Current HIV Research最新文献

{"title":"Turkish Translation and Cross-Cultural Validity of WHOQOL-HIV Bref Tool.","authors":"Okan Derin, Ahsen Öncül, Hakkı Meriç Türkkan, Nazife Duygu Demirbaş, Özlem Gül, Hüsrev Diktaş, Dilek Yıldız Sevgi, Osman Hayran","doi":"10.2174/011570162X284526240219075823","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X284526240219075823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The assessment of health-related quality of life among people living with HIV (PLWH) has gained increasing importance as it assesses their overall well-being, guides treatment decisions, and addresses psychosocial challenges, improving their quality of life. This study focuses on adapting and validating the Turkish version of the WHOQOL-HIV Bref, a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure health-related quality of life in PLWH. This adaptation is based on the generic WHOQOL-Bref Turkish and WHOQOL-HIV Bref inventory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In line with WHO guidelines, the tool was translated and tested on 189 PLWH from İstanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital's HIV outpatient clinic. A variety of statistical methods were employed to assess content, construct, concurrent, and known-group validity, as well as internal consistency and reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' median age was 35 years (IQR: 14), with 178(94%) being male. The Turkish WHOQOL-HIV Bref showed overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Despite limitations in the spirituality domain, it demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha coefficient: 0.93) and strong validity across several metrics, including test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The WHOQOL-HIV BREF in Turkish is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the quality of life in Turkish PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139995887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Maternal HIV Infection Affect Neonatal Outcomes?","authors":"Mohammadreza Zarkesh, Farzaneh Kermani, Mohammad Bolbolian Ghalibaf, Azam Orooji, Raheleh Moradi","doi":"10.2174/011570162X292489240812065510","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X292489240812065510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy among women infected with HIV is classified as a high-risk pregnancy. While previous research has indicated an elevated likelihood of preterm birth, low birth weight, and early gestational age in infants born to mothers with HIV, the correlation between maternal HIV infection and different neonatal results remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the impact of maternal HIV infection on after-birth neonatal outcomes using machine learning (ML) and statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study is conducted through a three-stage process: Initially, the outcomes among newborns from HIV-positive mothers are identified through a combination of literature review and expert survey. Subsequently, data are paired at a 1:2 ratio based on gestational age with infants from HIV-positive mothers (n=48) compared to HIV-negative mothers (n=96) as the control group. Finally, filter, wrapper and embedded based feature selection techniques are applied to identify outcomes that exhibit significant differences between the two groups. feature selection techniques are applied to identify outcomes that exhibit significant differences between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analysis showed that the rate of addiction among HIV-positive mothers is higher than that of the HIV-negative group. The need for mechanical ventilation and duration of ventilator-assisted breathing in infants born to HIV-positive mothers are significantly higher than in infants born to HIV-negative mothers. Moreover, based on feature selection methods, increasing the need for mechanical ventilation and reducing surfactant administration were two important outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To investigate the impact of maternal HIV infection on neonatal outcomes, various statistical and machine learning-based feature selection techniques were implemented, and the results showed that the presented methods can be utilized to examine the potential impacts of different diseases contracted by the mother on the infant.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"219-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Syphilis: A Retrospective Study among the Ege University HIV Cohort.","authors":"Oguzhan Acet, Sukru Dirik, Husnu Pullukcu, Meltem Tasbakan, Deniz Gokengin","doi":"10.2174/011570162X314456241114055019","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X314456241114055019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to significant changes in the lives, habits, and frequency of hospital admissions of People Living with HIV (PLWH). However, information is limited on the changes in the sexual behavior of these individuals and the resulting Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). This study aimed to determine the trends in syphilis among the Ege University HIV cohort before and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All PLWH who presented to the HIV outpatient clinic of Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, for HIV care for the first time between January 1st, 2008 and October 1st, 2022, and whose laboratory results for syphilis were available, were reviewed. Those presenting between January 1st, 2008, and March 11th, 2020, were defined as the pre-pandemic (group A) cases, and those presenting between March 12th, 2020, and October 1st, 2022, were defined as the pandemic period (group B) cases. Clinical and laboratory information about the cases was obtained retrospectively from medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of PLWH who presented to the clinic for a first visit with a new HIV diagnosis or follow-up between the specified dates was 1283 (956 group A, 327 group B). Overall, 155 (12.1%) PLWH were diagnosed with syphilis. A total of 204 syphilis episodes occurred during 6,173 Person-years of Follow-up (PYFU). Of these episodes, 86 (42.1%) were diagnosed in the pre-pandemic period, and 118 (57.8%) during the pandemic. The number of episodes during