Current opinion in pediatrics最新文献_第4页

Evaluation and management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. 经前焦虑症的评估与处理。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001563

Shea A Nagle, Pamela J Murray, Emily B Allen

{"title":"Evaluation and management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.","authors":"Shea A Nagle, Pamela J Murray, Emily B Allen","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001563","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001563","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a condition that impacts the quality of life of those affected. Diagnosis can be difficult and lead to delays in treatment. In this article, we review current evidence for the evaluation and treatment of PMDD relevant to pediatric providers and their patients.Recent findings: Recent research emphasizes the difficulties that patients with PMDD face in presenting to care and receiving appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Some of these challenges appear to be exacerbated among populations with comorbid mental health disorders and/or marginalized identities. While there are longstanding data supporting the use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and oral contraceptive pills in managing PMDD, emerging research provides insight on disease pathophysiology, mechanisms of action for current treatments, and potential horizons for new management options.Summary: This article aims to provide practical guidelines for pediatricians to use in the initial evaluation and management of PMDD with special considerations for diverse populations.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"339-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in pediatric endocrinology: clinical applications, governance, and future directions. 儿童内分泌学中的人工智能：临床应用、治理和未来方向。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564

Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, Ambika P Ashraf

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in pediatric endocrinology: clinical applications, governance, and future directions.","authors":"Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, Ambika P Ashraf","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001564","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Artificial intelligence has transitioned from theoretical promise to practical implementation across medicine including pediatric endocrinology. This review examines artificial intelligence applications across diabetes care, obesity management, thyroid disorders, growth and puberty, and bone age assessment followed by discussion of limitations and future directions.Recent findings: Artificial intelligence-driven tools ranging from machine learning algorithms to multimodal large language models enable personalized risk prediction, diagnostic support, and treatment optimization. Human-in-the-Loop frameworks enhance safety by integrating computational efficiency with clinician oversight. In diabetes, artificial intelligence supports glycemic forecasting, automated insulin delivery, complication screening, and digital twin modeling for therapeutic discovery. In obesity, thyroid disease, growth disorders, and bone age assessment, artificial intelligence enhances diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and clinical workflow efficiency. However, widespread implementation raises concerns regarding algorithmic bias, data privacy, transparency, regulatory oversight, and health equity. Addressing these limitations through explainable artificial intelligence, federated learning, and continuous performance monitoring is essential.Summary: Artificial intelligence should be viewed as an augmentative tool that enhances clinical judgment in pediatric endocrinology. Preparing the next generation of pediatric endocrinologists will require intentional integration of artificial intelligence literacy into training programs, equipping clinicians to critically evaluate algorithms, interpret outputs responsibly, and participate in the ethical development of future artificial intelligence-enabled tools.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"409-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment and treatment of binge eating disorder in adolescence. 青少年暴食症的评估与治疗。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-14 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001562

Michele R Smith, Jonathan Chevinsky, Grace Jhe

{"title":"Assessment and treatment of binge eating disorder in adolescence.","authors":"Michele R Smith, Jonathan Chevinsky, Grace Jhe","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001562","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001562","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review provides an update on assessment and treatment approaches for binge eating disorder (BED) in youth. It includes a youth-relevant definition of binge behaviors, a discussion of diagnostic criteria, tools, and practical suggestions for assessment, and a review of the evidence for treatments for BED in adolescents.Recent findings: Assessment tools specific to binge eating are limited. General eating disorder assessment tools may be useful with additional inquiry regarding loss of control. Evidence-based psychological treatments include cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal therapies; support for skills-based treatments targeting mindfulness and emotion regulation is growing. There are no FDA-approved medications for BED in youth. However, with direction from the adult literature, stimulant medication has the strongest emerging position.Summary: Loss of control and binge eating are common behaviors among youth, and BED is a common eating disorder in this population. New assessment approaches better tailored to adolescents have improved the identification of BED in this population. Although smaller than the treatment literature for adults, the growing body of research on psychological and medical interventions portends a positive path forward in treating youth with BED.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"366-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

There's an app for that: promoting independence in child and adolescent health. 有一个应用程序：促进儿童和青少年健康的独立性。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-15 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001581

