Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Empagliflozin alleviates type 2 diabetic renal fibrosis by inhibiting SLC7A7-mediated ferroptosis.","authors":"Wendi Zhao, Guoxi Jin, Weihua Sun, Chenchen Wu, Qingqing Yang, Li Xue, Shandong Ye","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01902-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01902-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) represents the most prevalent secondary kidney condition that progresses to end-stage renal disease globally. Empagliflozin (EMPA) effectively reduce blood glucose levels to mitigate the impact of DKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Researchers extracted kidney tissues from type 2 diabetic (T2DM) rats and performed transcriptome analysis to identify differential gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated a link to ferroptosis, closely associated with renal fibrosis. Subsequent cellular validation of T2DM and human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells under high-glucose conditions revealed that Collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and alpha -smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels increased in high-glucose group but decreased following EMPA treatment. These observations imply that EMPA mitigates renal fibrosis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed varied SLC7A7 expression in T2DM versus normal groups, and was verified by qPCR and WB. Significant changes in ferroptosis-related proteins, specifically acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), emerged at the protein level. Further exploration revealed that EMPA suppressed ferroptosis by downregulation of SLC7A7 via the AMP-activated protein kinase/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 Beta/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (AMPK/GSK-3β/NRF2) signaling pathway, thereby reducing renal fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EMPA treatment could inhibit iron death to alleviate renal fibrosis, and the process was found to be related to the AMPK/GSK-3β/NRF2 pathway in subsequent mechanistic studies. EMPA is a proven treatment for diabetes. Understanding EMPA's mechanism may uncover new drug targets and innovative therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic health in patients with diabesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Eric Tsz-Chun Poon, Barry A Franklin, Mark A Tarnopolsky, John A Hawley, John M Jakicic, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Jonathan P Little, Linda S Pescatello, Deborah Riebe, Walter R Thompson, James S Skinner, Sheri R Colberg, Jonathan K Ehrman, George S Metsios, Helen T Douda, Norsuhana Omar, Abdullah F Alghannam, Alexios Batrakoulis","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01909-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01909-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concurrent overweight/obesity (diabesity).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception up to January 31, 2025.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: </strong>RCTs comparing HIIT alone ≥ 2 weeks in duration with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). Participants were adults with diabesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 RCTs qualified, involving 790 patients (50/50 female/male ratio; age: 59.8 ± 12.9 years; body mass index: 28.9 ± 4.2 kg/m²). HIIT revealed a significant reduction in fasting insulin [standardized mean differences (SMD) - 0.43, 95% CI - 0.82 to - 0.05] and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; SMD - 0.52, 95% CI - 0.97 to - 0.07) compared to MICT. Additionally, HIIT significantly increased cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂max; SMD 0.53, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.91) compared to MICT. Other clinically relevant cardiometabolic outcomes, including body composition, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure, showed comparable changes between HIIT and MICT. Subgroup analyses of studies reporting comorbidities indicated a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD 0.49, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.95) and a decrease in HOMA-IR (SMD - 0.83, 95% CI - 1.62 to - 0.04) for HIIT compared to MICT. However, these findings are limited by very low certainty evidence and non-robust sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present findings suggest that HIIT may serve as an adjunctive non-pharmaceutical management solution for patients with diabesity. Open Science Framework registry: https://osf.io/9by24.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and clinical translation of ICOS/ICOSL signaling pathway blockade in delaying vascular complications of type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Haiyan Zhang, LiBo Ruan, Xuemei Fu, Jinwen Yu, Qingrong Ruan, Yiyu Li, Hongying Wang, Heng Shao, Haoran Dong, Jianglan Cui","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01891-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01891-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often complicated by vascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, which contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. The ICOS/ICOSL signaling pathway has emerged as a promising target for mitigating these complications. This study aims to investigate the effects of ICOS/ICOSL pathway blockade on vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in T2DM and atherosclerosis, and to assess its potential for clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from T2DM patients, with and without atherosclerosis (AS), as well as healthy controls. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were measured by ELISA, and RNA sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes. In an animal model, diabetic mice were treated with ICOS-Fc fusion protein to block ICOS/ICOSL signaling. Endothelial dysfunction was modeled in mouse C166 cells and primary Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) using high glucose (HG), and the effects of ICOS-Fc on cell migration, angiogenesis, ROS production, apoptosis, and key signaling molecules were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were significantly elevated in both the T2DM and AS groups compared to controls. In vivo, treatment with ICOS-Fc not only reduced the expression of ICOS, ICOSL, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the aortic tissue of diabetic mice but also significantly ameliorated hyperlipidemia and reduced atherosclerotic plaque burden. In HG-treated C166 cells, ICOS-Fc reduced ROS production and apoptosis while enhancing cell migration and angiogenesis. Crucially, in HUVECs, ICOS-Fc treatment reversed HG-induced inflammatory gene expression and restored angiogenic capacity, a benefit associated with the normalization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blocking the ICOS/ICOSL signaling pathway effectively mitigates vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in T2DM with atherosclerosis. These findings suggest that targeting this pathway holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for managing vascular complications in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between physical activity, inflammation, and cognitive performance in women with type 2 diabetes: an observational study focused on IL-6 pathway mediators.","authors":"Zakieh Heidari, Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi, Amin Kadkhodaei, Mehrdad Behmanesh, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, Sara Soudi","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01908-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01908-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive impairment, with dysregulation of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathway-particularly its soluble receptors-implicated in both T2DM pathogenesis and cognitive dysfunction. The potential role of sIL-6R (soluble interleukin-6 receptor) and sgp130 (soluble glycoprotein 130) as mediators in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and cognitive performance in women with T2DM remains underexplored. This study examined the associations between PA, sIL-6R, and sgp130 levels and their relationship with cognitive function in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational analytical study was conducted on 44 women (aged 50-75 years) with T2DM. We evaluated PA levels; serum concentrations of sIL-6R, sgp130, and IL-6; domain-specific cognitive performance; physical fitness; and diabetes-related metabolic indicators. Correlations between PA, selected cytokines, and cognitive performance were analyzed using correlation analyses and adjusted ANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Active women had lower sIL-6R (p = 0.01, η² = 0.15) and sgp130 (p = 0.01, η² = 0.17) levels compared to inactive peers, with no difference in IL-6 (p = 0.84). Lower sIL-6R and sgp130 correlated with better processing speed (r = 0.37, p = 0.01) and visuospatial function (r = 0.36, p = 0.01); these associations remained significant after adjustment (r = 0.35, p = 0.04). PA was also associated with lower cholesterol (r = -0.37, p = 0.01) and FBS (r = -0.30, p = 0.04) and higher cardiovascular fitness (r = 0.32, p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular PA in women with T2DM is associated with reduced sIL-6R and sgp130 levels, which may be linked to better cognitive performance across multiple domains. These findings highlight the potential role of sIL-6R and sgp130 in linking PA to cognitive health, underscoring the importance of PA as a supportive strategy for managing inflammation and mitigating cognitive decline in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics and experimental validation studies reveal key biomarkers of cellular senescence in diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Jinju Li, Hao Yang, Yixuan Lin, Zhaohui Fang","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01899-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01899-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment.","authors":"Rahma Mogahed Rateb, Ammar Salah, Ahmed Kertam, Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi, Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud, Eslam Afifi, Ahmed Bayoumi, Salma Allam, Mohamed Saad Rakab","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01906-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01906-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on glucose, lipid, and inflammation-related gene expression in the brain tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.","authors":"Yakup Kılıç, Semih Dalkılıç, Lütfiye Kadıoğlu Dalkılıç, Emrah Özdemir, Fatih Mehmet Uğurlu, Ragıp Pala, Yeliz Ayyıldız, Sezgin Hepsert, Ercan