youngest group was characterized by the lowest scores on the overall TorCA mean, and also on Executive Function, Visuospatial function and Attention, while showing the highest scores on Memory, Orientation, and Language. The oldest clusters had low scores on Memory and Orientation, but higher scores on Attention. The intermediary clusters had similar age and severity distributions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrate that patterns of cognitive impairment are different in different age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Present Differently in Individuals with Different High-Risk States of Dementia.","authors":"Alvin Keng, Daniel Kapustin, Clement Ma, Kathleen S Bingham, Corinne E Fischer, Linda Mah, Damien Gallagher, Meryl A Butters, Christopher R Bowie, Aristotle N Voineskos, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Alastair J Flint, Nathan Herrmann, Bruce G Pollock, Benoit H Mulsant, Tarek K Rajji, Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1159/000547061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in neurocognitive disorders. However, the differences in presentation of NPS in high-risk states for dementia such as mild neurocognitive disorder (Mild NCD) and remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the frequency and factor structure of NPS in Mild NCD, rMDD, and Mild NCD with rMDD (Mild NCD-rMDD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed baseline data from the multicenter Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia with Cognitive Remediation plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depression trial (NCT0238667). NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire in those with Mild NCD, rMDD, and Mild NCD-rMDD. We compared the NPS frequency and factor structure across the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 374 participants with a mean (SD) age = 72.0 (6.3) years, the overall frequency of any NPS was highest in Mild NCD-rMDD group (75.9%), as compared to Mild NCD (63.5%) or rMDD (55.7%) groups (p =0.014). Depression/dysphoria was the most common NPS in all three groups. In factor analyses, NPS grouped into four factor structures in all three groups, but the composition of factors in terms of individual symptoms (delusions, motor disturbances, nighttime behaviors, anxiety and apathy) were different across the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NPS are common in high-risk states for dementia, and the frequency of NPS is higher in Mild NCD-rMDD as compared to only Mild NCD or rMDD. Further, there are key differences in presentation of NPS in Mild NCD, rMDD and Mild NCD-rMDD. Future studies should investigate the relevance of these differences for cognition, function, and disease biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis reveals consistently positive effects of dementia caregiver interventions on psychological distress.","authors":"Lian Lian, Erxun Li, Qinming Yu, Lili Huang, Yang Jin, Hongsheng Bian, Shuang Yu, Miao Yu","doi":"10.1159/000546707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>With the global increase in dementia due to demographic aging, dementia not only affects those diagnosed but also their primary caregivers, often leading to significant caregiver burden. This study aims to synthesize existing interventions to understand their effectiveness on reducing psychological distress-specifically anxiety, depression, and subjective well-being (SWB)-among dementia caregivers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a multi-level meta-analysis of 175 studies involving 342 intervention treatments on caregivers. Interventions were categorized into various psychological outcomes. The effects of demographic characteristics on intervention effectiveness were also analyzed using multi-level meta-regression.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>Interventions generally showed a significant reduction in anxiety and depression with varied effects on SWB. Training of the care recipient (CR) showed the largest observed effect on SWB, although this estimate is based on only 10 observations and should be regarded as promising rather than definitive. CBT also produced a robust positive effect. Younger, male, and non-spousal caregivers tended to experience greater reductions in anxiety and depression compared to older, female, or spousal caregivers.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of tailoring interventions to caregiver characteristics and outcome type. While interventions broadly reduce caregiver distress, the degree of benefit varies, indicating that personalized approaches may yield the best results. We also emphasize the need for rigorous methodology (e.g., handling non-independence and publication bias) in future caregiver intervention research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of APOE ε4 on Neuropsychological Test Performance in Hispanics: The Panama Aging Research Initiative - Health Disparities Study.","authors":"Alcibiades E Villarreal, Giselle A Rangel, Adam E Tratner, Diana C Oviedo, Maria B Carreira F, Sid E O'Bryant, Estefani C Sanchez Castillo, Carolina E Rodríguez, Gabrielle B Britton","doi":"10.1159/000546741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is a well-established risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, with the APOEε4 allele being the most strongly associated genetic variant. Research has suggested that the influence of APOEε4 on cognitive decline may vary