Current HIV Research最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of HIV-1 vpu Gene from Suppressed Viremic Older Individuals with HIV on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy.","authors":"Neha Mishra, Nathan Kummet, Stephen Klotz, Nafees Ahmad","doi":"10.2174/011570162X442062260513151551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162X442062260513151551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>Although advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been able to control HIV infection in people with HIV (HIV+) to achieve suppressed viral loads and recovered CD4 T cell counts, the virus persists in latent reservoirs. Characterizing the molecular, biological, and immunological features of HIV-1 genes from these HIV+ virologically controlled individuals is essential for the development of eradication strategies. The HIV-1 accessory gene, vpu, plays important roles in the release of progeny virions and modulation of innate immune signaling, contributing to viral pathogenesis and persistence in the host. In this study, we analyzed the vpu sequences from 21 predominantly older HIV+ individuals with long-term ART-mediated viral suppression (mostly undetectable viral load) and mostly restored CD4 T cell counts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) extracted from blood samples from 21 HIV+ individuals. Amplification of the vpu gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by cloning utilizing a TOPO vector. Bioinformatics analysis of the vpu nucleotide sequences was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phylogenetic analysis of 288 vpu sequences revealed that the vpu sequences from each of the 21 HIV+ individuals were distinctly separated from one another and formed individual clusters within their respective subtrees. These sequences showed a low degree of genetic variability, reduced genetic diversity estimates, and most patient sequences did not display evidence of positive selective pressure. In 82% of the deduced Vpu amino acid sequences, the open reading frames were intact, with most sequences demonstrating conservation of functional domains necessary for Vpu activity involving virion release, BST-2 degradation, oligomerization, and CD4 degradation. Deduced amino acid sequences exhibited increased variability in the previously identified CTL epitope within Vpu, suggesting the presence of escape mutants.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that the coding sequences and functional domains of the HIV-1 vpu gene from HIV+ PMBC DNA on long-term ART and improved CD4 counts were highly conserved with low genetic diversity and increased variability in the CTL epitope, sug-gesting a role for Vpu in viral persistence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vpu sequences from 21 older HIV+ individuals on long-term ART and suppressed viremia exhibited a low degree of genetic diversity, conserved functional domains, and variability within the CTL epitope, suggesting a role in viral persistence in these HIV+ individuals. These findings may help develop new treatments and curative strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV/AIDS and Dermatological Findings at A Glance: What Has Changed in the ART Era.","authors":"Tuba Damar Çakırca, İsa An","doi":"10.2174/011570162X435140260327050554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162X435140260327050554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence and diversity of dermatoses in HIV infected patients, and to compare alterations of skin lesion characteristics with the past literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted on patients who were admitted to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital between January 2020 and April 2023 with a diagnosis of HIV infection. Patients, whose dermatological examination had been performed, were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 144 individuals included in the study, 84.7% of them were male, and the median age was 34.5 (18-75). The prevalence of skin disorders among patients was found to be 57.6%. The most frequently dermatoses were condylomata acuminata (39.8%), telogen effluvium (16.9%), and scabies (9.6%). The frequency of condylomata acuminata and scabies was significantly higher in those with a history of homosexual intercourse. The number of skin findings increased as the CD4 count decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pattern of HIV/AIDS-related skin disorders has transitioned during ART development; while the findings triggered by immunosuppression decreased, other sexually transmitted infections-related dermatoses and ART-related conditions dominated. Although dermatosis prevalence appears reduced in the ART era, HIV remains linked to a wide range of dermatological manifestations. This study shows that over half of patients still experience skin findings, underscoring the continued importance of dermatological assessment in the comprehensive care of people living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147671105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africa is an Essential Partner in the Research and Development of an HIV Vaccine.","authors":"Glenda Gray, Carolyn Williamson, Linda-Gail Bekker, Brodie Daniels, Werner Smidt, Nigel Garrett, Cissy Kityo Mutuluuza, Betty Mwesigwa, Lynda Stranix-Chibanda, Alash'le Akimbu, Andrew Obuku, Tian Johnson, Prossy Naluyima, Fredrick Sawe, Wendy Burgers, Nyanda Ntiginya, Neetha Morar, Azwidihwi Takalani, Simone Hendricks, Kubashni Woeber, Fatima Abrahams, Martha Tholanah, Stephen Mugamba, Michelle Mulder, Penny Moore","doi":"10.2174/011570162X361496250627004203","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X361496250627004203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite significant advances in HIV antiretroviral treatment, and proven efficacy of HIV prevention options, an effective and affordable HIV vaccine is still necessary for the elimination of HIV, particularly in Africa. Furthermore, viral and host factors unique to the African continent provide a strong scientific rationale for local vaccine discovery efforts. Several key challenges hamper Africa's vaccine research and production capabilities. These include inadequate funding for African-led research, equipment and infrastructure challenges, lack of preclinical evaluation capacity, limited manufacturing facilities for clinical-grade vaccines, and a shortage of scientists with specialized laboratory, bioinformatics and biostatistics training. A recently established African-led consortium seeks to strengthen African HIV vaccine contributions by providing support, training and funding to address these gaps by strengthening discovery research and conducting early phase clinical trials of existing and novel Africa-derived vaccine candidates while strengthening