{"title":"Photoluminescent characteristics of novel CaGdAl3O7: Sm3+ nanophosphors for WLEDs","authors":"Mansi Malik, Dinesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This report presents an inclusive examination into synthesis, structural and optical properties of Sm<sup>3+</sup> activated CaGdAl<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanophosphors, aimed to develop tuneable luminous materials for applications i.e. white-light-emitting diode (WLED). Sm<sup>3+</sup> activated CaGdAl<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanophosphors have been synthesised via combustion method. Phase purity of synthesised nanophosphors was affirmed via PXRD (Powder X-ray diffraction analysis). TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) study was accomplished to analyse size and surface morphology. EDAX (Energy dispersive X-ray) analysis approves the existence of different element. The PL (Photoluminescence) emission spectra of all samples were recorded upon excitation at 402 nm suggesting orange red emission around 598 nm pertaining to transition <sup>4</sup>G<sub>5/2</sub> → <sup>6</sup>H<sub>7/2</sub> of Sm<sup>3+</sup> ions. The optimal Sm<sup>3+</sup> concentration was recognized at 7 mol%. Optical bandgap of 3.99 eV was evaluated for CaGd<sub>0.93</sub>Sm<sub>0.07</sub>Al<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> sample. CIE coordinates were (0.634, 0.365) and CCT value (2096 K) of CaGd<sub>0.93</sub>Sm<sub>0.07</sub>Al<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> demonstrates emission of light in warmer region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changhwan Kim , Min Young Jung , Yeong Gwang Khim , Kyeong Jun Lee , Young Jun Chang , Seo Hyoung Chang
{"title":"Epitaxial Sr-doped nickelate perovskite thin films and Ruddlesden-Popper phases grown by magnetron sputtering","authors":"Changhwan Kim , Min Young Jung , Yeong Gwang Khim , Kyeong Jun Lee , Young Jun Chang , Seo Hyoung Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sr-doped nickelate, Nd<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>Sr<sub><em>x</em></sub>NiO<sub>3</sub> (NSNO), perovskite thin films and Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases are actively investigated because of their physical properties, such as the metal-insulator transition and superconductivity. However, achieving epitaxial growth of NSNO perovskite and RP phase films in a sputtering system is challenging compared to pulsed laser deposition and molecular beam epitaxy, due to the difficulty in stabilizing nickel oxidation states and minimizing structural defects. Here, we used an off-axis radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering to fabricate epitaxial NSNO perovskite and RP phase thin films on SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (001) substrates, systematically controlling the growth temperatures. We investigated the thermal stability of the perovskite phase and the structural and electronic characteristics of the RP phase films. These findings provide valuable insights into the synthesis of nickelate RP phase films using RF magnetron sputtering, paving the way for scalable thin films fabrication technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Praveena , G. Melwin , P. Ramesh Babu , K. Senthilnathan
{"title":"MoS2 sensitized tapered fiber optic evanescent wave sensor for refractive index based glucose sensing application","authors":"S. Praveena , G. Melwin , P. Ramesh Babu , K. Senthilnathan","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) coated tapered multimode optical fiber sensor is proposed and its characteristics of refractive index sensing are investigated for the application of glucose monitoring. An highly efficient chemical etching approach has been carried out for tapering the multimode optical fiber. The tapered region is coated with MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets and they are synthesized by using a cost-effective liquid phase exfoliation [LPE] method. The ideal solvent for exfoliation has been chosen by comparing the deposition using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and dimethyl formamide (DMF) solvents. It is found that DMF is an ideal solvent for the 2D MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheet synthesis as well as for the deposition of the nanosheets over the optical fiber substrate. The optical deposition method is chosen for integrating the synthesized 2D MoS<sub>2</sub> with the tapered optical fiber. The sensitivity is 25, 297, and 525 %/RIU for the uniform multimode fiber, tapered multimode fiber, and MoS<sub>2</sub> coated tapered multimode optical fiber sensor, respectively. The MoS<sub>2</sub>-coated tapered fiber exhibits the highest sensitivity of 1.7 times and 21 times more than that of the tapered and uniform optical fiber sensor probes. Along with the high sensitivity, the MoS<sub>2</sub>-coated tapered optical fiber sensor probe also possesses high linearity for the change in the RI in the range of 1.33–1.41. It is found this sensor can be operated at any wavelength range from 400 to 1000 