Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetes: higher time above range and glycemic variability revealed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).","authors":"Yayu Fang, Wei Liu, Xiaoling Cai, Yu Zhu, Mingxia Zhang, Siqian Gong, Xiangqing Wang, Chu Lin, Rui Zhang, Sai Yin, Juan Li, Yongran Huo, Xiaodan Hu, Xiaoqi Xie, Linong Ji","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01602-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01602-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the glucose profile of Chinese individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who also have metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Type 1 diabetes participants from Peking University People's Hospital were recruited from Jan 2017 to Jan 2024. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was developed based on the updated National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, clinical information and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data were collected and compared between participants with metabolic syndrome and those without.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the participants was 50.0 years (IQR 35.0-63.3), and the median duration was 10.0 years (IQR 2.0-17.0). Compared to those without metabolic syndrome, participants with metabolic syndrome were older (63.0 years, IQR 41.0-69.0 vs. 48.5 years, IQR 35.0-60.0; P < 0.001) and had a longer duration (13.0 years, IQR 5.0-22.0 vs. 9.0 years, IQR 2.0-15.0; P = 0.011). The comparison of CGM metrics suggested significantly higher time above range (TAR, 48.9%, IQR 35.3-59.5 vs. 32.8%, IQR 16.1-47.6; P < 0.001), standard deviation (SD, 3.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L vs. 3.2 ± 1.0 mmol/L; P = 0.022) and interquartile range (IQR, 4.2 mmol/L, IQR 3.2-4.8 vs. 3.7 mmol/L, IQR 3.0-4.5; P = 0.046) in those with metabolic syndrome. And the Logistic regression analysis showed that TAR (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.02-2.23, per 20% increase), SD ( OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.07-2.84, P = 0.025) and IQR (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.03-2.19, P = 0.036) were positively associated with metabolic syndrome after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI and complication status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that in T1D participants, metabolic syndrome was associated with higher glucose level and glycemic variability. Personalized diabetes education including optimal meal planning and sufficient physical activity should be emphasized to improve glycemic control in T1D with metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity mediates the association between psoriasis and diabetes incidence: a population-based study.","authors":"Zuojiao Xu, Kaihua Ma, Yinuo Zhai, Jing Wang, Yan Li","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01622-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01622-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the association between psoriasis and diabetes and to assess the potential moderating role of obesity in this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involving data from 21,835 NHANES participants during 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The analysis included body mass index (BMI), as well as information about psoriasis and diabetes obtained from questionnaires. The study employed weighted logistic regression to examine the association between psoriasis and diabetes. The nonlinear relationship between obesity, diabetes, and psoriasis was explored through smooth curve fitting, stratified by age and gender. In addition, the authors conducted mediation analysis, which suggested that obesity partially mediated the association between psoriasis and diabetes prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for relevant variables, we found that individuals with psoriasis had a significantly higher incidence of diabetes (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.16-1.90, P = 0.002). A positive relationship was identified between BMI levels and diabetes occurrence among individuals with psoriasis, with a significant difference observed between the highest (Q4) and lowest (Q1) BMI quartiles (P < 0.05). Further analysis using smooth curve fitting demonstrated the consistent association between BMI and diabetes, which was also evident in psoriasis patients. Age-stratified analysis showed that diabetes was more prevalent among older adults compared to younger individuals at the same BMI levels. For psoriasis, an inflection point was noted in men where its prevalence began to decline as BMI exceeded a certain threshold. Similarly, in younger adults, psoriasis prevalence decreased above a specific BMI threshold. Additionally, mediation analysis indicated that obesity played a partial role in linking psoriasis and diabetes, accounting for approximately 22.91% of this association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found an association between psoriasis and diabetes. Additionally, the analysis suggested that obesity may partially contribute to this relationship, indicating it could play a role in linking the two conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combined impact of BMI and ABSI on all-cause mortality among American adults with diabetes.","authors":"Shuwu Wei, Weimin Jiang, Huijuan Zheng, Jiale Zhang, Jie Yang, Yaoxian Wang, Yang Liu, Liqiao Sun, Xinrong Li, Junping Wei, Weiwei Sun","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01614-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01614-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Previous studies have emphasized the independent effects of anthropometric indices-including body mass index (BMI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), and Conicity Index-on mortality. However, their combined impact, especially in diabetic populations with distinct obesity patterns, has been less frequently explored. This study investigates both the independent and combined effects of these anthropometric indices on mortality in diabetic Americans and compares their individual and combined diagnostic value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative cohort study was conducted using NHANES data (2005-2018), including 6,572 diabetic adults. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate the independent and combined associations of anthropometric indices (BMI, ABSI, WHtR, BRI, and Conicity Index) with all-cause mortality. The weighted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of individual anthropometric indices and their combinations in predicting mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all the anthropometric indices, ABSI exhibited the strongest independent association with all-cause mortality, outperforming other measures such as BMI, WHtR, BRI, and Conicity Index. A clear linear relationship was identified, with higher ABSI tertiles consistently linked to an increased risk of mortality. Notably, within each BMI tertile, ABSI effectively differentiated mortality risk, particularly in the highest tertile. Furthermore, ABSI demonstrated the highest predictive performance among individual metrics (weighted AUC = 0.653) and showed further improvement when combined with BMI (weighted AUC = 0.669).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BMI and ABSI collectively provide a comprehensive evaluation of mortality risk in diabetic populations, capturing the synergistic effects of general and central obesity. These findings highlight the importance of integrating BMI and ABSI into risk assessments to identify high-risk individuals and guide targeted interventions for reducing mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal role of plasma liposome in diabetic retinopathy: mendelian randomization (MR) study.","authors":"Kai Yin, Lu Ding, Xueyan Li, Yuqi Zhang, Siyu Song, Liyuan Cao, Ruixue Deng, Min Li, Zirui Li, Qinjing Xia, Daqing Zhao, Xiangyan Li, Zeyu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01612-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01612-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research indicates that there may be an association between plasma lipidome levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients. However, the potential causality of this relationship is yet to be determined. To investigate this matter further, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to comprehensively assess the causality between lipidome levels and DR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary statistics for lipid levels and DR were obtained from the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) Catalog database and the FinnGen Consortium, respectively. We conducted a two-sample MR analysis, and statistical analysis were performed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) with the addition of the MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), constrained maximum likelihood and model averaging (cML-MA) to test for causal associations between lipid levels and DR. Heterogeneity was checked using Cochran's Q statistic. The MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) global test and the MR-Egger regression were used to detect horizontal pleiotropy. The robustness of our findings was assessed using leave-one-out and funnel plots. To further assess the reliability of the results, linkage disequilibrium score regressions, colocalization analysis and reverse MR analysis were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the pooled MR results and after correction for the false discovery rate (FDR) revealed that five lipid levels were associated with DR risk. Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_16:0) levels [OR = 0.869 (0.810 to 0.933), P_fdr = 0.006], phosphatidylcholine (16:0_20:2) levels [OR = 0.893 (0.834 to 0.956), P_fdr = 0.043] and phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0_20:4) levels [OR = 0.906 (0.863 to 0.951), P_fdr = 0.006] were protective against DR, whereas sphingomyelin (d36:1) levels [OR = 1.120 (1.061 to 1.183), P_fdr = 0.006], and sphingomyelin (d40:1) levels [OR = 1.081 (1.031 to 1.134), P_fdr = 0.043] were associated with a greater risk of DR. Further sensitivity analysis did not reveal heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, genetic evidence suggests a causal relationship between the levels of specific lipid levels and DR. These findings may provide valuable insights into the causal relationships between lipid levels and DR, potentially informing future prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analyis of mendelian randomization evidence.","authors":"Ivaan Pitua, Raafidha Raizudheen, Mark Muyanja, Joseph Nyero, Morrish Okello Obol","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01615-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01615-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are global health challenges, each imposing significant morbidity and mortality. Observational studies suggest an increased TB risk in individuals with DM, yet causal relationships remain unclear due to potential confounding factors. Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a method to assess causality by leveraging genetic variants as instrumental variables, mitigating biases from confounding and reverse causation. This systematic review aimed to consolidate existing MR evidence on the causal link between DM (types 1 and 2) and TB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, identifying MR studies investigating the causal association between DM and TB. Studies were screened based on pre-specified inclusion criteria and assessed for quality using the STROBE-MR guidelines. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, MR methodology, and causal effect estimates. A meta-analysis was conducted estimate the pooled odds ratios for association between T2DM and TB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four MR studies met the inclusion criteria, spanning East Asian and European populations. Findings indicated a consistent causal relationship between DM (particularly type 2 diabetes) and increased TB risk, with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 1.07 to 1.24 (p < 0.05). The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 1.2172 (95% CI: 1.1101-1.3347, p < 0.0001), indicating a significant positive association between T2DM and TB. One study identified pleiotropic effects, suggesting potential genetic overlap in DM and TB susceptibility. No reverse causal association was observed, indicating that TB does not increase the risk of DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights a causal association between DM and TB, emphasizing the need for