Ayılgan","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01893-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01893-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels accompanied by inadequate insulin secretion. In this study, we aimed to determine the expression levels of PEPCK, FAS, INSIG-1 and TNF-α genes, which play a key role in metabolism and inflammation processes, in brain tissue of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and to investigate how these gene expressions are affected by different exercise protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 40 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control group (C), Diabetes Sedentary group (DS), Diabetes Heavy Exercise group (DHE) and Diabetes Light Exercise group (DLE). Diabetes was induced by a single dose of intraperitoneally administered streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). After diabetes induction, rats were subjected to treadmill exercise 5 days a week for 6 weeks. 24 h after the last exercise session, rats were sacrificed by decapitation and brain tissues were sent to the laboratory for molecular analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant decrease in FAS (p = 0.002) and TNF-α (p = 0.044) levels was observed in the DHE group, while a significant increase in PEPCK (p = 0.009) and INSIG1 (p = 0.019) levels and a significant decrease in FAS (p = 0.037) and TNF-α (p = 0.014) levels were found in the DLE group. In addition, blood glucose levels were significantly decreased in the exercise groups compared to the diabetic sedentary group (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that exercise protocols of different intensities induce significant changes in the expression levels of some metabolic and inflammatory genes in brain tissue and decrease blood glucose levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. The findings suggest that exercise may partially modulate the molecular processes in the central nervous system of diabetes and may offer potential therapeutic contributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dapagliflozin on podocyte damage and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Yajing Shi, Jingjing Zhang, Xiaoxiao Xin, Lixia Liu, Yaru Wu, Yanli Cheng, Li Zhang, Hong Su, Yuebin Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01886-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01886-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous glucose monitoring system in diabetes in pregnancy: a narrative review.","authors":"Melanie Rodacki, Marcio Krakauer, Denise Reis Franco, Patricia Medici Dualib, Mauro Sancovski, Lenita Zajdenverg","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01854-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01854-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes in pregnancy increases maternal and fetal risks as well as the burden of chronic complications and comorbidities associated with this condition. In addition to HbA1c and blood glucose monitoring (BGM), continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM) provide a complementary tool that enables comprehensive glycemic assessments and improves glycemic control. This review highlights the clinical value of CGM in the management of diabetes in pregnancy, encompassing type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but also early GDM. CGM derived metrics, such as time in range (TIR) and mean glucose levels, are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, emphasizing the importance of optimizing glycemic control. Overall, CGM is a valuable tool for detecting glucose fluctuations in pregnancies complicated by all forms of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative risk of cancer associated with SGLT inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Hamed Hajishah, Parsa Mazloom, Amirhossein Salehi, Danial Kazemi, Reza Samiee, Hossein Majlesi, Mohammad Javad Amini, Arefeh Meyari, Negin Safari Dehnavi, Masood Zangi","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01898-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01898-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the overall and site-specific cancer risk associated with SGLT2i versus DPP4i in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for cohort studies comparing cancer incidence in adult type 2 diabetes patients treated with SGLT2i versus DPP4i. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model due to significant heterogeneity (I²). Subgroup analyses by cancer type and publication bias assessment were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, SGLT2i use was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident cancer compared to DPP4i use (Pooled RR = 0.77, 95%CI:0.70-0.84; I²=81.6%). Subgroup analyses revealed significantly lower risks for liver (RR = 0.76), lung (RR = 0.87), and prostate (RR = 0.75) cancers with SGLT2i. Trends towards lower risk were observed for colorectal (RR = 0.80) and stomach (RR = 0.69) cancers. No significant differences were found for bladder, breast, or pancreatic cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with a reduced overall risk of cancer compared to DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly for liver, lung, and prostate cancers. However, these findings are based on observational data with significant heterogeneity and varying follow-up times, requiring additional long-term research to confirm.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12330067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}