the pandemic was significantly higher in group A than in the pre-pandemic period (3.47 per 100 PYFU and 2.57 per 100 PYFU, respectively; p=0.0434). When comparing the number of episodes during the pandemic period, compared to group A, group B members had a significantly higher number of syphilis episodes during the pandemic (3.47 and 7.81 per 100 PYFU, respectively; p<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that syphilis rates remained high during the pandemic. Healthcare providers are recommended to prepare PLWH for potential emergencies to be encountered in the future and repeatedly remind them to use prevention in all high-risk circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Causes of Vitamin D Deficiency in a Cohort of Greek HIV-Infected Individuals: A Prospective, Single Center, Observational Study.","authors":"Theodoros Androutsakos, Marianna Politou, Sofia Boti, Theodoros Pittaras, Athanasios Kontos, Theodore Kordossis, Abraham Pouliakis, George Panayiotakopoulos","doi":"10.2174/011570162X302844240605104855","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X302844240605104855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency (hypovitaminosis D) has been associated with several disorders including autoimmune diseases, like type 1 diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular diseases; neoplasms; obesity; insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This problem is common in southern European countries, especially in elderly and institutionalized persons. In HIV-infected individuals, hypovitaminosis D has been correlated with various complications like tuberculosis, hyperparathyroidism, bone mass loss, premature atherosclerosis, and systemic arterial hypertension, deterioration of immune function, progression of the disease and overall mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and causes of hypovitaminosis D in a cohort of Greek HIV-infected patients, as well as possible complications associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients attending our HIV unit for a period of 5 months were included in this study. Vitamin D status, medical anamnes, and laboratory tests were obtained at baseline; patients were followed for 3 years and HIV-related complications were noted. No patient received vitamin D supplementation during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypovitaminosis D was common, with 83.7% of the patients showing levels below 30 ng/dl and 55.4% below 20 ng/dl. After multivariable analysis, age and duration of treatment were the only significant factors for low vitamin D levels. During follow-up, 26 patients exhibited a total of 34 HIV-related complications, the most common being pneumonocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Hypovitaminosis D showed a positive correlation with overall complications, PCP as well as wasting syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, our study shows that hypovitaminosis D is common in HIV-infected individuals and should probably be treated as soon as possible to protect these patients from serious HIVrelated complications like PCP or wasting syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"240-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Upper-gastrointestinal Endoscopic Findings of People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review.","authors":"SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Nazanin Janfaza, Pegah Mirzapour, Haleh Siami, Zoha Ali, Parisa Matini, Elaheh Karimi, Sona Mahrokhi, Sanaz Varshochi, Foziye Sanaati, Masoomeh Fathi Amrollah, Sobhan Saki, Esmaeil Mehraeen, Omid Dadras","doi":"10.2174/011570162X271270231215101009","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X271270231215101009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article aimed to analyze upper endoscopic findings in the HIV patient population to elucidate the upper-gastrointestinal complications related to HIV infection. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in individuals living with HIV/AIDS exhibit diverse and often nonspecific manifestations, imposing substantial morbidity and mortality burdens. Endoscopic evaluation with biopsies is essential in the diagnosis and management of these conditions. Delayed treatment due to undetected GI abnormalities during endoscopic examinations can lead to poorer health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review has determined the findings of upper-GI endoscopy of HIV-infected patients. Online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Jisc Library Hub Discover, and Library of Congress have been searched using relevant keyword combinations. We have retrieved all the pertinent papers and reports published in English and screened them against inclusion/exclusion criteria for data extraction in two steps. First, titles/abstracts have been evaluated and then full-text screening has been performed by independent researchers. This study has adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this review, 24 articles have been included in the final analysis. The study has focused on the characteristics of participants and the findings of endoscopic evaluations. The participants of the study have been HIV-positive patients, and the majority of them have undergone endoscopy due to gastrointestinal symptoms. The biopsy regions primarily targeted have been observed to be the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The most common result of the biopsy specimens has been chronic active gastritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To improve clinical practice, this systematic review sought to provide an up-to-date reference for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings of HIV-infected persons. Our results are in line with earlier research showing how effective endoscopy is for determining a precise diagnosis and directing care. The majority of HIV patients with gastrointestinal symptoms have been found to have opportunistic infections and persistent active gastritis as well as mucosal abnormalities of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Studies have shown that endoscopic and histological assessment can aid in the early detection and management of issues involving the upper gastrointestinal tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"16-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139566520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge about HIV and Stigmatizing Attitudes of Medical Students in Saudi Arabia Towards Patients with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study.","authors":"Ehab F Hakami, Abdulaziz M Alghamdi, Zahraa Ali Alwayel, Fatimah Hakami, Muhjah M Almurakshi, Ohoud A Alghamdi, Manar A Ghazzawi, Abdulaziz H Alhazmi","doi":"10.2174/011570162X306347240617192913","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X306347240617192913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the social stigma directed toward patients with HIV are serious public health issues. We aimed to evaluate the HIV knowledge base and stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with HIV among students enrolled in medical schools in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included students at medical colleges in Saudi Arabia and was conducted between February and March 2023. We used non-random convenience sampling with an online chain referral via a validated Arabic questionnaire composed of 35 questions. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,213 medical students (women: 56.6%) participated in the study. Students in clinical years had a higher level of HIV knowledge than their pre-clinical colleagues. Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who gave incorrect answers to questions related to mother-to-child and casual contact HIV transmission had a higher likelihood of harboring a negative attitude towards patients with HIV. Conversely, those who correctly answered queries on prevention and treatment were less likely to have stigmatizing attitudes. A significant proportion of this cohort harbored negative attitudes toward patients with HIV, with the sex and geographic location of participants being significant predictors of negative attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data have revealed a significant percentage of medical students in Saudi Arabia to have misconceptions about HIV transmission and prevention, and stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with HIV, indicating a need for targeted interventions to enhance the HIV knowledge base in this population of future caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"249-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Two HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B Recombinant Forms and a CRF01_AE/B/C Recombinant Form in Hebei Province, China.","authors":"Xiangyun Tang, Meng Liu, Ning An, Xinyu Zhang, Yingying Wang, Yan Li, Xinli Lu","doi":"10.2174/011570162X294091240812062836","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X294091240812062836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the Hebei province, Human Immunodeficiency Virus type one (HIV-1) recombinant strains of subtypes B, C, and CRF01_AE are emerging very rapidly and diversely.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In order to confirm the characteristics of novel recombination forms, we aimed to analyze HIV-1 Near-full-length Genome sequences (NFLGs) obtained from three Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phylogenetic trees were constructed and breakpoints analysis were performed based on the NFLGs and each gene fragment to examine the gene recombination patterns of three new HIV-1 NFLGs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIV-1 subtypes CRF01_AE and B were combined to generate the recombinant structures of the NFLGs 610 and 687. CRF01_AE, B, and C were combined to generate the recombinant structures of the NFLG 825. According to the NFLG phylogenetic tree, the NFLG 825 clustered with CRF65_cpx and the NFLGs 610 and 687 clustered with CRF68_01B. The recombination breakpoints analysis revealed that the recombination pattern of the NFLGs 610 and 687 was the insertion of subtype B fragment into the CRF01_AE backbone. Subregions I, II, and III were derived from CRF01_AE, subtype B, and CRF01_AE, respectively. The recombination pattern of the NFLG 825 contained ten fragments of subtypes CRF01_AE, C, and B. Finally, the above factors were formed using phylogenetic trees and breakpoints analysis, which were combined to get two CRF68_01B forms and one CRF65_cpx form.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings have suggested that it is crucial to keep an eye on the genetic diversity of HIV-1 in Hebei province.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"298-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality Risk Factors Among People Living with HIV Receiving Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural China.","authors":"Qiujia Kang, Wanqi Pan, Yanmin Ma, Dongli Wang, Huangchao Jia, Huijun Guo, Feng Sang, Liran Xu, Qianlei Xu, Yantao Jin","doi":"10.2174/011570162X280721240108065502","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X280721240108065502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) was introduced in Henan Province in 2009. The number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) starting this therapy is increasing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the survival and factors affecting mortality among this group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who switched to second-line ART between May 1, 2010, and May 1, 2016, using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We followed 3,331 PLHIV for 26,988 person-years, of whom 508 (15.3%) died. The mortality rate was 1.88/100 person-years. After adjusting for confounding factors, we found being a woman (hazard ratio (HR), 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55-0.79), > 50 years old (HR, 2.69; 95% CI, 2.03-3.56), single/widowed (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.52), having > 6 years of education (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65-0.94), Chinese medicine (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96), liver injury (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.19-2.10), and CD4+ T cell count <200 cells/μl (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.47-2.55), or 200-350 cells/μl (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03-1.82) were associated with mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found