Caroline Howard, Saia Kalash, Neel Sharma, Ruth Milanaik

{"title":"There's an app for that: promoting independence in child and adolescent health.","authors":"Caroline Howard, Saia Kalash, Neel Sharma, Ruth Milanaik","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001581","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001581","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To provide pediatric clinicians with a list of mobile applications to recommend to patients to promote independence, healthy habits, and self-management skills in children or individuals who may benefit from extra support.Recent findings: Technology has become deeply embedded in healthcare delivery. With 95% of 13-17-year-old teenagers having access to smartphones, mobile applications represent a natural extension of care that can be integrated into treatment plans. Structured routines and healthy habits are positively associated with life satisfaction and negatively associated with anxiety and depression, emphasizing the value of interventions that support self-management. Mobile applications span diverse functions to support adolescent development: health-tracking apps enable chronic disease management and mental health monitoring; habit-tracking tools reinforce positive routines; study platforms provide personalized learning; and focus apps strengthen attention and time management.Summary: Mobile applications are low-cost, accessible tools that represent valuable adjuncts to traditional pediatric care. Apps spanning health tracking, habit formation, academic support, and focus enhancement provide frameworks for youth to develop autonomy. When integrated into care plans, these apps can reinforce positive behaviors, support chronic disease management, and promote lifelong healthy habits. Clinicians and caregivers should collaboratively explore which applications best meet each child's needs.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"447-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of sex steroids in the human gut microbiome. 性类固醇在人类肠道微生物群中的作用。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001527

Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Valeria Calcaterra

{"title":"The role of sex steroids in the human gut microbiome.","authors":"Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Valeria Calcaterra","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001527","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001527","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sex steroid hormones and the gut microbiome are increasingly recognized as bidirectionally interacting regulators of growth, metabolism, and endocrine maturation. While most research has focused on adults, accumulating evidence indicates that these interactions are established early in life and influence pubertal timing, metabolic homeostasis, and neuroendocrine development. This review synthesizes current human evidence on microbiome-sex steroid relationships across childhood and adolescence, highlighting mechanistic insights and clinical implications for pediatric endocrinology.Recent findings: Gut microbes modulate steroid hormone metabolism through enzymatic deconjugation and enterohepatic circulation, while pubertal hormonal shifts reciprocally influence microbial diversity and function. Early-life dysbiosis linked to antibiotics, diet, or obesity may alter hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal activity. Microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives regulate immune, metabolic, and neuroendocrine pathways, affecting growth and insulin sensitivity. Disruptions of this microbiome-hormone axis are implicated in pubertal timing disorders, metabolic dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and inflammatory intestinal diseases, whereas fiber-rich diets and probiotics may help restore balance.Summary: The microbiome-sex steroid axis constitutes a fundamental component of pediatric endocrine development. Understanding this bidirectional relationship provides a framework for microbiome-informed strategies aimed at preventing and managing pubertal, metabolic, and neuroendocrine disorders during childhood and adolescence.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"417-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145629473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment and treatment of adolescent hair loss. 青少年脱发的评估与治疗。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-05 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582

Adrienne Conza, Nujood Alzahrani, Yasin Damji

{"title":"Assessment and treatment of adolescent hair loss.","authors":"Adrienne Conza, Nujood Alzahrani, Yasin Damji","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001582","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Hair loss in adolescents carries significant psychosocial impact, and it is often underrecognized and managed without adolescent-specific approaches. This review describes recent advances in diagnostics, pathophysiology, and therapies to improve diagnosis and management of adolescent alopecia.Recent findings: Trichoscopy and ultraviolet-enhanced follicular dermoscopy improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce invasive testing. Androgenetic alopecia is linked to obesity and genetic predisposition; topical minoxidil remains first-line with low-dose oral minoxidil use supported in some cases. Alopecia areata severity frameworks now include chronicity, relapse, nonscalp involvement, refractoriness, and psychosocial burden. Systemic JAK inhibitors have emerged as treatment options for adolescents with sustained regrowth and patient-reported improvements. Psychogenic hair loss is often comorbid with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Summary: Early, etiology-driven assessment and multidisciplinary care are critical for adolescent hair loss. Adolescent-specific data support more individualized systemic treatments for some types of hair loss, while gaps remain in preventive strategies and long-term outcomes, highlighting priorities for future research.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"348-357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging topical nonsteroidal therapies in pediatric dermatology: atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and seborrheic dermatitis. 儿科皮肤病学新兴的局部非甾体疗法：特应性皮炎、牛皮癣、斑秃、白癜风和脂溢性皮炎。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-05 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001580

