Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Association between estimated glucose disposal rate with the all-cause and cause-specific mortality among the population with cardiometabolic syndrome.","authors":"Chao Fu, Yuxin Li, Xiangyang Gao, Yan Gong, Hantong Wang, Guanyun Wang, Xiaoxue Ma, Bingqing Han, Shanshan Liu, Hao Zhang, Fei Wang, Qiang Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01636-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01636-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is considered as a reliable alternative indicator of insulin resistance. However, the relationship between eGDR levels and mortality among individuals with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), as well as within different glucose metabolic states in this population, remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cohort study on 9928 CMS participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 1999 to 2018. The relationship between eGDR levels and mortality in the CMS population was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Finally, stratified analysis was performed to determine the relationship between eGDR levels and mortality in different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cox regression analysis showed a significant correlation between eGDR levels and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the entire CMS population (all p < 0.05). RCS analysis revealed a non-linear relationship between eGDR levels and both all-cause (p for overall < 0.001, p for non-linear < 0.001) and diabetes specific mortality (p for overall < 0.001, p for non-linear = 0.004) in CMS population, while a linear relationship with cardiovascular specific mortality (p for overall < 0.001, p for non-linear = 0.091). In participants with baseline diabetes mellitus (DM), eGDR levels were significantly correlated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular specific mortality, and diabetes specific mortality (all p < 0.05). In CMS participants with baseline pre-diabetes mellitus (Pre-DM), eGDR levels were significantly correlated with cardiovascular-specific and diabetes-specific mortality (all p < 0.05). In CMS participants with baseline normal glucose regulation (NGR), eGDR levels were only significantly related to diabetes specific mortality (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant correlation between eGDR levels and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the entire CMS population. Furthermore, the protective effect of high eGDR levels on mortality persists across various glucose metabolic states.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of pericoronary inflammation with atherosclerotic plaque progression in diabetic patients with improved modifiable cardiovascular risk factors: a longitudinal CCTA cohort study.","authors":"Tianhao Zhang, Hongkai Zhang, Xuelian Gao, Pingan Peng, Tianlong Chen, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingyao Yang, Yang Zheng, Yulu Peng, Xiaonan Ma, Dongmei Shi, Zhijian Wang, Lei Xu, Yujie Zhou, Yu Du","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01645-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01645-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation, as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), has been identified as a marker of pericoronary inflammation and a predictor of future adverse atherosclerotic events. However, the impact of changes in PCAT attenuation, as evaluated by consecutive CCTAs, on plaque progression in high-risk atherosclerotic patients with improved modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (mCRFs) remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had improved mCRFs and underwent serial, clinically indicated CCTA examinations (time interval ≥ 12 months) at our center between July 2019 and July 2022 were screened. Eligible participants had at least one study plaque, defined as a plaque without significant anatomic stenosis, located in one of the major coronary arteries, which had not been intervened upon or caused adverse events between serial CCTA scans. Percent atheroma volume (PAV) and PCAT attenuation were measured for each study plaque at baseline and follow-up using CCTA plaque analysis software. Changes in PAV (δPAV = follow-up PAV - baseline PAV) were compared based on changes in PCAT attenuation [δPCAT attenuation] (&gt; 0 or ≤ 0). Multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between δPCAT attenuation and δPAV.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 98 T2DM patients (mean age: 59.9 years; 75.3% men; 152 plaques) had mCRFs that reached therapeutic targets at follow-up CCTA. However, overall PAV progressed from baseline in all patients [(41.68 ± 12.47)% vs. (43.71 ± 12.24)%, p = 0.035], accompanied by an increase in coronary inflammation (i.e., PCAT attenuation) during a median follow-up of 13.5 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 12.2, 17.5 months).Compared to patients with δPCAT attenuation ≤ 0, those with δPCAT attenuation &gt; 0 had a significantly greater increase in overall PAV from baseline [(4.09 ± 12.09)% vs. (-0.82 ± 10.74)%, p = 0.011], calcified PAV [1.57% (IQR: 0.13%, 3.84%) vs. 0.38% (IQR: -0.26%, 2.58%), p = 0.008], and a numerical but non-significant increase in non-calcified PAV [(1.29 ± 11.75)% vs. (-1.87 ± 10.47)%, p = 0.089]. Multivariate linear regression models demonstrated that increased PCAT attenuation was significantly associated with the progression of overall PAV (β = 0.339, 95% CI: 0.129-0.549), non-calcified PAV (β = 0.237, 95% CI: 0.019-0.455), and calcified PAV (β = 0.109, 95% CI: 0.019-0.200), independent of age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, medications, and baseline PCAT attenuation and PAV (all p &lt; 0.05). The effect of elevated PCAT attenuation on overall plaque progression was consistent across subgroups (all p for interaction &gt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In this longitudinal CCTA cohort of T2DM patients with improved mCRFs, increased pericoronary inflammation was associated with the progression of atherosclerotic plaque, particu","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome including both elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose is associated with higher mortality risk: a prospective study.","authors":"Shu Li, Chi Pang Wen, Huakang Tu, Sicong Wang, Xue Li, Andi Xu, Wenyuan Li, Xifeng Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01628-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01628-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses a collection of metabolic abnormalities. This study aims to determine which combination of MetS components has the highest mortality risk, and to investigate the causal relationships between MetS components and longevity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective analyses were conducted on 340,196 participants from the MJ cohort at baseline, and 121,936 participants had follow-up MetS information. We defined MetS according to the NCEP ATP III criteria. The study's outcomes included mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all causes combined. We employed Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was employed to infer causality using the genetic data of MetS components and longevity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated blood pressure (BP) was the initial split for all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and CVD mortality. Participants with MetS, especially those with elevated BP and elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), had higher mortality risks than those with other types of MetS. In the MJ cohort, participants with elevated BP and FPG (BG-type MetS) had a 44% (HR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.37-1.51), 73% (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.62-1.84), and 34% (HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.27-1.42) increased risk of all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and CVD mortality, respectively, compared with non-BG-type MetS (12%, 24%, 5%). The highest mortality rate and mortality risk were observed in participants with BG-type MetS at baseline and follow-up (mortality rate/1000 person years = 9.73, 95% CI = 8.81-10.74; HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.35-1.72). SBP and FPG increases that were genetically proxied to a 1-standard deviation higher level decreased the probabilities of living to the 90th percentile age by 41% (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40-0.86) and 32% (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48-0.98) in MVMR, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with BG-type MetS are at a higher risk of death than those with other types of MetS. Therefore, these individuals should be targeted to improve MetS outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress hyperglycemia ratio: a novel prognostic marker in chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Tianquan Chen, Yijiao Zhu, Yushuang Liu, Hongxia Li, Zhe Han, Min Liu, Xia Xu, Rong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01639-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01639-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has recently been suggested to characterize acute glycemic rise better than the admission blood glucose and to be associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with various cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to explore the associations between SHR and all-cause or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with CKD participating in the 1999-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with complete SHR and follow-up data were included. SHR was calculated from fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels. Associations between SHR and mortality were investigated by weighted multivariable Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 3284 participants (mean age 61 years, men prevalence 44.09%) included, 1324 (487 CVD-related) deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 87 months. The restricted cubic spline curve adjusted for all covariates showed a U-shaped and J-shaped association between SHR and all-cause or CVD mortality, respectively, with discernible inflection points at 0.86 and 0.88, respectively. The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.117 (0.034-0.404) for SHR < 0.86 and 2.065 (1.328-3.209) for SHR ≥ 0.86 for all-cause mortality, and 0.063 (0.008-0.531) for SHR < 0.88 and 1.551 (0.770-3.124) for SHR ≥ 0.88 for CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified U-shaped and J-shaped association between SHR and all-cause or CVD mortality, respectively, in patients with CKD. This result highlights that SHR may be potentially informative for the risk stratification of CKD patients. Given the potential limitations of residual confounding, prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal relationship of sleep duration on risks for metabolic syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Cheng-Chieh Lin, Chuan-Wei Yang, Chia-Ing Li, Chiu-Shong Liu, Chih-Hsueh Lin, Shing-Yu Yang, Tsai-Chung Li","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01643-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01643-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, referred to as metabolic syndrome (MetS), represents a substantial risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and presents a significant public health challenge. However, previous epidemiological investigations exploring the link between sleep duration and MetS lack experimental evidence to establish a causal relationship. Hence, he objective of this study is to examine the association between sleep duration and MetS by employing the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the Taiwan Biobank database, which comprised 33,270 predominantly Han Chinese individuals aged 30-70 years with no history of cancer and enrolled between 2008 and 2020. This study was conducted using Taiwan Biobank database. In MR analysis, we constructed weighted and unweighted genetic risk scores by calculating the SNP alleles significantly associated with sleep duration. Two-stage regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the observational epidemiologic study, after