across different populations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between APOE genotype and cognitive aging in Hispanics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A diverse sample of Hispanic adults was recruited for a study on cognitive aging. Data were analyzed for n = 725 participants from the Panama Aging Research Initiative - Health Disparities (PARI-HD) study. Participants were divided into 2 groups, an outpatient cohort (n = 269) and a community cohort (n = 456) and underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A greater number of participants in the outpatient cohort were cognitively impaired than the community cohort, and the outpatient cohort had a significantly higher frequency of ε4 (33.8% vs. 25.7%). Results showed that carrying at least one copy of the APOEε4 allele was a significant predictor of cognitive impairment in the community cohort (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.14-3.72, p = 0.017), but was not significantly associated with performance on cognitive tests for either cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that APOEε4 confers risk for cognitive deterioration in the Panamanian population, highlighting the importance of considering genetic and demographic factors in understanding the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Relationship Between Inflammatory Proteins and Alzheimer's Disease: A Two-sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Rui Xu, Yongjun Gao","doi":"10.1159/000546762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Studies on Alzheimer's disease(AD) indicate inflammation doesn't just follow but drives neurodegeneration. Protein aggregation in neurodegeneration can trigger neuroinflammation, worsening protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. The aim is to use bidirectional Mendelian Randomization(MR) approach to find the causal link between specific inflammatory proteins and AD, creating new hypotheses for studying AD's pathological mechanisms. Method Independent genetic variants for 91 inflammatory proteins (14,824 individuals) and AD (111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD patients and 677,663 controls) were selected as instrumental variables(IVs) from published Genome-wide association studies(GWASs) among individuals of predominantly European ancestry. MR analyses included the IVW method, weighted median estimator, MR-Egger regression, sample mode, weighted mode, and sensitivity analyses of Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, FDR correction and MR-Egger intercept test. We employed a bidirectional two-sample MR approach to explore the causal relationship between inflammatory proteins and AD. Results Our findings are mainly based on the IVW approach. Our results indicate that elevated levels of TNF-β(OR=0.917, 95%CI=0.862-0.975, P=0.006) and IL-6(OR=0.941, 95%CI=0.899-0.985, P=0.009) are significantly associated with a reduced AD risk, while AD has no impact on the levels of the 91 inflammatory proteins selected in this paper. The results of the sensitivity analyses were robust. Conclusion Elevated levels of TNF-β and IL-6 exert a protective effect against the occurrence of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tablet-Based Assessment of Picture Naming in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: An Accessible and Effective Tool for Distinguishing Mild Cognitive Impairment from Normal Aging.","authors":"Lauren Seidman, Sara Hyman, Rachel Kenney, Avivit Nsiri, Steven Galetta, Arjun V Masurkar, Laura Balcer","doi":"10.1159/000546451","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Effective mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening requires accessible testing. This study compared two tests for distinguishing MCI patients from controls: rapid automatized naming (RAN) for naming speed and low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA) for sensitivity to low-contrast letters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two RAN tasks were used: the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES, picture naming) and the Staggered Uneven Number test (SUN, number naming). Both RAN tasks were administered on a tablet and in a paper/pencil format. The tablet format was administered using the Mobile Integrated Cognitive Kit application. LCLA was tested at 2.5% and 1.25% contrast.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-four participants (31 MCI, 34 controls; mean age 73.2 ± 6.8 years) were included. MCI patients were slower than controls for paper/pencil (75.0 vs. 53.6 s, p < 0.001), and tablet MULES (69.0 s vs. 50.2 s, p = 0.01). The paper/pencil SUN showed no significant difference (MCI: 59.5 s vs. controls: 59.9 s, p = 0.07) nor did the tablet SUN (MCI: 59.3 s vs. controls: 55.7 s, p = 0.36). MCI patients had worse performance on LCLA testing at 2.5% contrast (33 letters vs. 36, p = 0.04*) and 1.25% (0 letters vs. 14 letters, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed similar performance of paper/pencil and tablet MULES in distinguishing MCI from controls (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.77), outperforming both SUN (AUC = 0.63 paper, 0.59 tablet) and LCLA (2.5% contrast: AUC = 0.65, 1.25% contrast: AUC = 0.72).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MULES, in both formats, may be a valuable screening tool for MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":11126,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}