Eating disorders in Latino boys and young men: the role of sociocultural context in identification, assessment, and treatment.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Existing research on eating disorders has predominantly centered on affluent, young White cisgender women, limiting providers' understanding of how sociocultural context influences the identification, assessment, and treatment of eating disorders among racial and ethnic minorities. Latino boys and young men remain a particularly understudied group in eating disorder studies, despite growing recognition of the prevalence of eating disorders within Latino populations. This review integrates a synthesis of current literature, epidemiological data, and multidisciplinary perspectives on sex and culture to outline how sociocultural factors, including cultural beliefs such as machismo, acculturation, and family dynamics, impact the development and expression of eating disorders in Latinos.

Recent findings: Findings underscore that Latino boys and young men often present with atypical eating disorder symptoms, such as extreme dietary restrictions and excessive exercise aimed at achieving muscularity. Sociocultural factors (i.e., machismo, acculturative stress, and familial pressures) influence the manifestation and progression of these disorders. These influences are compounded by systemic barriers, such as limited access to culturally responsive care and a lack of awareness among providers regarding diverse eating disorder presentations.

Summary: This review highlights the urgent need for culturally informed diagnostic frameworks and interventions to address the eating disorder experiences of Latino boys and young men.