nm. Further, we believe that the proposed sensor probe using the intensity interrogation method would turn out to be a potential candidate for health monitoring as it exhibits high sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, and longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 46-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Ag and Pt-loaded g-C3N4 nanocomposite catalysts for improved Hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Aditya Sharma , Harsha Devnani , Jitendra Pal Singh , Mayora Varshney , Hyun Joon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the synthesis of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Ag, and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Pt nanocomposites, along with their investigation into the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Ag, and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Pt crystalline phases. The estimated crystallite sizes of pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, Pt nanoparticles, and Ag nanoparticles are 3.8 nm, 6.4 nm, and 16.4 nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy results reveal the 2D sheet morphology of pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and the granular morphology of Ag- and Pt-loaded g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> samples. The electrochemical investigation reveals the superior HER performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Pt composite, surpassing the pristine g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> alone and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Ag. The g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>@Pt exhibits a lower overpotential (100 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>), smaller Tafel slope (77 mV⋅dec<sup>−1</sup>), and long-term stability tests, which emphasize the practical applicability of these composites under HER conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qianhui Mao , Hengchang Xu , Xianxiang Wang , Yuan Wang , Haidong Li , Lisha Xue , Yang Liu , Jinqin Ye , Jun Ding , Xiaofan Xu , Jinhu Yang
{"title":"Magnetocaloric effect of LaFe13−xSix(x = 1.3, 1.4, 1.5) composites – A comparative study","authors":"Qianhui Mao , Hengchang Xu , Xianxiang Wang , Yuan Wang , Haidong Li , Lisha Xue , Yang Liu , Jinqin Ye , Jun Ding , Xiaofan Xu , Jinhu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have investigated the magnetocaloric effect of two types of composites, which are obtained by sintering LaFe<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>Si<sub><em>x</em></sub> into layer and powder mixtures, respectively. It is found that the ferromagnetic Curie temperature reaches 225 K for both composites, significantly higher than their component parts. The evaluated maximum magnetic entropy change for the layered compound is 3.4(8) and 5.0(1) J kg<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup> at field differences Δ<em>H</em> = 0-2 T and 0-3 T, respectively. In the case of powdered mixture, the values rise dramatically to 9.0(6) and 11.9(4) J kg<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup> at the same Δ<em>H</em>. The material's utility for magnetic refrigeration is estimated using the Temperature averaged Entropy Change (TEC) and the Relative Cooling Power (RCP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 10-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical properties and deformation characteristic of few-layer gold nanolayers","authors":"Thi-Xuyen Bui , Yu-Sheng Lu , Te-Hua Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of few-layer gold nanolayers using molecular dynamics simulations under varying layer numbers, temperatures, and strain rates. Results show that tensile strength and Young's modulus increase with more layers, with 3- to 5-layer samples undergoing a strain-sensitive phase transition that enhances strength. Dislocation formation occurs only in the 4- and 5-layer samples, while 1- and 2-layer samples maintain a stable, amorphous structure. Tensile strength decreases with higher temperatures due to thermal softening. Strain rate strongly influences stress values and yield stress, particularly in the 1- and 2-layer samples. The Zerilli-Armstrong and Power Law models predict yield stress at quasi-static rates, showing an overall increase with strain rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 15-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Tang , Dengqin Tan , Manfei Liu , Ziyi Wang , Long Li , Bozhou Zhang , Junheng Pan
