Current Opinion in Neurology最新文献_第5页

Updates for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma: a review of recent clinical trials. 新诊断和复发胶质母细胞瘤的最新治疗方法：近期临床试验综述。

IF 4.8 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001320

Corinna M Fukushima,John de Groot

{"title":"Updates for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma: a review of recent clinical trials.","authors":"Corinna M Fukushima,John de Groot","doi":"10.1097/wco.0000000000001320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001320","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEWGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary malignant brain tumor. We summarize recent advances in radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy approaches for the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma. We also introduce ongoing clinical trials.RECENT FINDINGSRecent clinical trials have explored multiple novel strategies to treat GBM including the use of oncoviruses, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, vaccines, radiotherapy, and novel drug delivery techniques to improves drug penetrance across the blood brain barrier. Approaches to improve drug delivery to brain tumors have the potential to expand treatment options of existing therapies that otherwise have poor brain tumor penetrance. Immunotherapy has been of keen interest in both newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma. Vaccines SurVaxM and DCVax-L have shown initial promise in phase II and III trials, respectively. CAR T cell therapy trials are in their early phases but hold promise in both newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma.SUMMARYAlthough progress to improve outcomes for GBM patients has been modest, multiple novel strategies utilizing combination therapies, focused ultrasound to improve drug delivery, and novel immunotherapies are underway.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas. 治疗 IDH 突变胶质瘤的进展。

IF 4.8 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001316

Chooyoung Baek,Alice Laurenge,Mehdi Touat

引用次数: 0

Perception and control of a virtual body in immersive virtual reality for rehabilitation. 在用于康复的沉浸式虚拟现实中感知和控制虚拟人体。

IF 4.8 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001321

Tony Donegan,Maria V Sanchez-Vives

{"title":"Perception and control of a virtual body in immersive virtual reality for rehabilitation.","authors":"Tony Donegan,Maria V Sanchez-Vives","doi":"10.1097/wco.0000000000001321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000001321","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEWThis review explores recent advances in using immersive virtual reality to improve bodily perception and motor control in rehabilitation across musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, examining how virtual reality's unique capabilities can address the challenges of traditional approaches. The potential in this area of the emerging metaverse and the integration of artificial intelligence in virtual reality are discussed.RECENT FINDINGSIn musculoskeletal rehabilitation, virtual reality shows promise in enhancing motivation, adherence, improving range of motion, and reducing kinesiophobia, particularly postsurgery. For neurological conditions like stroke and spinal cord injury, virtual reality's ability to manipulate bodily perceptions offers significant therapeutic potential, with reported improvements in upper limb function and gait performance. Balance and gait rehabilitation, especially in older adults, have also seen positive outcomes. The integration of virtual reality with brain-computer interfaces presents exciting possibilities for severe speech and motor impairments.SUMMARYCurrent research is limited by small sample sizes, short intervention durations, and variability in virtual reality systems. Future studies should focus on larger, long-term trials to confirm findings and explore underlying mechanisms. As virtual reality technology advances, its integration into rehabilitation programs could revolutionize treatment approaches, personalizing treatments, facilitating home training, and potentially improving patient outcomes across a wide variety of conditions.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PET-based brain molecular connectivity in neurodegenerative disease. 神经退行性疾病中基于 PET 的大脑分子连接。

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001283

Jordan U Hanania, Erik Reimers, Connor W J Bevington, Vesna Sossi

{"title":"PET-based brain molecular connectivity in neurodegenerative disease.","authors":"Jordan U Hanania, Erik Reimers, Connor W J Bevington, Vesna Sossi","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001283","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001283","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Molecular imaging has traditionally been used and interpreted primarily in the context of localized and relatively static neurochemical processes. New understanding of brain function and development of novel molecular imaging protocols and analysis methods highlights the relevance of molecular networks that co-exist and interact with functional and structural networks. Although the concept and evidence of disease-specific metabolic brain patterns has existed for some time, only recently has such an approach been applied in the neurotransmitter domain and in the context of multitracer and multimodal studies. This review briefly summarizes initial findings and highlights emerging applications enabled by this new approach.Recent findings: Connectivity based approaches applied to molecular and multimodal imaging have uncovered molecular networks with neurodegeneration-related alterations to metabolism and neurotransmission that uniquely relate to clinical findings; better disease stratification paradigms; an improved understanding of the relationships between neurochemical and functional networks and their related alterations, although the directionality of these relationships are still unresolved; and a new understanding of the molecular underpinning of disease-related alteration in resting-state brain activity.Summary: Connectivity approaches are poised to greatly enhance the information that can be extracted from molecular imaging. While currently mostly contributing to enhancing understanding of brain function, they are highly likely to contribute to the identification of specific biomarkers that will improve disease management and clinical care.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Freezing of gait: pharmacological and surgical options. 步态冻结：药物和手术方案。