multivariate adjustment, the OR for sleep durations of < 5, 8-9 and > 9 h compared to those with a sleep duration of 7 h were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.43), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.24) and 1.84 (95% CI: 1.43, 2.36), respectively. In the MR analyses after multivariate adjustment, the ORs of MetS per 1 standard deviation increase in the estimated sleep duration and the probability of long and short sleep durations derived from weighted genetic risk scores were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.66), 1.55 (95% CI: 1.51, 1.59), and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.62, 1.70), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Observational and MR analyses demonstrated that short and long sleep durations are potential causal risk factors for MetS. Therefore, long and short sleep durations should be considered as risk factors in MetS-prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, efficacy, and cardiovascular benefits of combination therapy with SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Asma Mousavi, Shayan Shojaei, Hamidreza Soleimani, Davood Semirani-Nezhad, Pouya Ebrahimi, Ali Zafari, Rasoul Ebrahimi, Khatere Roozbehi, Anil Harrison, Mushabbar A Syed, Toshiki Kuno, Mani Khorsand Askari, Jaime P Almandoz, John Jun, Kaveh Hosseini","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01635-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01635-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The potential benefits and risks of combination therapy with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) versus monotherapy remain a subject of debate to optimize metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the available evidence from randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search identified relevant randomized controlled trials comparing combination therapy with SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA to monotherapy or treatment as usual (TAU). The main outcome was the incidence of hospitalization for heart failure. Other outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction), changes in metabolic parameters, and adverse events. Random-effects meta-analysis estimated risk ratios (RRs), mean difference (MD), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the risk of bias in included studies using the Cochrane ROB 2.0 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis included 10 randomized controlled trials with 42,651 participants, of which 2,820 were on combination therapy and the rest on SGLT-2i (37.1%), GLP-1RA (20.1%) monotherapies or TAU (42.8%). Combination therapy had a lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure versus GLP-1RA monotherapy (RR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.22; 0.65), SGLT-2i monotherapy (RR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.19; 0.75), and TAU (RR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.24; 0.75), respectively. Combination therapy also had a significantly lower risk of MACE versus TAU (RR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.61; 0.88). Combination therapy showed greater weight loss and hemoglobin A1c reduction versus SGLT-2i monotherapy (MD = -2.20, 95% CI -3.09; -1.31 and MD = -0.74, 95% CI -1.21; -0.27), respectively, while no difference was noted versus GLP-1RA monotherapy. The incidence of nausea and diarrhea was higher with combination therapy versus SGLT-2i monotherapy (MD = 3.34, 95% CI 1.74; 6.43 and MD = 1.75, 95% CI 1.10; 2.77), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination therapy with SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA may provide superior cardiovascular, weight, and Hemoglobin A1c outcomes versus monotherapy despite higher gastrointestinal adverse events. These results may impact the management of patients with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and highlight the need for further research on combination therapy to optimize outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (nhhr) in prediabetes progression and the mediating effect of BMI: a longitudinal study in China.","authors":"Sichun Wen, Jingfen Li, Zheng Xie, Xiaohui Chen, Junyi Li, Xiayi Lin, Jie Li","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01637-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01637-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes prevalence in China is significant, with a large proportion in the prediabetes stage. Dyslipidemia is associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, and the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) shows potential in diabetes risk assessment, but its role in prediabetes progression is understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal study from 2011 to 2015 using CHARLS data was conducted. After exclusions, 1408 participants were included. NHHR was calculated from serum TC and HDL - C levels. Diabetes and prediabetes were defined based on standard criteria. Covariates and mediators were assessed, and statistical analyses included logistic regression and mediation analysis, and mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the involvement of BMI in the association between NHHR and the risk of prediabetes progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1423 people in the cohort analysis, 339 (23.8%) were diagnosed with prediabetes progression. The median NHHR was significantly larger in the progression group (136.99 vs. 124.95, p < 0.05). In the fully adjusted model, NHHR one-unitincrease led to a 10% higher risk. Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations in most subgroups. BMI mediated 33.8% of the NHHR - prediabetes progression association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHHR is correlated with the risk of prediabetes progressing to diabetes, and BMI may mediate this association. NHHR monitoring could help assess the risk of progression in prediabetes participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals with diabetes: inflammatory lipid ratio accelerate this progression.","authors":"Chunyu Yan, Guang Chen, Yingyu Jing, Qi Ruan, Ping Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01638-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01638-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term exposure to air pollution significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the association and underlying mechanisms in individuals with diabetes remain unconfirmed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to follow 5,430 adults over a four-year period. Baseline CVD and diabetes status were determined, and high-resolution data were used to assess air pollution exposure to PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and O₃. The inflammatory lipid ratio (ILR) was calculated to reflect inflammatory and lipid metabolic states. A generalized linear model (GLM) was employed to analyze the effects of air pollution and ILR on diabetes-related CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of CVD was 8.5% in the healthy population and 13.8% in the diabetic population. Air pollution exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVD among diabetic individuals. For each interquartile range (IQR) increase in concentrations of pollutants O₃, PM₁, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5, CVD risk in the diabetic group rose by 21%, 19%, 28%, and 19%, respectively. Higher ILR values were positively associated with CVD incidence (OR = 1.019, 95% CI: 1.001-1.037, P < 0.05), with a nonlinear relationship observed between ILR levels and CVD risk (P_Nonlinear = 0.0381), indicating that higher ILR values exacerbate the impact of air pollution on diabetic individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among middle-aged and older adults with diabetes, exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of CVD, and ILR intensifies this process. Therefore, implementing effective public health interventions to reduce air pollution exposure in diabetic populations is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes after a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis update.","authors":"Paula Andreghetto Bracco, Angela Jacob Reichelt, Luísia Feichas Alves, Pedro Rodrigues Vidor, Maria Lúcia Rocha Oppermann, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Maria Inês Schmidt","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01606-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01606-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and lifestyle intervention (LSI) offered a decade after pregnancy is effective in preventing diabetes. However, since diabetes frequently onsets in the initial years following pregnancy, preventive actions should be implemented closer to pregnancy. We aimed to assess the effect of lifestyle interventions, compared to standard care, in reducing the incidence of diabetes following a pregnancy complicated by GDM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science from inception to July 21, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing LSI to prevent diabetes following gestational diabetes. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We evaluated the risk of bias with the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool RoB-2 and the certainty of the evidence with GRADE methodology. We used the DerSimonian-Laird random effects pooling method and evaluated heterogeneity with the I² statistic and the Chi² test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 24 studies involving 9017 women. In studies without high risk of bias (18 studies; 8,357 women), LSI reduced the incidence of diabetes by 19% (RR = 0.81; 95%CI 0.71.0.93). The effect was significant and more protective (RR = 0.78; 0.65, 0.94) in studies evaluating women with GDM identified specifically as at a higher risk of diabetes, compared to those intervening on women with GDM irrespective of risk (RR = 0.85; 0.70, 1.04). Similarly, when expressed in absolute terms, the overall number needed to treat (NNT) was 56 considering all studies, 71 for women with GDM irrespective of risk, and 31 for women with GDM at high risk. The intervention produced a lower weight gain (mean difference=-0.88 kg;-1.52, -0.23 for all studies; -0.62 kg;-1.22, -0.02 for studies without high risk of bias). The effects were robust in sensitivity analyses and supported by evidence of moderate certainty for diabetes and weight change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LSI offered to women with GDM following pregnancy is effective in preventing type 2 diabetes, despite the small postpartum weight change. The impact of LSI on incidence reduction was greater for women with GDM at a higher diabetes risk.</p><p><strong>Prospero: </strong>Registration number CRD42024555086, Jun 28, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of unfavorable outcome of acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus.","authors":"L P Kogan, K G Korneva, A E Volvach, S V Sorokoumova, A A Modelkina, G A Novikov","doi":"10.1186/s13098-025-01605-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-025-01605-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The aim of the study: </strong>Using the method of spectral-probability analysis, to evaluate the possibility of predicting an unfavorable outcome of acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit using a mathematical model. In relation to clinical practice, the implementation of the proposed algorithm for mathematical processing of a set of test data provides the physician with an additional significant criterion for assessing the probability of a tendency to develop type 1 diabetes in healthy children being examined whose brothers or sisters suffer from this disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 103 medical records of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit for acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With regard to the set of analyses of patients with acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus, carried out at the time of admission to hospital, a group of mathematical criteria has been defined that makes it possible to identify patients with a high risk of an unfavorable course of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"17 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}