Critical Reviews in Toxicology最新文献_第7页

Is the 90-day dog study necessary for pesticide toxicity testing? 农药毒性试验是否需要90天的狗试验?

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2221987

Patricia L Bishop, Vicki L Dellarco, Douglas C Wolf

{"title":"Is the 90-day dog study necessary for pesticide toxicity testing?","authors":"Patricia L Bishop, Vicki L Dellarco, Douglas C Wolf","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2221987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2221987","url":null,"abstract":"When registering a new pesticide, 90-day oral toxicity studies performed with both rodent and non-rodent species, typically rats and dogs, are part of a standard battery of animal tests required in most countries for human health risk assessment (RA). This analysis set out to determine the need for the 90-day dog study in RA by reviewing data from 195 pesticides evaluated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) from 1998 through 2021. The dog study was used in RA for only 42 pesticides, mostly to set the point of departure (POD) for shorter-term non-dietary pesticide exposures. Dog no-observed-adverse-effect-levels (NOAELs) were lower than rat NOAELs in 90-day studies for 36 of the above 42 pesticides, suggesting that the dog was the more sensitive species. However, lower NOAELs may not necessarily correspond to greater sensitivity as factors such as dose spacing and/or allometric scaling need to be considered. Normalizing doses between rats and dogs explained the lower NOAELs in 22/36 pesticides, indicating that in those cases the dog was not more sensitive, and the comparable rat study could have been used instead for RA. For five of the remaining pesticides, other studies of appropriate duration besides the 90-day rat study were available that would have offered a similar level of protection if used to set PODs. In only nine cases could no alternative be found in the pesticide's database to use in place of the 90-day dog study for setting safe exposure levels or to identify unique hazards. The present analysis demonstrates that for most pesticide risk determinations the 90-day dog study provided no benefit beyond the rat or other available data.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 4","pages":"207-228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9968117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of pyrethroids on the cerebellum and related mechanisms: a narrative review. 拟除虫菊酯对小脑的影响及其相关机制:述评。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2229384

Fei Hao, Ye Bu, Shasha Huang, Wanqi Li, Huiwen Feng, Yuan Wang

{"title":"Effects of pyrethroids on the cerebellum and related mechanisms: a narrative review.","authors":"Fei Hao, Ye Bu, Shasha Huang, Wanqi Li, Huiwen Feng, Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2229384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2229384","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrethroids (PYRs) are a group of synthetic organic chemicals that mimic natural pyrethrins. Due to their low toxicity and persistence in mammals, they are widely used today. PYRs exhibit higher lipophilicity than other insecticides, which allows them to easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and directly induce toxic effects on the central nervous system. Several studies have shown that the cerebellum appears to be one of the regions with the largest changes in biomarkers. The cerebellum, which is extremely responsive to PYRs, functions as a crucial region for storing motor learning memories. Exposure to low doses of various types of PYRs during rat development resulted in diverse long-term effects on motor activity and coordination functions. Reduced motor activity may result from developmental exposure to PYRs in rats, as indicated by delayed cerebellar morphogenesis and maturation. PYRs also caused adverse histopathological and biochemical changes in the cerebellum of mothers and their offspring. By some studies, PYRs may affect granule cells and Purkinje cells, causing damage to cerebellar structures. Destruction of cerebellar structures and morphological defects in Purkinje cells are known to be directly related to functional impairment of motor coordination. Although numerous data support that PYRs cause damage to cerebellar structures, function and development, the mechanisms are not completely understood and require further in-depth studies. This paper reviews the available evidence on the relationship between the use of PYRs and cerebellar damage and discusses the mechanisms of PYRs.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 4","pages":"229-243"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9973544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Low level exposure to hydrogen sulfide: a review of emissions, community exposure, health effects, and exposure guidelines. 低浓度硫化氢暴露：排放、社区暴露、健康影响和暴露指南综述。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2229925