{"title":"Research on dynamic transport and intelligent distribution of dielectric fluids driven by non-uniform electric fields","authors":"Qiang Tang , Dengqin Tan , Manfei Liu , Ziyi Wang , Long Li , Bozhou Zhang , Junheng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel electric field-driven system for dynamic transport and intelligent manipulation of dielectric fluids, leveraging a unique design of serrated microelectrodes and high-voltage copper rods to generate non-uniform electric fields. Through experiments and simulations, the system achieves fast-response, contactless fluid transport and distribution. The electrodynamic behavior of dielectric fluids under electrode switching is thoroughly analyzed, enabling precise directional control. The system handles complex fluids, including emulsions, suspensions, and high-viscosity liquids, and demonstrates practical applications such as precise multi-fluid blending and autonomous thermal management via temperature-responsive transport. These results emphasize the system's adaptability, high efficiency, and potential for integration into advanced industrial and scientific processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monika P. Joshi , Popatrao N. Bhosale , Sawanta S. Mali , Chang Kook Hong
{"title":"Evaluating physio-chemical and optoelectronic properties of CuInSn(S,Se)4 thin films and its photoelectrochemical cell application","authors":"Monika P. Joshi , Popatrao N. Bhosale , Sawanta S. Mali , Chang Kook Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, CuInSn(S,Se)<sub>4</sub> (CITSSe) thin films were synthesized using a self-organized, facile arrested precipitation technique at room temperature. The variation in physio-chemical and optoelectronic properties of the thin films was systematically studied by probing the In<sup>3+</sup> ion concentration. The synthesized CITSSe thin films exhibited significant improvements in optostructural and optoelectronic properties. Optical absorption studies confirmed a direct allowed transition with a band gap energy ranging from 1.40 to 1.54 eV. X-ray diffraction analysis verified the formation of a cubic crystal structure, while a peak shift from (220) to (511) with increasing In<sup>3+</sup> ion concentration indicated successful incorporation of In<sup>3+</sup> ions into the CITSSe matrix. A notable modification in surface morphology was observed, transitioning from nanocubes to nanocorals from sample I<sub>0</sub> to I<sub>4</sub>. The elemental composition of the CITSSe thin films was confirmed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Furthermore, the nanocrystalline nature of the pentanary CITSSe thin films was validated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction patterns. Photoelectrochemical and impedance characteristics were analyzed using a two-electrode cell configuration, where the highest photoelectrochemical efficiency of 0.61 % was achieved for the bare CITSSe thin film, exhibiting low charge transfer resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 63-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical wrapping for selective crystal formation using trapping light induction","authors":"Md Jahidul Islam, Md Hafizul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, we demonstrated how different products emerge from the same precursor solution based on experimental conditions, particularly laser trapping and thermal heating. Using a precursor solution of MACl and PbI<sub>2</sub> in a DMSO/DMF solvent, we observed that laser trapping selectively induces MAPbCl<sub>3</sub> crystallization, yielding a material with a 2.94 eV bandgap and dark blue emission at 440 nm. In contrast, thermal heating of the same solution leads to the formation of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> thin films, characterized by bright red emission at 800 nm. This phenomenon is attributed to chemical wrapping effects, where solvent interactions and thermochemical conditions influence the final product. The ability to control perovskite formation through external stimuli like laser trapping expands the possibilities for fine-tuning material properties for targeted applications. This research not only deepens our understanding of crystallization dynamics in hybrid perovskites but also paves the way for innovative techniques in precision material synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Systematic analysis of the optical properties of ZnGa2Se4 single crystal","authors":"S.G. Asadullayeva , Z.А. Jahangirli , T.G. Naghiyev , A.S. Abiyev","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The single crystals of ZnGa<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> compound were grown by gas transportation method. Photoluminescence (PL), photoconductivity (PC) properties was experimentally investigated. PL emission measurements in wide range of temperature (5–300 K) shown that the intensity of PL emission peak increase with decreasing the temperature. Simultaneously, blue shifts from 536 nm (2.31 eV) to 530 nm (2.34 eV) is observed at PL maxima by decreasing the temperature. Moreover, a strong PL peak with maximum at 1600 nm (0.77 eV) associated with an electronic transition from the acceptor level to the valence band is observed for the first time. The DFT calculations confirmed that PL excitation (PLE) peak at 2.83 eV can be associated with the electronic transition from the VBM to the CBM. Obtained experimental data and ab initio calculations for ZnGa<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> single crystals show good agreement. In general, experimental results were confirmed by ab-initio calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}