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001278

Gonzalo Gámez-Leyva, Esther Cubo

{"title":"Freezing of gait: pharmacological and surgical options.","authors":"Gonzalo Gámez-Leyva, Esther Cubo","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001278","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001278","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The primary aim of this review is to describe and update the pathophysiological and relevant therapeutic strategies for freezing of gait (FoG) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Recent findings: FoG presumably involves dysfunction of multiple cortical and subcortical components, including dopaminergic and nondopaminergic circuits. In this regard, levodopa and physical therapy represent the first-choice therapeutic options for PD patients with FoG. However, the relationship between FoG and levodopa is not fully predictable. For those patients with levodopa-resistant FoG, there is promising but still controversial data on the benefits of bilateral high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation on the subthalamic nuclei, substantia nigra pars reticulata, pedunculopontine nucleus, and the Fields of Forel. On the other hand, general exercise, gait training with a treadmill, focus attention on gait training, and conventional physiotherapy have demonstrated moderate to large benefits in FoG.Summary: FOG requires different treatment strategies. The inclusion of adequate detection and prediction of FoG combined with double-blind, and statistically powered protocols are needed to improve patients' quality of life, the motor and nonmotor symptoms and societal burden associated with FoG.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"394-399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myoclonus: an update. 肌阵挛：最新进展

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001276

Betsy Thomas, Steven J Frucht

{"title":"Myoclonus: an update.","authors":"Betsy Thomas, Steven J Frucht","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001276","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001276","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Myoclonus, a common hyperkinetic movement disorder, can be disabling for patients. It is important to identify and classify myoclonus correctly to ensure appropriate workup and treatment. While the clinical history, examination, and process of classifying myoclonus remain largely unchanged, new causes and triggers for myoclonus are being elucidated, and new genetic causes have been found. Treatment can be challenging, though preliminary data about new options has been promising.Recent findings: In this article, we will briefly outline the process of classifying and treating myoclonus. We will then discuss three specific scenarios where myoclonus has been identified: myoclonus associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, spinal myoclonus following surgery or anesthesia of the spine, and auricular myoclonus. We will also discuss new genetic findings associated with myoclonus-dystonia, and promising results regarding the use of perampanel in treating myoclonus.Summary: The process of describing unique scenarios associated with myoclonus has helped us build our understanding of the causes, genetic background, expected prognosis, and effective treatment of specific types of myoclonus. We hope that further studies on this topic will help tailor treatment.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"421-425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sleep and circadian rhythm dysfunctions in movement disorders beyond Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonisms. 帕金森病和非典型帕金森病以外的运动障碍中的睡眠和昼夜节律失调。

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001286

Jirada Sringean

{"title":"Sleep and circadian rhythm dysfunctions in movement disorders beyond Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonisms.","authors":"Jirada Sringean","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001286","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001286","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aimed to comprehensively outline sleep and circadian rhythm abnormalities in hyperkinetic movement disorders beyond Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonisms, including tremor, dystonia, choreiform movements, tics, and ataxia disorders.Recent findings: Insomnia, poor sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) are commonly reported in essential tremor, Wilson's disease, tics or Tourette's syndrome, and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) have been observed in Wilson's disease and SCA. A combination of REM and non-REM parasomnias, along with nocturnal stridor with the initiation of sleep and re-entering after awakening, are characterized by undifferentiated Non-REM and poorly structured N2 in anti-IgLON5 disease. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been reported commonly in SCAs. Sleep-related dyskinesia has been reported in ADCY5-related disease and GNAO1-related movement disorder.Summary: Sleep problems can manifest as a result of movement disorders, either through direct motor disturbances or secondary nonmotor symptoms. Medication effects must be considered, as certain medications for movement disorders can exacerbate or alleviate sleep disturbances. Distinguishing sleep problems in some diseases might involve pathognomonic symptoms and signs, aiding in the diagnosis of movement disorders.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"414-420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-field MRI for use in neurological diseases. 用于神经系统疾病的低场磁共振成像。