Stuart Batterman, Amelia Grant-Alfieri, Sung-Hee Seo

{"title":"Low level exposure to hydrogen sulfide: a review of emissions, community exposure, health effects, and exposure guidelines.","authors":"Stuart Batterman, Amelia Grant-Alfieri, Sung-Hee Seo","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2229925","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2229925","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas that is well-known for its acute health risks in occupational settings, but less is known about effects of chronic and low-level exposures. This critical review investigates toxicological and experimental studies, exposure sources, standards, and epidemiological studies pertaining to chronic exposure to H2S from both natural and anthropogenic sources. H2S releases, while poorly documented, appear to have increased in recent years from oil and gas and possibly other facilities. Chronic exposures below 10 ppm have long been associated with odor aversion, ocular, nasal, respiratory and neurological effects. However, exposure to much lower levels, below 0.03 ppm (30 ppb), has been associated with increased prevalence of neurological effects, and increments below 0.001 ppm (1 ppb) in H2S concentrations have been associated with ocular, nasal, and respiratory effects. Many of the studies in the epidemiological literature are limited by exposure measurement error, co-pollutant exposures and potential confounding, small sample size, and concerns of representativeness, and studies have yet to consider vulnerable populations. Long-term community-based studies are needed to confirm the low concentration findings and to refine exposure guidelines. Revised guidelines that incorporate both short- and long-term limits are needed to protect communities, especially sensitive populations living near H2S sources.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 4","pages":"244-295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10395451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10342711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevention and Detoxification of Mycotoxins in Human Food and Animal Feed using Bio-resources from South Mediterranean Countries: a Critical Review. 利用南地中海国家的生物资源预防和解毒人类食品和动物饲料中的真菌毒素:综述

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2211178

Amina Aloui, Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès, Abdellah Zinedine, Amar Riba, Noel Durand, Jean Christophe Meile, Didier Montet, Catherine Brabet, Samir Abbès

{"title":"Prevention and Detoxification of Mycotoxins in Human Food and Animal Feed using Bio-resources from South Mediterranean Countries: a Critical Review.","authors":"Amina Aloui, Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès, Abdellah Zinedine, Amar Riba, Noel Durand, Jean Christophe Meile, Didier Montet, Catherine Brabet, Samir Abbès","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2211178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2211178","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins, which are natural toxic compounds produced by filamentous fungi, are considered major contaminants in the food and feed chain due to their stability during processing. Their impacts in food and feedstuff pollution were accentuated due the climate change in the region. They are characterized by their toxicological effects on human and animal health but also by their harmful economic impact. Mediterranean countries: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia are characterized by high temperatures and high relative humidity, particularly in littoral regions that provide favorable conditions for fungal growth and toxinogenesis. Many scientific papers have been published recently in these countries showing mycotoxin occurrence in different commodities and an attempt at bio-detoxification using many bio-products. In order to minimize the bioavailability and/or to detoxify mycotoxins into less toxic metabolites (bio-transforming agents), safe and biological methods have been developed including the use of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, plant extracts and clays minerals from Mediterranean regions. The aim of this review is to present the pollution of mycotoxins in food and feedstuff of humans and animals and to discuss the development of effective biological control for mycotoxin removal/detoxification and prevention using bio-products. This review will also elucidate the new used natural products to be considered as a new candidates for mycotoxins detoxification/prevention on animal feedstuffs.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 2","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypothesis-driven weight of evidence evaluation indicates styrene lacks endocrine disruption potential. 假设驱动的证据权重评价表明苯乙烯缺乏内分泌干扰潜力。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2112652

Christopher J Borgert

{"title":"Hypothesis-driven weight of evidence evaluation indicates styrene lacks endocrine disruption potential.","authors":"Christopher J Borgert","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2022.2112652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2022.2112652","url":null,"abstract":"Styrene is among the U.S. EPA's List 2 chemicals for Tier 1 endocrine screening subject to the agency's two-tiered Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). Both U.S. EPA and OECD guidelines require a Weight of Evidence (WoE) to evaluate a chemical's potential for disrupting the endocrine system. Styrene was evaluated for its potential to disrupt estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenic (EATS) pathways using a rigorous WoE methodology that included problem formulation, systematic literature search and selection, data quality evaluation, relevance weighting of endpoint data, and application of specific interpretive criteria. Sufficient data were available to assess the endocrine disruptive potential of styrene based on endpoints that would respond to EATS modes of action in some Tier 1-type and many Tier 2-type reproductive, developmental, and repeat dose toxicity studies. Responses to styrene were inconsistent with patterns of responses expected for chemicals and hormones known to operate via EATS MoAs, and thus, styrene cannot be deemed an endocrine disruptor, a potential endocrine disruptor, or to exhibit endocrine disruptive properties. Because Tier 1 EDSP screening results would trigger Tier 2 studies, like those evaluated here, subjecting styrene to further endocrine screening would produce no additional useful information and would be unjustified from animal welfare perspectives.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 2","pages":"53-68"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9681887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Acrylonitrile's genotoxicity profile: mutagenicity in search of an underlying molecular mechanism. 丙烯腈的遗传毒性概况:寻找潜在分子机制的致突变性。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2179912