integrated screening and management of DM within TB control programs, particularly in high-burden regions. Future MR studies should include diverse populations to enhance generalizability and explore genetic mechanisms underlying this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZBiotics ameliorates T2DM-induced histopathological damage in liver, kidney and adipose tissues by modulating the NOD-like receptor signaling in Wistar rats.","authors":"Mohammed Esawie, Marwa Matboli, Mariam Sameh Bushra, Amany H Hasanin, Eman Kamal Habib, Reham Hussein Mohamed, Hebatalla Said Ali","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01600-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01600-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics serve as promising candidates in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy. Not only they presumably reduce the T2DM prevalence, but also keep down its complications. In the present study, we explored the beneficial impact of ZBiotics, an engineered probiotic, on T2DM Wistar rats. In silico analysis was performed to construct a genetic-epigenetic network linked to STING-NOD pathway and autophagy signaling. Then, 30 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (each n = 6); normal group, diabetic model, B. subtilis, and ZBiotics treated rats at high and low doses. Experimental procedures were carried out including biochemical and histopathologic analyses. Samples were extracted from rats' blood, liver, kidney and adipose tissues. At the molecular aspect, the molecular players, chosen by the in silico analysis, were assessed using 2^-ΔΔCt to estimate their relative quantification. With immunohistochemistry, TNF-alpha and LC3B were assessed as reflectors for inflammation and autophagy respectively. ZBiotics was reported to ameliorate the T2DM-induced histological damage. Besides, it downregulated TNF-alpha and upregulated LC3B expression levels. At the biochemical aspect, ZBiotics corrected LDL-c and improved serum creatinine and CK-MB levels. Inflammation relevant genes have been downregulated regarding CHUK, NFKB1 and miR-611. Therefore, ZBiotics is speculated to operate by modulating the genetic-epigenetic network linked to inflammatory cGAS-STING and autophagy signaling. ZBiotics is recommended for clinical trials as a separate candidate or as an adjuvant to the conventional T2DM therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population characteristics, prescription patterns and glycemic control of users of flash glucose monitoring systems in Brazil: a real-world evidence study.","authors":"Karla Santo, Josué Nieri, Karine Risério, Karla F S Melo","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01610-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01610-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To date, there is a lack of information on the use of flash glucose monitoring system (fCGM) in low-middle income countries, such as Brazil, as well as on digital health platforms most used to calculate the bolus insulin dose. In this study, we aimed to describe the population characteristics, prescription patterns and glycemic control of fCGM users compared to blood glucose monitoring (BGM) system in those who use Glic™, a digital health platform in Brazil, and to assess factors associated with better glycemic control in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional retrospective study using anonymized aggregated data manually inputted by Glic™ users who self-reported a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), gestational diabetes (GDM) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 12,727 individuals included in this study, 11,007 (86.5%) reported their glucose monitoring method to be BGM, while 1720 (13.5%) reported using fCGM. Most individuals (70.5%) had T1DM. Compared to BGM, fCGM users were significantly younger, had a higher proportion of males, resided more frequently in the Southeast region of Brazil, had a lower BMI, a longer time since diagnosis, and used Glic™ platform more frequently. fCGM users were prescribed significantly more ultra-long and ultra-rapid acting insulins as their basal and bolus insulin, respectively, and less oral anti-diabetics drugs compared to BGM users. Considering only the T1DM and LADA individuals and their manual glucose inputs, fCGM users had non-significant lower glucose levels than BGM. Use of Glic™ platform and a higher percentage of basal insulin dose were associated with a better glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first and largest real-world evidence study that describe and compare fCGM and BGM in users of a digital health patient support platform in Brazil. fCGM users were significantly different from those who perform BGM, in terms of population characteristics and treatment patterns. Glycemic control was better in fCGM users, although not statistically significant due to a restricted sample size. Importantly, a higher frequency of Glic™ use was associated with a higher glucose time in range.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-shaped association of body mass index with prognosis in individuals with sepsis: a multicenter cohort study.","authors":"Kunping Cui, Xiangnan Teng, Wei Liu, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Shanling Xu, Lang Bai","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01607-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01607-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sepsis prognosis remains highly controversial and uncertain. This study investigated the association between BMI and prognosis in patients with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study included adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV version 2.2 (MIMIC-IV V2.2) and eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). The cut-off value of BMI was identified by the restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve and included patients were categorized into two groups: the low BMI group (< 28 kg/m²) and the high BMI group (≥ 28 kg/m²). The primary outcome was ICU mortality, and secondary outcomes were in-hospital and 28-day mortality. We performed the log-rank test to detect whether there is a difference in prognosis among different groups in two different cohorts. Multiple distinct models were used to validate the robustness of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 