Current HIV Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy and Silva-based Relaxation Therapy on Psychological Capital, Social Anxiety, and CD4⁺ Count in People Living with HIV in Iran.","authors":"Pegah Mirzapour, Abbas Boosiraz, Mohammad Mahdi Roozbahani, Maryam S Fakhri B, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi","doi":"10.2174/011570162X321129241129040921","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X321129241129040921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background/ Objective: Due to the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on personal and social life, people living with HIV (PLWH) are faced with several challenges and issues. Therefore, PLWH requires psychological interventions. The study aims were to create a suitable platform for psychological structures that empower them to address their issues effectively. In this regard, we evaluated the effect of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Silva-based Relaxation Therapy (SBRT) on Psychological Capital (PsyCap), Social Anxiety (SA), and CD4 count in PLWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an intervention-based semi-experimental design. The population consisted of 90 individuals infected with HIV. Participants were divided into two experimental groups receiving MBCT and SBRT, respectively, and one control group, selected randomly. Before and after the intervention, questionnaires and CD4+ tests were administered to the participants. Only two experimental groups received the intervention, while the control group received no training. The appropriate training for each group was conducted twice a week over eight sessions and each session lasted 90 minutes. In the intervention groups, all the people participated in all the group training sessions. No intervention was performed for the participants of the control group, and they only completed the questionnaires in the same period as the intervention groups. \"Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy\" and \"Mind Control\" books were used for the implementation of MBCT and SBRT, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was revealed that a number of male participants constituted the majority with 58 (64.4%) compared to females. Regarding the means of transmission, sexual contact was the most common with 62 (68.8%) compared to other routes. The mean age of the participants was 40.5 ± 10.8 years. For the SBRT group, the mean CD4+ count was higher, with 599.5 ± 290.9 for pre-test and 563.2 ± 366.7 for post-test assessments, compared to other groups. After performing the linear regression analysis, it was found that the variables had no effect on the main outcome, which is CD4 count after the intervention (p-value= 0.27). For the MBCT group, the CD4+ count variable had a p-value = 0.10 (pretest: 447.2 ± 19.5, posttest: 411.9 ± 235.9), for the SBRT group, the CD4+ count variable had a p-value = 0.05 (pretest: 599.5 ± 290.9, posttest: 549 ± 259.9), and the control group, the CD4+ count variable had a p-value = 0.5 (pretest: 445 ± 222.7, posttest: 563.2 ± 366.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBCT and SBRT may enhance the mental well-being of PLWH. Therefore, following the interventions, the mean level of SA decreased, and PsyCap increased. Thus, strategies to improve psychological support interventions may have a significant impact on improving the health status of individuals living with HIV, including indicators of SA and PsyCap.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Tuberculosis Screening and Active Tuberculosis Disease Development in People Living with HIV: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in Turkiye.","authors":"Ferit Kuscu, Figen Yildirim, Damla Erturk, Mehmet Cabalak, Suheyla Komur, Ayse Seza Inal, Behice Kurtaran, Yesim Tasova, Aslihan Candevir","doi":"10.2174/011570162X349937250206073759","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X349937250206073759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>About 10% of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) develop tuberculosis (TB) disease during their lifetime. People living with HIV (PLWH) have a significantly higher risk of developing tuberculosis disease from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) compared to those without HIV. Many HIV treatment guidelines recommend screening and treating for LTBI.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the LTBI screening frequency of PLWH and the rates of tuberculosis disease development during their follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 483 PLWH were admitted to 3 research hospitals between January 2005 and April 2020. Patients who were 18 years and older, who did not have active TB disease, and who were followed up regularly were included in the study. Demographic characteristics and laboratory results of the patients, and tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or interferon gamma releasing assay (IGRA) results were recorded. Whether TB developed during the follow-up of the patients or not was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 482 PLWH were enrolled in the study, and 429 (89%) of them were male. The mean age of the patients was 37±13 years. The patients were followed for an average of 27.5 months (2-180 months). The mean CD4 count was 381±246/mm3 at the time of diagnosis. A total of 331 patients (68.7%) were screened for latent infection, and 62 (18.7%) of them were diagnosed with LTBI. During the follow-up of the patients, TB disease did not develop in anyone who was not screened for LTBI, while TB disease developed in 4 people who were screened. The mean age of PLWH who developed tuberculosis disease was 54±10 years, while those who did not develop it was 37±13 years, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Screening for LTBI in PLWH and treating it when positive are recommended in the EACS guidelines. However, some local HIV guidelines recommend latent TB treatment according to ethnicity, CD4 count, and antiretroviral therapy use. Although the mean follow-up period was short, it was found that there was no difference in the development of TB disease in LTBIpositive and negative individuals in our study. For countries that are not on the list of high-burden countries for TB, it may be an option to give latent TB treatment only to selected patients who have lower CD4 counts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Recombinant Form Comprising CRF01_AE and Subtype C in Hebei Province, China.","authors":"Yapeng Guan, Jun Wang, Xinli Lu","doi":"10.2174/011570162X369438250131065639","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X369438250131065639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE and subtype C are two HIV-1 subtypes. In recent years, novel HIV-1 recombinant forms have become more and more prevalent in China; however, new HIV-1 CRF01_AE/C recombinant forms are less prevalent nationwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aimed to investigate new recombinant forms between different HIV-1 subtypes and evaluate their transmission risk among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Hebei, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The near full-length genome (NFLG) of HIV-1 was identified using the analyses of the phylogenetic tree and gene breakpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present work, we have reported a novel HIV-1 recombinant form composed of CRF01_AE and subtype C. The NFLG of this CRF01_AE/C form contained eight gene subregions, with four subtype C gene segments inserted into the CRF01_AE backbone, consisting of I CRF01_AE (790-1,171 nt), Ⅱ subtype C (1,172-1,840 nt), Ⅲ CRF01_AE (1,841-5,089 nt), Ⅳ subtype C (5,090-5,666 nt), Ⅴ CRF01_AE (5,667-6,317 nt), Ⅵ subtype C (6,318-8,586 nt), Ⅶ CRF01_AE (8,587-9,246 nt), and Ⅷ subtype C (9,247-9,409 nt). This new recombinant form was identified as CRF140_0107.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggested that it is important to monitor HIV-1 diversity to reduce HIV- 1 transmission in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Electrochemical Sensors in Enhancing HIV Detection.","authors":"Xingxing Li, Jiangwei Zhu, Li Fu","doi":"10.2174/011570162X363311250206045837","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X363311250206045837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating rapid, sensitive, and accessible diagnostic tools. We examined recent advancements in electrochemical sensors for HIV gene detection, focusing on various sensing strategies, nanomaterial integration, and novel platform designs. Electrochemical sensors have demonstrated remarkable progress in HIV detection, offering high sensitivity and specificity. DNA/RNA-based sensors, aptamer approaches, and nanostructured platforms have detection limits as low as attomolar concentrations. Innovative signal amplification techniques, such as branched DNA amplification and toehold strand displacement reactions, have further enhanced sensitivity. Multiplexed detection systems enable simultaneous quantification of multiple HIV targets and related biomarkers. Integration of microfluidic technologies has improved sample processing and detection efficiency. Paper-based sensors show promise for low-cost, disposable testing platforms suitable for resource-limited settings. While challenges remain in terms of selectivity in complex biological samples and point-of-care applicability, electrochemical sensors hold great potential for revolutionizing HIV diagnostics. Future developments in recognition elements, artificial intelligence integration, and combined sensing modalities are expected to address current limitations and expand the capabilities of these sensors, ultimately contributing to improved HIV management and epidemic control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"2-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge and Concern of People Living with HIV Regarding Human Mpox and Vaccination","authors":"Deniz Borcak, Yusuf Emre Özdemir, Yeşilyurt Zuhal, Esra Ensaroğlu, Samiha Akkaya, Kadriye Kart Yaşar","doi":"10.2174/011570162x293673240427062123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162x293673240427062123","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mpox virus is an orthopoxvirus that causes the zoonotic infectious disease known as mpox. The disease can also spread from humans to humans. It can be transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, lesions on the skin, or internal mucosal surfaces. Method: The number of mpox cases increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early diagnosis and prompt management of mpox are critical in people living with HIV (PLHIV). In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among PLHIV followed at the outpatient clinic between 20 April–20 August 2023. A questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and anxiety levels of patients as well as their opinions about vaccination against mpox. The severity of symptoms in the past two weeks was assessed using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale. A total of 203 PLHIV were interviewed for this survey study. Result: The mean age was 39.37±11.93. The majority of them were male (86.7%), and 41.4% were men who have sex with men (MSM). Only 21 of the surveyed participants (10.4%) had a “good knowledge” score about mpox. The mean knowledge score on human Mpox was 2.05 (min:0-max:8), and 107 (52.7%) had a score of 0. Conclusion: The future study should focus on continuous education, promoting awareness through programs and establishing measures to successfully overcome identified variables that contribute to mpox pandemic understanding and attitudes. Applying the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic will help the management of mpox virus.