Richard J Albertini, Christopher R Kirman, Dale E Strother

{"title":"Acrylonitrile's genotoxicity profile: mutagenicity in search of an underlying molecular mechanism.","authors":"Richard J Albertini, Christopher R Kirman, Dale E Strother","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2179912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2179912","url":null,"abstract":"Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a known rodent and possible human carcinogen. There have also been concerns as to it causing adverse reproductive health effects. Numerous genotoxicity studies at the somatic level in a variety of test systems have demonstrated ACN's mutagenicity; its potential to induce mutations in germ cells has also been evaluated. ACN is metabolized to reactive intermediates capable of forming adducts with macromolecules including DNA, a necessary first step in establishing a direct mutagenic mode of action (MOA) for its carcinogenicity. The mutagenicity of ACN has been well demonstrated, however, numerous studies have found no evidence for the capacity of ACN to induce direct DNA lesions that initiate the mutagenic process. Although ACN and its oxidative metabolite (2-cyanoethylene oxide or CNEO) have been shown to bind in vitro with isolated DNA and associated proteins, usually under non-physiological conditions, studies in mammalian cells or in vivo have provided little specification as to an ACN-DNA reaction. Only one early study in rats has shown an ACN/CNEO DNA adduct in liver, a non-target tissue for its carcinogenicity in the rat. By contrast, numerous studies have shown that ACN can act indirectly to induce at least one DNA adduct by forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo, but it has not been definitively shown that the resulting DNA damage is causative for the induction of mutations. Genotoxicity studies for ACN in somatic and germinal cells are summarized and critically reviewed. Significant data gaps have been identified for bringing together the massive data base that provides the basis of ACN's current genotoxicity profile.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 2","pages":"69-116"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9687746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

25X-NBOMe compounds - chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. A comprehensive review. 25X-NBOMe化合物-化学，药理学和毒理学。全面审查。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2194907

Monika Herian, Paweł Świt

{"title":"25X-NBOMe compounds - chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. A comprehensive review.","authors":"Monika Herian, Paweł Świt","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2194907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2194907","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a growing number of reports have indicated a positive effect of hallucinogenic-based therapies in different neuropsychiatric disorders. However, hallucinogens belonging to the group of new psychoactive substances (NPS) may produce high toxicity. NPS, due to their multi-receptors affinity, are extremely dangerous for the human body and mental health. An example of hallucinogens that have been lately responsible for many severe intoxications and deaths are 25X-NBOMes - N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-substituted phenethylamines, synthetic compounds with strong hallucinogenic properties. 25X-NBOMes exhibit a high binding affinity to serotonin receptors but also to dopamine, adrenergic and histamine receptors. Apart from their influence on perception, many case reports point out systemic and neurological poisoning with these compounds. In humans, the most frequent side effects are tachycardia, anxiety, hypertension and seizures. Moreover, preclinical studies confirm that 25X-NBOMes cause developmental impairments, cytotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity and changes in behavior of animals. Metabolism of NBOMes seems to be very complex and involves many metabolic pathways. This fact may explain the observed high toxicity. In addition, many analytical methods have been applied in order to identify these compounds and their metabolites. The presented review summarized the current knowledge about 25X-NBOMes, especially in the context of toxicity.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 1","pages":"15-33"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9682282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weight of evidence evaluation for chemical-induced immunotoxicity for PFOA and PFOS: findings from an independent panel of experts. 全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸化学诱导免疫毒性的证据权重评估：独立专家小组的调查结果。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2194913

Gregory J Garvey, Janet K Anderson, Philip E Goodrum, Kirby H Tyndall, L Anthony Cox, Mahin Khatami, Jorge Morales-Montor, Rita S Schoeny, Jennifer G Seed, Rajeev K Tyagi, Christopher R Kirman, Sean M Hays