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001282

Sharada Balaji, Neale Wiley, Megan E Poorman, Shannon H Kolind

{"title":"Low-field MRI for use in neurological diseases.","authors":"Sharada Balaji, Neale Wiley, Megan E Poorman, Shannon H Kolind","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001282","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001282","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review recent clinical uses of low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide incorporation into neurological practice.Recent findings: Use of low-field MRI has been demonstrated in applications including tumours, vascular pathologies, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and paediatrics. Safety, workflow, and image quality have also been evaluated.Summary: Low-field MRI has the potential to increase access to critical brain imaging for patients who otherwise may not obtain imaging in a timely manner. This includes areas such as the intensive care unit and emergency room, where patients could be imaged at the point of care rather than be transported to the MRI scanner. Such systems are often more affordable than conventional systems, allowing them to be more easily deployed in resource constrained settings. A variety of systems are available on the market or in a research setting and are currently being used to determine clinical uses for these devices. The utility of such devices must be fully evaluated in clinical scenarios before adoption into standard practice can be achieved. This review summarizes recent clinical uses of low-field MR as well as safety, workflows, and image quality to aid practitioners in assessing this new technology.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"381-391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in functional and structural imaging of the brainstem: implications for disease. 脑干功能和结构成像的进展：对疾病的影响。

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001284

Jiayue Cai, Yuheng Wang, Martin J McKeown

{"title":"Advances in functional and structural imaging of the brainstem: implications for disease.","authors":"Jiayue Cai, Yuheng Wang, Martin J McKeown","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001284","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001284","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The brainstem's complex anatomy and relatively small size means that structural and functional assessment of this structure is done less frequently compared to other brain areas. However, recent years have seen substantial progress in brainstem imaging, enabling more detailed investigations into its structure and function, as well as its role in neuropathology.Recent findings: Advancements in ultrahigh field MRI technology have allowed for unprecedented spatial resolution in brainstem imaging, facilitating the new creation of detailed brainstem-specific atlases. Methodological improvements have significantly enhanced the accuracy of physiological (cardiac and respiratory) noise correction within brainstem imaging studies. These technological and methodological advancements have allowed for in-depth analyses of the brainstem's anatomy, including quantitative assessments and examinations of structural connectivity within both gray and white matter. Furthermore, functional studies, including assessments of activation patterns and functional connectivity, have revealed the brainstem's roles in both specialized functions and broader neural integration. Notably, these investigations have identified alterations in brainstem structure and function associated with various neurological disorders.Summary: The aforementioned developments have allowed for a greater appreciation of the importance of the brainstem in the wider context of neuroscience and clinical neurology.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"361-368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An update on multiple system atrophy. 多系统萎缩的最新进展

IF 4.1 2区医学

Current Opinion in Neurology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001285

Iva Stankovic, Mechteld Kuijpers, Horacio Kaufmann

{"title":"An update on multiple system atrophy.","authors":"Iva Stankovic, Mechteld Kuijpers, Horacio Kaufmann","doi":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001285","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WCO.0000000000001285","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rapidly progressive synucleinopathy characterized by autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and cerebellar ataxia. Here, we provide an update on α-synuclein's role in MSA pathophysiology and review the new Movement Disorders Society (MDS) diagnostic criteria and the utility of α-synuclein-based biomarkers. We also highlight ongoing efforts toward clinical trial readiness and review potential disease-modifying therapies undergoing clinical trials.Recent findings: A role of urinary tract infections in triggering α-synuclein aggregation and contribution of genes implicated in oligodendroglial development have been suggested in the MSA pathophysiology. The clinically probable MSA category of the new diagnostic criteria shows improved accuracy in early disease stages. Predictors of phenoconversion from pure autonomic failure to MSA are now better defined. Alpha-synuclein strains in CSF and serum, phosphorylated α-synuclein deposits in the skin, and brain α-synuclein pathology visualized using PET ligand [18F]ACI-12589 are emerging as valuable diagnostic tools. Clinical trials in MSA investigate drugs targeting α-synuclein aggregation or preventing α-synuclein expression, along with stem cell and gene therapies to halt disease progression.Summary: New MSA diagnostic criteria and α-synuclein-based biomarkers may enhance diagnostic accuracy while promising therapies are in development to address disease progression.","PeriodicalId":11059,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"400-408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0