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140841883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for HIV-Associated Osteonecrosis in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Kangpeng Li, Rui Ma, Rugang Zhao, Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.2174/011570162x302889240408033958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162x302889240408033958","url":null,"abstract":"Background:: In the post-epidemic era, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of the most prevalent and detrimental infectious diseases worldwide. The incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in AIDS patients is 100 times higher than that in healthy individuals. Although Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is ultimately necessary for most patients, there is still a dearth of evidence regarding its safety and efficacy in Chinese AIDS patients. Methods:: The clinical data of 49 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed. Simultaneously, we categorized patients whose hemoglobin and albumin met a specific threshold as the optimized group and performed group comparisons. Results:: There are statistical differences in Harris score and VAS score pre- and post-operation, with a low overall complication rate. Notably, no disparities were observed between the optimized group and the partial optimized group in terms of overall conditions, laboratory examination indicators, severity of ONFH, surgical outcomes, surgical complications, pain perception or functional limitations. Furthermore, no correlation was found between CD4+ T lymphocytes and hemoglobin levels, albumin levels, white blood cell count, or platelet count. Conclusion:: THA is safe and effective in Chinese AIDS patients with ONFH. However, optimal treatment has limited efficacy in AIDS patients undergoing THA for ONFH. The reconsideration and evaluation of the predictive value of CD4+ T lymphocytes for postoperative complications in joint replacement procedures is warranted.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Enemy Within: Uncovering the Secrets of HIV Tissues Reservoirs and Current mRNA Vaccine Development","authors":"Satyendra Prakash, Mayank Kumar","doi":"10.2174/011570162x301593240409072840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162x301593240409072840","url":null,"abstract":":: Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) continue to pose a significant global health threat despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). As a retrovirus, HIV persists as a stable, integrated, and replication-competent provirus within a diverse array of long-lived cells for many years, often termed “latent reservoirs” in individuals. Thus, this review aims to furnish a comprehensive overview of diverse tissue reservoirs where HIV persists, elucidating their pathogenesis and advancement in their strategies for clinical management. Understanding the mechanisms underlying HIV persistence within tissue reservoirs is of significant interest in developing effective ART for suppressing the virus in the blood. In addition, we also discussed the ongoing mRNA HIV vaccine that has shown promising results in clinical trials to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and effective T-cell responses against HIV.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interrelationship between HIV Infection and COVID-19: A Review of the Literature.","authors":"Yiyu Wang, Yu Lai","doi":"10.2174/011570162X282739231222062830","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X282739231222062830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulting from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to significant morbidity and mortality in patients and put a strain on healthcare systems worldwide. The clinical characteristics and results of COVID-19 in immunosuppressed patients, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), considered at higher risk of severe disease, are not well-characterized. Accumulated evidence indicates that COVID-19 and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can interact in various ways. This review explored the similarities and differences in virology between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV, the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine on PLWH, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PLWH care and prevention, and the influence of HIV-related factors on COVID-19. Discovering the potential link between HIV and COVID-19 may provide a novel way to avoid the factors of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and advance future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates of Viral Non-Suppression and Acquired HIV-1 Drug Resistance Emergence among Children during the Sociopolitical Crisis in the Northwest Region of Cameroon: A Call for Improved Monitoring Strategies.","authors":"Mobereade Ayokanmi, Joseph Fokam, Hyppolite Kuekou Tchidjou, Collins Ambe Chenwi, Gonsu Kamga Hortense, Nelly Kamgaing, Desire Takou, Grace Angong Beloumou, Ezechiel Semengue, Sandrine Djupsa, Alex Durand Nka, Georges Teto, Beatrice Dambaya, Samuel Martin Sosso, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Rogers Ajeh Awoh, Gregory Edie Halle Ekane, Anne-Cecile Zoung Kanyi Bissek, Nicaise Ndembi, Vittorio Colizzi, Dora Mbanya, Carlo-Federico Perno, Alexis Ndjolo","doi":"10.2174/011570162X319028240830064946","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X319028240830064946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virological failure (VF) among children remains concerning, with high risks of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) emergence and increased disease progression. Therefore, monitoring of viral non-suppression and emerging HIVDR is crucial, especially in the frame of sociopolitical unrest.