{"title":"Weight of evidence evaluation for chemical-induced immunotoxicity for PFOA and PFOS: findings from an independent panel of experts.","authors":"Gregory J Garvey, Janet K Anderson, Philip E Goodrum, Kirby H Tyndall, L Anthony Cox, Mahin Khatami, Jorge Morales-Montor, Rita S Schoeny, Jennifer G Seed, Rajeev K Tyagi, Christopher R Kirman, Sean M Hays","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2194913","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2194913","url":null,"abstract":"Immunotoxicity is the critical endpoint used by some regulatory agencies to establish toxicity values for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). However, the hypothesis that exposure to certain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) causes immune dysregulation is subject to much debate. An independent, international expert panel was engaged utilizing methods to reduce bias and \"groupthink\". The panel concluded there is moderate evidence that PFOS and PFOA are immunotoxic, based primarily on evidence from animal data. However, species concordance and human relevance cannot be well established due to data limitations. The panel recommended additional testing that includes longer-term exposures, evaluates both genders, includes other species of animals, tests lower dose levels, assesses more complete measures of immune responses, and elucidates the mechanism of action. Panel members agreed that the Faroe Islands cohort data should not be used as the primary basis for deriving PFAS risk assessment values. The panel agreed that vaccine antibody titer is not useful as a stand-alone metric for risk assessment. Instead, PFOA and PFOS toxicity values should rely on multiple high-quality studies, which are currently not available for immune suppression. The panel concluded that the available PFAS immune epidemiology studies suffer from weaknesses in study design that preclude their use, whereas available animal toxicity studies provide comprehensive dataset to derive points of departure (PODs) for non-immune endpoints. The panel recommends accounting for potential PFAS immunotoxicity by applying a database uncertainty factor to POD values derived from animal studies for other more robustly supported critical effects.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 1","pages":"34-51"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9682284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Molecular insights into the role of electronic cigarettes in oral carcinogenesis. 电子烟在口腔癌变中的分子作用。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2190764

Meenu Maan, Moosa Abuzayeda, Eleftherios G Kaklamanos, Mohamed Jamal, Mainak Dutta, Keyvan Moharamzadeh

{"title":"Molecular insights into the role of electronic cigarettes in oral carcinogenesis.","authors":"Meenu Maan, Moosa Abuzayeda, Eleftherios G Kaklamanos, Mohamed Jamal, Mainak Dutta, Keyvan Moharamzadeh","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2190764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2023.2190764","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic cigarette (EC) usage or vaping has seen a significant rise in recent years across various parts of the world. They have been publicized as a safe alternative to smoking; however, this is not supported strongly by robust research evidence. Toxicological analysis of EC liquid and aerosol has revealed presence of several toxicants with known carcinogenicity. Oral cavity is the primary site of exposure of both cigarette smoke and EC aerosol. Role of EC in oral cancer is not as well-researched as that of traditional smoking. However, several recent studies have shown that it can lead to a wide range of potentially carcinogenic molecular events in oral cells. This review delineates the oral carcinogenesis potential of ECs at the molecular level, providing a summary of the effects of EC usage on cancer therapy resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), immune evasion, and microbiome dysbiosis, all of which may lead to increased tumor malignancy and poorer patient prognosis. This review of literature indicates that ECs may not be as safe as they are perceived to be, however further research is needed to definitively determine their oncogenic potential.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10039119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fiber biodurability and biopersistence: historical toxicological perspective of synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs), the long fiber paradigm, and implications for advanced materials. 纤维的生物耐久性和生物持久性:合成玻璃体纤维(SVFs)的历史毒理学观点，长纤维范式，以及对先进材料的影响。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2154636

Amy K Madl, Heidi C O'Neill

{"title":"Fiber biodurability and biopersistence: historical toxicological perspective of synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs), the long fiber paradigm, and implications for advanced materials.","authors":"Amy K Madl, Heidi C O'Neill","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2022.2154636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2022.2154636","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive toxicology studies of synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs) demonstrated that fiber dimension, durability/dissolution, and biopersistence are critical factors for risk of fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. Lessons learned from the SVF experience provide useful context for predicting hazards and risk of nano-enabled advanced materials. This review provides (1) a historical toxicological overview of animal and in vitro toxicology studies of SVFs, (2) key findings that long durable fibers pose a risk of fibrogenic and tumorigenic responses and not short fibers or long soluble fibers, (3) in vitro and in vivo test methods for biodurability and biopersistence and associated predictive thresholds for fibrosis or tumors, and (4) recommendations for testing of advanced materials. Generally, SVFs (fiber lengths >20 µm) with in vitro fiber dissolution rates greater than 100 ng/cm2/hr (glass fibers in pH 7 and stone fibers in pH 4.5) and in vivo fiber clearance less than WT1/2 40 or 50 days were not associated with fibrosis or tumors. Long biodurable and biopersistent fibers exceeding these fiber dissolution and clearance thresholds may pose a risk of fibrosis and cancer. Fiber length-, durability-, and biopersistent-dependent factors that influence pathogenicity of mineral fibers are also expected to affect the biological effects of high aspect ratio nanomaterials (HARN). Only with studies aimed to correlate in vitro durability, in vivo biopersistence, and biological outcomes will it be determined whether similar or different in vitro fiber dissolution and in vivo half-life thresholds, which exempt carcinogenicity classification of SVFs, can also apply to HARNs.","PeriodicalId":10869,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","volume":"52 10","pages":"811-866"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9273927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1