African manufacturing infrastructure and capacity. Constant and robust community and stakeholder engagement will be key to ensuring the success of the consortiums' efforts in providing sustainable vaccine development, manufacturing and clinical testing in Africa. Given the magnitude of the HIV burden in Africa, with largely undescribed viral and host diversity, it is vital that HIV vaccine discovery evolves to include the underutilized scientific expertise and capacity on the African continent. Recent interruptions in the funding of consortia in Africa threaten this type of progress and can derail progress in vaccine discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"482-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germline-Targeting Strategies to Induce bNAbs against HIV-1.","authors":"Tugba Atabey, Rogier W Sanders, Yoann Aldon","doi":"10.2174/011570162X365229250527111140","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X365229250527111140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a critical global health challenge, hindered by the virus's high genetic diversity, immune evasion strategies, and structural complexity of its Envelope (Env) glycoprotein. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), capable of targeting conserved Env epitopes, offer a promising path for vaccine design. Germline-Targeting (GT) strategies have emerged as a promising approach to engage naive B cell precursors that have the potential to mature into bNAb-producing cells. Advances in GT have enabled the design of immunogens capable of recruiting specific bNAb precursors in animal models and early clinical trials. Despite these successes, achieving neutralization breadth requires sequential immunizations with tailored boosting strategies to guide B cell maturation. Studies underscore the importance of using immunogens that mimic native Env structures while modulating glycosylation patterns to focus immune responses. Emerging approaches, such as membrane-bound presentation and mRNA delivery, hold the potential for enhancing immunogen effectiveness and rapid pre-clinical and in human screening to identify combinations of immunogens that foster bNAb lineages. This review seeks to synthesize key developments in GT strategies for HIV-1 vaccines, highlighting the design and implementation of immunogens that drive bNAb precursor maturation. It aims to underscore the importance of integrating structural insights, immunogen sequence design, and delivery methods to enhance the induction of bNAbs, offering direction for future research to address existing gaps and optimize vaccine efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"456-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of HIV Transmission Within a Household Involving a Married Man Who Has Sex with Men in China.","authors":"Xinrui Li, Yujie Huang, Jing Hao, Wanying Teng, Yan Jin, Hui Liu, Ying Han, Baotian Zhao","doi":"10.2174/011570162X444930260409114355","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X444930260409114355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Married Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) constitute a bridge population for HIV diffusion into low-risk groups, with spousal non-disclosure rates exceeding 60% in China. It will increase the risk of secondary transmission within families. Despite the timely implementation of evidence-based interventions, reducing MTCT rates to below 2% in China, residual pediatric infections persist.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>In 2025, a man in Jinan City, Shandong Province, was diagnosed with HIV infection likely acquired through sexual contact with men and may have subsequently transmitted the virus to his breastfeeding spouse via heterosexual intercourse. The mother, in turn, likely transmitted HIV to her infant through breastfeeding, resulting in an intrafamilial transmission cluster involving three individuals. All three family members are currently receiving standard antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Married MSM may bridge HIV to spouses, necessitating supported partner notification services. \"To mitigate false-negative results from maternal HIV antibody tests during pregnancy, a pre-delivery Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) is imperative. Sustained postpartum screening prevents tertiary transmission in breastfeeding families.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"290-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Anti-HBc in People Living with HIV: A 20-Year Experience from Istanbul, Turkey.","authors":"Fatma Merve Kocak, Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu, Ayse Inci","doi":"10.2174/011570162X482747260424043225","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X482747260424043225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Isolated anti-HBc positivity, defined as the presence of anti-HBc in the absence of HBsAg and anti-HBs, may reflect prior exposure to HBV, occult HBV infection, or a false-positive result. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of isolated anti-HBc positivity and its associated factors among PLWH in Istanbul, Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included adult People Living With HIV (PLWH) who underwent HBV serological testing between January 2000 and December 2019 at a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. Demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 386 PLWH, 8.8% (n = 34) had isolated anti-HBc positivity. Compared with HBV-seronegative PLWH (n = 194), these patients were older (48 (IQR 42-54) vs. 42 (35-50) years; p = 0.007), more likely to have BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² (p = 0.025), and to report smoking (p = 0.041), based on available data. Pre-ART HBV DNA testing was available in 13/34 (38.2%) patients with isolated anti-HBc, and all tested samples were HBV DNA-negative.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Isolated anti-HBc prevalence was 8.8% in PLWH; older age, BMI ≥25 kg/m², and smoking were more common in this group. Although no HBV DNA was detected in the tested subset, limited HBV DNA testing precluded estimation of OBI prevalence in this cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recognition of isolated anti-HBc positivity and occult HBV infection is important for ART selection and patient follow-up. Although isolated anti-HBc positivity was identified in 8.8% of this cohort, more systematic and risk-stratified HBV DNA assessment is needed to better define the true burden of occult HBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"283-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of BDNF and CD4 with Cognitive Function in Patients with HIV Infection.","authors":"Carina Shelia Puspitasari, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Kiking Ritarwan, Taufik Ashar, Iskandar Nasution, Alfansuri Kadri","doi":"10.2174/011570162X399039251103052306","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X399039251103052306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a global epidemic and is frequently associated with neurocognitive impairment, known as HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND). Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which regulates neuroplasticity, learning, and memory, may play a key role in this process. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between BDNF, CD4 levels, and cognitive function in patients with HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study at Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from July 2024 to January 2025. Fifty-eight HIV-positive patients aged 18-60 years with CD4 ≥200 cells/mm³ and on antiretroviral therapy for at least 4 months were included. Blood samples were analyzed for serum BDNF (ELISA) and CD4 counts. Cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop Test, and correlations were examined with Spearman's test.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 38.77 ± 9.28 years; 79.3% were male. The mean BDNF level was 1.08 ± 0.59 ng/mL, the mean CD4 count was 512.60 ± 331.08 cells/mm³, and the mean Stroop Test score was 68.75 ± 24.60 seconds. A significant negative correlation was observed between BDNF and Stroop performance (r = -0.288, p = 0.028), indicating that higher BDNF was associated with better cognitive function. No significant correlation was found between CD4 and cognitive function (p = 0.336).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that reduced BDNF may contribute to cognitive impairment in HIV, whereas CD4 levels may not directly reflect neurocognitive status, particularly in patients with CD4 ≥200.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BDNF levels are significantly correlated with cognitive function in HIV-positive patients, underscoring its potential role as a biomarker for HAND.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Single-Cell Sequencing Techniques for B cell Analysis and Their Implications for Rational HIV-1 Vaccine Design.","authors":"Denise Guerra, Laura T M Graus, Tim Beaumont, Mathieu Claireaux, Marit J van Gils","doi":"10.2174/011570162X362655250620115404","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X362655250620115404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell analysis to study the variety of immune cells has long been regarded as challenging. Recently, innovative techniques have emerged and have revolutionized the way immune cells can be explored, offering unprecedented insights into the dynamics of this complex system. In particular, novel approaches have enabled a detailed characterization of B cell responses, encompassing immune repertoire, gene expression, and phenotype analysis at an individual cell level. By analyzing single B cells, researchers can unravel their heterogeneity, trace clonal evolution, and track immune responses over time during infections and vaccinations, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying antibody secretion and immune memory formation. This knowledge can inform the development of optimal immunogens, adjuvants, and vaccine platforms, which are crucial for inducing robust, long-lasting protective responses and overcoming existing challenges in vaccine research. This is particularly valuable for rational vaccine design against specific pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), for which a successful vaccine remains to be developed due to the need to elicit rare broadly neutralizing antibodies that target conserved epitopes on the genetically diverse envelope glycoprotein trimer. In this review, we highlight the latest advances in single-cell sequencing techniques and bioinformatic tools for the analysis of B cell responses in the context of infectious diseases and vaccinations. We discuss their applications and their pivotal role in advancing the design of next-generation vaccines, especially in the context of HIV-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"400-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current HIV Research Thematic Issue on \"HIV Vaccine Development\".","authors":"John P Moore","doi":"10.2174/011570162X450381251027072501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162X450381251027072501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"23 6","pages":"351-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B Vaccination Rates and Risk Factors Affecting Vaccine Response in People Living with HIV in Turkey.","authors":"Arzu Mirza, Mehmet Cabalak, Ozgur Gunal, Aslıhan Candevir, Bircan Kayaaslan, İlkay Karaoglan, Hatun Öztürk Cerik, Deniz Ozer, İlknur Erdem, Tuba Damar Çakırca, Dilek Bulut, Seyma Topal, Ayse Seza İnal, Ayse Özlem Mete, Yasemin Cakır Kıymaz, Fatma Eser, Ceren Cesur, Ayhan Akbulut, Muhammed Bekcibası, İlknur Esen Yıldız, Mehmet Ali Asan, Pınar Cakmak","doi":"10.2174/011570162X411549251129074829","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X411549251129074829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV-HBV coinfection is common among individuals living with HIV; therefore, hepatitis B vaccination is recommended. However, vaccine response rates in people living with HIV are lower than those observed in the healthy population. The aim of this study was to determine HBV vaccination rates and identify risk factors affecting vaccine response in people living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This multicenter, observational, retrospective study included patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with HIV infection and followed for at least six months between January 2018 and January 2024. Patients were screened for HBV using HBsAg, Anti- HBc IgG, and Anti-HBs serology, and Anti-HBs levels were measured at least 4-8 weeks after completion of the HBV vaccination schedule.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 811 people living with HIV, 274 met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 37.5 years (range: 18-75), and 85% were male. The hepatitis B vaccination rate in this cohort was 33.7%. Following the HBV vaccination schedule, vaccine response (Anti-HBs ≥10 IU/L) was observed in 73.4% of individuals. Hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were identified as independent risk factors affecting vaccine response (p = 0.016 and p = 0.026, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaccine response was found to be lower in individuals with hypertension and COPD. These factors should be considered when administering the hepatitis B vaccine to people living with HIV to improve immunization outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"190-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}