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study sought to determine the prevalence of VF and evaluate the acquired HIVDR and viral genetic diversity among children in the Northwest region of Cameroon during the ongoing sociopolitical crisis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional facility-based study was conducted among HIV-infected children aged ≤18 years, receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in urban and rural settings of Northwest Cameroon, from November 2017 through May 2018. Viral load (VL) was done using the Abbott m2000RealTime. Unsuppressed VL was defined as viral load ≥1,000 copies/ml. HIVDR testing was performed by sequencing of HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase at the Chantal Biya International Reference Center (CIRCB) using an in-house protocol. Drug resistance mutations (DRM) were interpreted using Stanford HIVdbv8.5 and phylogeny using MEGAv.6. Data were compared between urban and rural areas with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 363 children were recruited, average age of 12 years (urban) and 8 years (rural). VL coverage was 100% in the urban setting and 77% in the rural setting. Overall, VF was 40.5% (39% [130/332] in the urban setting and 41% (13/31) in the rural setting; p=0.45). Overall, viral undetectability (defined as VL<40 copies/ml) was 45.5% (46% (urban) and 45% (rural); p=0.47). Among those experiencing confirmed virological failure and who were successfully sequenced (n=35), the overall rate of HIVDR was 100% (35/35). By drug class, HIVDR rates were 97.1% (34/35) for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 97.1% (34/35) for NRTIs and 17.1% (6/35) for protease inhibitors (22.7% (5/22) in the urban setting and 7.7% [1/13] in the rural setting). CRF02_AG was the most prevalent viral clade (75%), followed by other recombinants (09_cpx, 11_cpx, 13_cpx, 22_01A1, 37_cpx) and pure subtypes (A1, F2, G, H).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population of children and adolescents living with HIV in a context of socio-political instability in the North-West region of Cameroon, rates of viral non-suppression are high, and accompanied by HIVDR selection. Our findings suggest the need for a more differentiated care of these CAHIV, especially those in these regions faced with significant socio-economic and health impacts due to the ongoing crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"336-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated Factors of Sexual Initiation among Male Vocational High School Students in Zhejiang Province, China: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Xiang Zhao, Zhongrong Yang, Hui Wang, Yu Huang, Weiyong Chen","doi":"10.2174/011570162X321685240802072001","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X321685240802072001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to investigate the factors associated with sexual initiation among male vocational high school students (MVHSS) in Zhejiang Province, and provide a scientific basis for preventing unsafe sexual behavior and sexual health issues among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of sexual behavior among young students has risen significantly in recent years. Contracting HIV poses a serious physical and psychological burden on young individuals and their families. Thus, it is imperative to promptly and effectively address the spread of HIV among young people.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study are to investigate the demographic characteristics of male vocational high school students (MVHSS) who have engaged in sexual activity and to identify associated factors, such as sexual attitudes and lifestyle, that may influence sexual initiation among this population, and to offer recommendations for interventions and policy development aimed at promoting healthy sexual behaviors among MVHSS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted among vocational high school students in grades one and two in Zhejiang Province. Variables that were statistically significantly associated with sexual initiation in bivariate analyses were included in a multivariate logistic regression model, which adopted a backward elimination procedure with a p-value > 0.10 as the exclusion criterion. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe the relationship between dependent and outcome variables., Results: Of the 1032 male participants, 17.4% had initiated sexual behavior. The multivariate analysis results indicated that those who were frequent smokers (adjusted OR[AOR] =4.89, 95% CI: 2.36-10.13), those who reported having been in love (AOR=2.86, 95% CI: 1.84-4.44), those currently in love (AOR=4.47, 95% CI: 2.68-7.45), those willing to have sex with a high school student (AOR =2.63, 95% CI: 3.31-6.50), those willing to pay for sex (AOR =1.90, 95% CI: 1.10-3.27), and those who had received sex education and STDs/AIDS prevention education in school (AOR =2.21, 95% CI: 1.53-3.18) were more likely to initiate sexual behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sexual attitudes among MVHSS are liberal, and the prevalence of sexual initiation is high. Interventions targeted at improving sexual safety education, reducing the rate of early initiation of sexual behavior, and promoting condom use among students must be implemented to reduce the risk of HIV infections and STDs among sexually active MVHSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"270-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}