18,385 and 38,713 patients in the MIMIC-IV 2.2 and eICU-CRD cohorts, respectively. An L-shaped relationship was observed between BMI and ICU mortality in the primary analysis from MIMIC-IV 2.2. Similar relationships were found in eICU-CRD. When BMI was less than the cut-point, the risk of ICU mortality increased rapidly with decreasing BMI. When BMI was greater than the cut-point, the risk of ICU mortality levelled off as BMI increased. Sepsis patients with higher BMI values exhibited decreased ICU all-cause mortality rates (MIMIC-IV cohort: HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.75-0.88, p < 0.001; eICU-CRD cohort: HR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.71-0.80, p < 0.001). Consistent trends were observed for both in-hospital mortality and 28-day mortality rates. The results remained robust in multiple distinct models and subgroup analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An L-shaped relationship was observed between BMI and prognosis in septic patients, indicating that lower BMI values are significantly linked to increased mortality. Targeted nutritional interventions and close monitoring for patients with low BMI could potentially enhance their prognosis. Therefore, BMI can also be utilized to categorize the risk levels of patients with sepsis and effectively predict their prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolocumab safety and efficacy in hypercholesteremia patients with or without diabetes: a retrospective real-world analysis.","authors":"Sultan Ibrahim Alraddadi, Hind Almodaimegh, Abdullah Kharbosh, Hadeel Alharbi, Ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman, Mona Yaser Alsheikh, Lama Alfehaid","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01587-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01587-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors effectively reduce LDL cholesterol and adverse cardiovascular events with a safety profile comparable to a placebo. Limited real-world data exists on their effectiveness in different patient groups. This study evaluated evolocumab's efficacy and safety in hypercholesteremia patients with and without diabetes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a large tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia, patients aged 18 and above who initiated evolocumab therapy were screened for eligibility between January 2017 and July 2023. All patients who had been on maximally tolerated statin and ezetimibe therapy for at least 4 months before starting evolocumab were included. The included participants were then divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and assessed for evolocumab's efficacy and safety. Efficacy was measured by LDL-C reduction and target achievement, while safety was assessed by examining glycemic control changes, new-onset diabetes (NOD) and hepatic enzyme levels. Data analysis included descriptive and comparative methods, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 151 patients were included, with an average age of 51.77 years. The majority of patients were male (67.6%) and obese (81.5%). Around 55% had diabetes, and 63% had established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at baseline. During a mean follow-up period of 13.17 months, the average reduction in LDL-C from baseline was - 34.21, - 28.66, and - 39.61% for the overall cohort, non-diabetic patients, and diabetic patients, respectively. In the overall cohort, 34.4 and 24.5% reached the target LDL-C levels of less than 1.4 mmol/L (55 mg/dL) and less than 1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL), respectively. Worsening of glycemic control (HbA1C increase > 0.5) was observed in 25.83% of the overall cohort, 16.18% of non-diabetics, and 33.74% of diabetics. An HbA1C increase > 1 was observed in 13.25% of the overall cohort, 2.94% in non-diabetics and 21.69% in diabetics. Five patients (3.3%) developed NOD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated that the addition of evolocumab to maximally tolerated statin and ezetimibe therapy reduced LDL-C levels but with a smaller average reduction and a lower proportion of patients achieving recommended LDL-C targets than in landmark clinical trials. Additionally, there was a potential negative effect on glycemic control, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in diabetes mellitus and related costs among hospital admissions in Switzerland, 2012-2020.","authors":"Hassan Abu Obaid, Pedro Marques-Vidal","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01604-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01604-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Switzerland, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased in the general population, but little is known regarding DM-related hospitalizations and their impact on mortality and health costs. Hence, our objectives were to assess (1) the evolution of hospitalizations for DM as first diagnosis and as comorbidity; (2) the association of DM with ICU admission, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality and costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swiss hospital discharge data for period 2012-2020. Type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM) and other types (OTDM) of DM were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2012 and 2020, the number of hospitalizations (% total) increased from 4204 (0.27) to 4980 (0.45) for T2DM, 539 (0.05) to 854 (0.08) for T1DM and 221 (0.02) to 381 (0.03) or OTDM. Hospitalizations with DM as comorbidity increased from 89,752 (8.6) to 128,700 (11.7) for T2DM, 2934 (0.29) to 3536 (0.32) or T1DM and 5774 (0.58) to 9143 (0.83) for OTDM. Compared to non-DM hospitalizations, all types of DM had a higher likelihood of lower limb amputation; hospitalizations for T1DM had a higher likelihood of ICU admission: odds ratio and 95% CI: 3.38 (3.19-3.59), while T2DM had higher LOS: 5.5 ± 1.0 vs. 5.1 ± 1.0 days, and all DM types had a lower odds of in-hospital mortality. Patients with any type of DM as comorbidity had a longer LOS than patients without. Total cost of DM rose from CHF 42 million in 2012 to almost 100 million in 2019 and decreased afterwards.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DM represents an increasing health and economic burden in Switzerland.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}