Current Applied Physics最新文献

{"title":"Low hysteresis loss and moderate magnetic entropy change near room temperature in the bulk Ni39Co7Mn43Sn7Ti4 alloy","authors":"F. Chen ,&nbsp;C.F. Sánchez-Valdés ,&nbsp;F.H. Chen ,&nbsp;Y.X. Tong ,&nbsp;L. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni-Co-Mn-Sn alloys with a significant magnetocaloric effect are considered promising candidates for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration. Alloying serves as an effective method to tune the working temperature and magnetocaloric properties of Ni-Co-Mn-Sn alloys. Here, we report the phase transformation and magnetocaloric properties of polycrys<strong>talline Ni₃₉Co₇Mn₄₃Sn₇Ti₄ by alloying with a relatively high Ti content. This alloy displays a first-order martensitic transformation (MT) near room temperature and a second-order magnetic transition in austenite at 366 K. The application of a magnetic field significantly widened the temperature range of the MT, thereby contributing to a substantial effective refrigeration capacity of 198 J kg⁻¹ at a magnetic field change of 5 T. Moreover, the alloy exhibits simultaneously a moderate isothermal magnetic entropy change (12.2 J kg⁻¹</strong> <strong>K⁻¹) and a low average hysteresis loss (40 J kg⁻¹) due to the weakened magnetic field-induced reverse martensitic transformation caused by Ti alloying</strong>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-twisted hybrid LC polarization rotator with ultra-broadband and low-voltage operation","authors":"Sang-Hee Lee,&nbsp;Seung-Won Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an ultra-broadband and voltage-tunable polarization rotator based on a hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) liquid crystal cell with an intentional pre-twisted configuration. By employing a rubbing angle of ∼130° between the planar and vertical alignment layers, an initial twist angle of ∼30° is formed even in the absence of an external field. Applying a vertical electric field gradually lowers the polar angle of the LC molecules while preserving their azimuthal twist, thereby increasing their contribution to polarization rotation. The proposed structure achieves a continuous rotation of the polarization vector from 0° to 90° over a wavelength range of 200–2000 nm with a degree of linear polarization (DoLP) exceeding 0.9. Compared with previous approaches, this design operates at a significantly lower driving voltage (∼10 V) and eliminates the need for patterned electrodes, enhancing its compatibility with large-area and low-cost fabrication. The optical response is supported by director simulations and Jones matrix calculations, highlighting the physical mechanisms underlying its broadband and tunable polarization control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization-mediated electromagnetic and transport properties of multiferroic MnSe2/Al2S3 van der Waals heterostructures","authors":"Liyan Li ,&nbsp;Daifeng Zou ,&nbsp;Weiyao Jia ,&nbsp;Shuhong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) multiferroic van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, combining ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, offer unprecedented opportunities for next-generation spintronic and memory devices. However, achieving strong magnetoelectric coupling and room-temperature stability remains a significant challenge. Here, we investigate the polarization-mediated electromagnetic and transport properties of the MnSe₂/Al₂S₃ vdW heterostructure using first-principles density functional theory calculations. Our results demonstrate robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and electrically tunable interfacial charge transfer, enabling reversible switching between Schottky-barrier-limited and metallic conduction regimes. Remarkably, the ferroelectric polarization reversal in Al₂S₃ induces a substantial tunneling electroresistance (TER) effect, with a ratio reaching 3.18 × 10³ %, highlighting its potential for non-volatile memory applications. Furthermore, the system exhibits enhanced thermal stability, with Curie temperatures of ∼203 K and ∼153 K under up polarized and down polarized states, surpassing those of many 2D ferromagnetic materials. These findings establish the MnSe₂/Al₂S₃ heterostructure as a promising platform for multifunctional spintronic devices, providing critical insights into the design of high-performance, energy-efficient nanoelectronics through interfacial magnetoelectric coupling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 234-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural properties and ablation behaviors of homogeneous ZrC multi-layer coated on carbon/carbon composites via a multi-step vacuum plasma spray coating process","authors":"A-Young Moon ,&nbsp;Ho Seok Kim ,&nbsp;Jong Geun Bae ,&nbsp;Deog Gyun Cho ,&nbsp;Woon-Yong Park ,&nbsp;Se Youn Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ablation-resistant zirconium carbide (ZrC) layers were coated onto carbon/carbon (C/C) composites using vacuum plasma spraying. The structural and ablative characteristics of ZrC layers