Jordan Gillespie, Tracy Funk, Julie Dhossche, Liza Kenny, Alison Small

{"title":"Emerging topical nonsteroidal therapies in pediatric dermatology: atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and seborrheic dermatitis.","authors":"Jordan Gillespie, Tracy Funk, Julie Dhossche, Liza Kenny, Alison Small","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001580","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001580","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review the current literature for updates on pediatric nonsteroidal topical therapies (NSTT) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, alopecia areata (AA), vitiligo, and seborrheic dermatitis (SD).Recent findings: The FDA approved difamilast and expanded the approved age ranges for roflumilast, tapinarof, and ruxolitinib to treat AD. Recent studies also show positive results with delgocitinib. In the field of psoriasis, current research shows promise for tapinarof and roflumilast in an expanded age range. Among new AA treatments, relevant literature supports the use of both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. Research in pediatric vitiligo is currently focused on roflumilast and latanoprost. The FDA approved age ranges for roflumilast in SD treatment was expanded, and recent data shows promising efficacy and safety with long term use.Summary: Current pediatric topical therapies are limited for the treatment of AD, psoriasis, AA, vitiligo, and SD. Historically, first line treatment options have included topical corticosteroids (TCS), though these have an increased risk of side effects in a pediatric population. Future clinical practices will likely rely less on TCS and more on NSTT for treatments of chronic pediatric dermatologic conditions.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"382-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a new paradigm of adolescent sexual and reproductive health: Reproductive justice, equity, and wellbeing. 迈向青少年性健康和生殖健康的新范式：生殖正义、公平和福祉。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001577

Alana K Otto, Bianca A Allison, Marissa Raymond-Flesch, Christine Dehlendorf, April J Bell, Amanda E Bryson

{"title":"Toward a new paradigm of adolescent sexual and reproductive health: Reproductive justice, equity, and wellbeing.","authors":"Alana K Otto, Bianca A Allison, Marissa Raymond-Flesch, Christine Dehlendorf, April J Bell, Amanda E Bryson","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001577","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001577","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Despite longstanding consensus that \"sexual and reproductive health\" are defined as more than merely the absence of disease, clinical care and research in adolescent sexual and reproductive health are generally framed in negative terms, with a focus on disease and risk rather than wellbeing, satisfaction, or other desired outcomes. Emphases on risk and risk mitigation have led to the promotion of practices and policies that undermine adolescent autonomy and the principles of reproductive justice.Recent findings: Sexual and reproductive health care and research are evolving toward more holistic, asset-based frameworks. Clinical practice guidelines, particularly around contraceptive care, increasingly call for person-centered care. Sexual and reproductive wellbeing has been proposed as a positive outcome intended to assess fulfillment related to sexuality and reproduction. The sexual and reproductive health equity framework considers structural factors that influence health and wellbeing and calls for upending practices, policies, and systems that perpetuate injustice.Summary: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health care and research must evolve to incorporate principles of reproductive justice. The concepts of sexual and reproductive health equity and sexual and reproductive wellbeing can inform our understanding of what to change and how to measure success. Pediatric clinicians should consider the unique developmental needs of adolescents as they strive to incorporate principles of justice, wellbeing, and equity into clinical care and research.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"328-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Missense mutations in MKRN3 and central precocious puberty: a mutational approach to understanding protein function. MKRN3错义突变与中枢性性早熟：一种理解蛋白质功能的突变方法。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001588

Delphine Franssen, Ursula B Kaiser

{"title":"Missense mutations in MKRN3 and central precocious puberty: a mutational approach to understanding protein function.","authors":"Delphine Franssen, Ursula B Kaiser","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001588","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001588","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Loss-of-function mutations in MKRN3 are the most common monogenic cause of central precocious puberty (CPP), yet the functional consequences of missense variants, which account for the majority of such cases, remain incompletely understood. A growing body of genetic, biochemical, computational, and in vivo studies now allows a domain-by-domain dissection of how missense mutations impair MKRN3 function, offering mechanistic insight into pubertal regulation that extends beyond individual variant reporting.Recent findings: Missense mutations in the C3HC4 RING finger domain consistently reduce ubiquitin ligase activity and impair MKRN3-mediated repression of neurokinin B, kisspeptin, and GnRH, while mutations in C3H zinc finger domains paradoxically enhance auto-ubiquitination or disrupt RNA binding, revealing distinct pathogenic mechanisms. Computational stability analysis shows that destabilizing and stabilizing variants can both be pathogenic, underscoring the limitations of in silico tools alone. Phenotypic variability is shaped by the classes of mutations, sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine sensitivity, epigenetic regulation of MKRN3 promoter activity, and polygenic modifiers of pubertal timing.Summary: Understanding the domain-specific effects of MKRN3 missense mutations refines genotype-phenotype correlations and improves variant interpretation in clinical practice. Integration of functional assays with polygenic risk assessment is essential for accurate genetic counseling in families with CPP.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"424-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A special education primer for the pediatrician: supporting families through educational evaluations and services. 儿科医生的特殊教育入门：通过教育评估和服务支持家庭。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001575

Lillian Maidman Ravikoff, Joseph Mekhail, Caroline Howard, Ruth L Milanaik

引用次数: 0