lower mortality among PLHIV who switched to second-line ART than most previous studies. The limitations of a retrospective cohort may, therefore, have biased the data, and prospective studies are needed to confirm the results. Moreover, Chinese medicine combined with second-line ART shows potential as a treatment for HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"100-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Ten Anti-HIV Hit Compounds and Preliminary Pharmacological Mechanisms Studies","authors":"Yushan Lian, Zhimin Huang, Xinyi Liu, Zhicheng Deng, Dan Gao, Xiaohui Wang","doi":"10.2174/011570162X301289240320082840","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X301289240320082840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The research and development of HIV drugs is very important, but at the same time it is a long cycle and expensive system project. High-throughput drug screening systems and molecular libraries of potential hit compounds remain the main ways for the discovery of hit compounds with anti-HIV activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to screen out the hit compounds against HIV-1 in the natural product molecule library and the antiviral molecule library, and elucidate the molecular mechanism of their inhibition of HIV-1, so as to provide a new choice for AIDS drug research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a drug screening system using HIV Rev-dependent indicator cell line (Rev-A3R5-GFP reporter cells) with pseudoviruses (pNL4-3) was used. The natural drug molecule library and antiviral molecule library were screened, and preliminary drug mechanism studies were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten promising hit compounds were screened. These ten molecules and their drug inhibitory IC50 were as follows: Cephaeline (0.50 μM), Yadanziolide A (8.82 μM), Bruceine D (2.48 μM), Astragaloside IV (4.30 μM), RX-3117 (1.32 μM), Harringtonine (0.63 μM), Tubercidin (0.41 μM), Theaflavine-3, 3'-digallate (0.41 μM), Ginkgetin (10.76 μM), ZK756326 (5.97 μM). The results of the Time of additions showed that except for Astragaloside IV and Theaflavine-3, 3'-digallate had a weak entry inhibition effect, and it was speculated that all ten compounds had an intracellular inhibition effect. Cephaeline, Harringtonine, Astragaloside IV, Bruceine D, and Tubercidin may have pre-reverse transcriptional inhibition. Yadanziolide A, Theaflavine-3, 3'-digallate, Ginkgetin and RX-3117 may be in the post-reverse transcriptional inhibition. The inhibitory effect of ZK 75632 may be in the reverse transcriptional process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A drug screening system using Rev-A3R5-GFP reporter cells with pseudoviruses (pNL4-3) is highly efficient. This study provided potential hit compounds for new HIV drug research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Pregnancy Status in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and their Partners.","authors":"Mehmet Cabalak, Oya Soylu Karapınar, Cigdem El","doi":"10.2174/011570162X349194241125052104","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X349194241125052104","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;HIV is a globally prevalent infection for which there is currently no cure or vaccine. As the number of individuals with HIV infection increases, so does the number of individuals wishing to have children despite being infected. This situation has highlighted issues related to couples where one partner is infected while the other is not (serodiscordant couples) and couples where both partners are positive. Major issues include pregnancy complications, transmission to the child, and potential side effects of the ART treatment on the health of the child. Women living with HIV who become pregnant or contract the virus during pregnancy are at risk for both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially if the virus is not adequately controlled. Additionally, there is a risk of vertical transmission through breastfeeding during pregnancy and postpartum. To mitigate the consequences of HIV during pregnancy, it is ideal to start with prepregnancy counseling and plan pregnancies during periods of minimal viral load using appropriate methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;There are limited studies and shared experiences regarding fertility status and issues of HIV/AIDS patients, especially in Turkey. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the fertility status of HIV/AIDS patients and their partners followed up in our clinic, shed light on the encountered issues, and share our experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective, observational, single-center cross-sectional study included HIV/AIDS patients and their partners followed at Hatay Mustafa Kemal University (MKÜ) Medical Faculty Hospital from January 2018 to December 2023. Demographic data of the patients, their sexual orientations, HIV/AIDS status of their partners and children, treatments received, CD4 cell counts, and viral load data were retrospectively obtained from the automation system of our hospital and patient files.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the couples, there were 21 pairs where both partners were HIV positive, 10 pairs where the woman was HIV positive and the man was seronegative (serodiscordant), and 5 pairs where the man was HIV positive and the woman was seronegative. In our study, eight couples with both partners HIV positive had nine children, and six couples with women who were HIV positive (serodiscordant) had ten children. The five couples with men who were HIV positive (serodiscordant) had six children. No vertical transmission was observed in our study, but three patients did not attend regular follow-ups. During the follow-up period, no seroconversion was detected in the partners of serodiscordant patients. The average gestational age was 38 weeks, and the average birth weight was 2873 ± 349 grams.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study found no vertical transmission and no seroconversion in partners of serodiscordant couples. Issues related to pregnancy in HIV-positive couples can be man","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"402-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}