applied in single-versus multi-step coating processes were compared. An increase in the number of coating cycles from 4 to 20 in single-step coating increased the ZrC layer's thickness from 32.3 μm to 116.2 μm even though the coating rate per cycle was reduced from 8.1 μm/cycle to 5.8 μm/cycle. By increasing the number of cycles, the substrate surface was continuously heated, enhancing the lateral spread of molten droplets and improving the porosity and hardness of the ZrC layer. On the other hand, multi-step coating, involving repetition of the single-step process, yielded a 20% thickness increase of ZrC layers with a higher coating rate while maintaining comparable mechanical properties despite an identical total number of coating cycles. Furthermore, the multi-step-coated layers showed better thermal oxidation resistance than the single-step-coated layers due to the formation of ZrC/ZrC interfaces having larger grain boundaries and the thicker ZrC_xO_y layers, effectively barring oxygen diffusion. The multi-step coating of identical ZrC layers suggested the better thermal oxidation resistant protection way for C/C composite without the reduction of coated layer's properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 194-203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La3+ doped at A-position improves the energy storage density of BNT-based lead-free energy storage ceramics","authors":"Yanchun Hu,&nbsp;Ying Zhao,&nbsp;Wenke Ma,&nbsp;Xianwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an important energy storage device, dielectric capacitor plays an irreplaceable role in modern electronic and power systems because of its characteristics of fast charging, high output, long life and high temperature stability. Among various dielectric materials, Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-based energy storage ceramics with high saturation polarization are limited due to high conductivity and high residual polarization. In this paper, Bi_(0.5-x)Na_0.5La_xTiO₃ (denoted as BNL_xT) ceramic was prepared by solid state reaction method. By introducing La³⁺ at A position, the Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-based lead-free ceramic was modified to improve its relaxation characteristics and breakdown strength, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing energy storage density and energy storage efficiency. The introduction of La³⁺ at A position creates a wide temperature platform between dielectric anomalies, indicating that La³⁺ can effectively induce the relaxation characteristics of BNT ceramics. The breakdown strength is increased from 136 kV/cm of pure BNT ceramics to 198 kV/cm of Bi_0.455Na_0.5La_0.045TiO₃ ceramics, which is 1.46 times higher than before. The residual polarization decreased from 49.24 μC/cm² to 35.29 μC/cm², and the effective energy storage density increased from 0.80J/cm³ to 2.07J/cm³, an increase of 2.58 times than before. In addition, the energy storage efficiency achieved a transformation of 10.39 %–26.87 %, which is 2.59 times higher than pure BNT. The results show that La³⁺ can effectively induce the relaxation characteristics of BNT ceramics, improve the effective energy storage density and energy storage efficiency, and is a good dopant to optimize the energy storage performance of BNT-based ceramics, providing feasibility for optimizing the energy storage performance of BNT-based ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 204-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative morphological analysis of electrospun PAN/PVDF nanofibers for waterproof breathable membrane applications","authors":"Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar ,&nbsp;Rizky Aflaha ,&nbsp;Alex Triputra Lumban Tobing ,&nbsp;Tarmizi Taher ,&nbsp;Kuwat Triyana ,&nbsp;Hutomo Suryo Wasisto ,&nbsp;Aldes Lesbani ,&nbsp;Aditya Rianjanu","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterproof and breathable membranes are critical for protective textiles, filtration, and wearable applications. However, balancing water resistance with vapor permeability remains challenging. This study investigates the morphological effects of electrospun polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride (PAN/PVDF) nanofiber membranes on their waterproofness, breathability, and mechanical integrity. Varying polymer concentration can control fiber diameter (224–1379 nm) and bead formation, influencing membrane properties. Increasing fiber diameter enhances mechanical strength, with Young's modulus rising from 22.5 MPa to 34.1 MPa. All fabricated membranes exhibit excellent waterproofness, while the larger, bead-free fibers possess improved water vapor transmission and slightly reduced air permeability. FTIR analysis confirms consistent chemical composition across samples. These findings demonstrate that nanofiber morphology can be tailored to optimize performance, offering valuable insights for the development of multifunctional membranes for environmental, industrial, and wearable use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 224-233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional optoelectronic element based on n-InSe layered semiconductor doped with rare-earth elements","authors":"T.G. Naghiyev ,&nbsp;R.F. Babayeva ,&nbsp;A. Sh Abdinov","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The switching effect, the “phototrigger effect,” and electroluminescence were experimentally investigated in both pure and rare-earth (Ho and Er) doped n-InSe crystals. It was established that, under certain conditions, all three effects can be observed simultaneously in the same sample for both groups of crystals. For pure crystals, the parameters of these effects depend on the initial dark resistivity measured at 77 K. In contrast, for rare earth element (REE) doped crystals, the parameters do not depend on the chemical nature of the dopant but vary non-monotonically with its concentration (N_REE). The most stable characteristics were observed in pure crystals with the lowest initial specific dark resistivity, and in doped crystals with 10⁻²&lt;<em>N</em>_<em>REE</em>&lt;10⁻¹ at.%. The underlying physical mechanisms of these results are qualitatively discussed, and the potential applications of such effects in optoelectronic devices are highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning growth parameter for the controlled synthesis of 2D WS2","authors":"Nishtha Sagta,&nbsp;Ajay Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) synthesis of high-quality 2D WS₂ (tungsten disulfide) critically depends on the precise timing of sulfur vapor introduction. This study investigates the role of sulfur-rich environment and growth time on the surface morphology of 2D WS₂ films on the silicon substrate. Three different varying sets of parameters, designated as SP₁, SP₂, and SP₃, were examined to optimize the time of sulfur vapor introduction. This process enabled the formation of large mono- and bi-layer triangular islands, with flake sizes ranging from ∼70 to 164 μm, as well as long few-layer structures. The atomically thin WS₂ exhibited strong photoluminescence (PL) at ∼1.93 eV, with a ∼70-fold enhancement and a full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of ∼12 nm. The optimized SP₃ parameters were applied using the sapphire substrate, and the results were consistent. Thus, this study highlights the crucial role of sulfur vapor synchronization in WS₂ synthesis, enabling control over their morphology, growth and size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 182-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic chirality in two-dimensional dimer photonic crystals enabled by cross-polarization-suppressed bound states in the continuum","authors":"Kyungnam Kang ,&nbsp;Youngjun Chung ,&nbsp;Gyuin Baek ,&nbsp;Myungjae Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breaking in-plane and out-of-plane symmetries in photonic crystals is key to achieving intrinsic chirality, enabling chiroptical responses and chiral emission. Bound states in the continuum enhance quality factors and light-matter interactions, but achieving both high quality factor and true intrinsic chirality is challenging, as three-dimensional chiral structures are complex to fabricate and conventional two-dimensional designs often rely on polarization conversion. Here, we demonstrate an intrinsically chiral two-dimensional planar photonic crystal slab based on a quasi-bound state in the continuum that breaks only in-plane symmetry using nanohole dimers. The proposed slab selectively couples to circular polarization regardless of incident direction without out-of-plane perturbations. Co-polarized circular dichroism and the degree of circular polarization of chiral emission reach −0.96 and 0.73, respectively, with a high quality factor of 4892. Our design is compatible with standard top-down lithography and offers potential for chiral lasing and sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal-liquid interfacial free energy and thermophysical properties of refractory Mo, Nb and Ta pure metal elements","authors":"Yong Chan Cho ,&nbsp;Shraddha Ganorkar ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Sangho Jeon ,&nbsp;John Jonghyun Lee ,&nbsp;Yun-Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Geun Woo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The crystal-liquid interfacial free energy (IFE) plays a crucial role in understanding crystal nucleation and growth phenomena across various scientific research fields. Measuring the IFE is very challenging under high-temperature environments, due to the volatility, reactivity, and contamination of molten metals that can result in ambiguous understanding of nucleation. It has been known that container-free techniques can overcome the experimental difficulties. In this study, we measure thermophysical parameters of the refractory metallic liquids (i.e., Nb, Mo, and Ta) and calculate their IFE. These results will be useful for understanding the fundamentals of nucleation and glass formation under high-temperature environment, as well as for designing new materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 151-157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}