Current protein & peptide science最新文献

{"title":"Value of Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer (M2BPGi) in Assessing Liver Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review of its Serum Biomarker Role.","authors":"Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian","doi":"10.2174/0113892037315931240618085529","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037315931240618085529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a broad condition characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver tissue, which can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis if left untreated. Traditionally, liver biopsy is the gold standard for evaluating fibrosis. However, non-invasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis are developed to assess the fibrosis without the risk of biopsy complications. Novel serum biomarkers have emerged as a promising tool for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients. Several studies have shown that elevated levels of Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) are associated with increased liver fibrosis severity in MAFLD patients. This suggests that M2BPGi could serve as a reliable marker for identifying individuals at higher risk of disease progression. Furthermore, the use of M2BPGi offers a non-invasive alternative to liver biopsy, which is invasive and prone to sampling errors. Overall, the usage of M2BPGi in assessing liver fibrosis in MAFLD holds great promise for improving risk stratification and monitoring disease progression in affected individuals. Further research is needed to validate its utility in clinical practice and establish standardized protocols for its implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"6-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Proteases and Protease Inhibitors from <i>Ganoderma</i> spp. Cultivated in Amazonian Lignocellulose Wastes.","authors":"Larissa Ramos Chevreuil, Vitor Alves Pessoa, Giovanna Lima da Silva, Paula Romenya Dos Santos Gouvea, Larissa Batista do Nascimento Soares, Ceci Sales-Campos","doi":"10.2174/0113892037297181240605112831","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037297181240605112831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ganoderma spp. are a great source of bioactive molecules. The production and recovery of bioactive molecules vary according to strain, growth substrate, and extraction solution. Variations in protease and their inhibitors in basidiomata from a commercial strain (<i>G. lingzhi</i>) and an Amazonian isolate (<i>Ganoderma</i> sp.) cultivated in Amazonian lignocellulosic wastes and extracted with different solutions are plausible and were investigated in our study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Basidiomata from cultivation in substrates based on açaí seed, guaruba-cedro sawdust and three lots of marupá sawdust were submitted to extraction in water, Tris-HCl, and sodium phosphate. Protein content, proteases, and protease inhibitors were estimated through different assays. The samples were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tris-HCl provided higher protein extraction from <i>Ganoderma</i> sp. and higher caseinolytic, gelatinolytic, and fibrinolytic activity for <i>G. lingzhi</i> cultivated in açaí. Water extracts of <i>Ganoderma</i> sp., in general, exhibited higher trypsin and papain inhibitor activities compared to G. lingzhi. Extracts in Tris-HCl and sodium phosphate showed more intense protein bands in SDSPAGE, highlighting bands of molecular weights around 100, 50, and 30 kDa. FTIR spectra showed patterns for proteins in all extracts, with variation in transmittance according to substrate and extractor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Water extract from Amazonian <i>Ganoderma</i> sp. cultivated in marupá wastes are promising as a source of protease inhibitors, while the Tris-HCL extract of G. lingzhi from açaí cultivation stands out as a source of proteases with fibrinolytic, caseinolytic, and gelatinolytic activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"76-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141450016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Milk Peptides as a Nutraceutical Opportunity and Challenges.","authors":"Devesh U Kapoor, Mansi Gaur, Akash Kumar, Mohd Nazam Ansari, Bhupendra Prajapati","doi":"10.2174/0113892037319188240806074731","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037319188240806074731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biotechnology field has witnessed rapid advancements, leading to the development of numerous proteins and peptides (PPs) for disease management. The production and isolation of bioactive milk peptides (BAPs) involve enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, followed by purification through various techniques such as ultrafiltration and chromatography. The nutraceutical potential of bioactive milk peptides has gained significant attention in nutritional research, as these peptides may regulate blood sugar levels, mitigate oxidative stress, improve cardiovascular health, gut health, bone health, and immune responses, and exhibit anticancer properties. However, to enhance BAP bioavailability, the encapsulation method can be used to offer protection against protease degradation and controlled release. This article provides insights into the composition, types, production, isolation, bioavailability, and health benefits of BAPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"41-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptide Biomarkers - An Emerging Diagnostic Tool and Current Applicable Assay.","authors":"Jing Wu, Rui Yang","doi":"10.2174/0113892037315736240907131856","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037315736240907131856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past few decades, impressive progress achieved in technology development and improvement has accelerated the application of peptides as diagnostic biomarkers for various diseases. We outline the advantages of peptides as good diagnostic targets, since they serve as molecular surrogates of enzyme activities, much more specific biomarkers than proteins, and also play vital roles in many biological processes. On the basis of an extensive literature survey, peptide markers with high specificity and sensitivity that are currently applied in clinical tests, as well as recently identified, are summarized for the following four major categories of diseases: neurodegenerative disease, heart failure, infectious disease, and cancer. In addition, we summarize a few prevalent techniques used in peptide biomarker discovery and analysis, such as immunoassays, nanopore-based and nanoparticle-based peptide detection, and also MS-based peptide analysis techniques, and their pros and cons. Currently, there are plenty of analytical technologies available to achieve fast, sensitive and reliable peptide analyses, benefiting from the developments of hardware and instrumentation, as well as data analysis software and databases. Thus, with peptides emerging as sensitive, specific and reliable biomarkers for early detection of diseases, therapeutic monitoring, clinical treatment decisions and disease prognosis, the medical need for peptide biomarkers will increase strongly in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"167-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Anticancer Bioactive Peptide Combined with Oxaliplatin Inhibited Gastric Cancer Cells <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i>.","authors":"Xian Li, Lihua Kang, Wenyan Han, Xiulan Su","doi":"10.2174/0113892037350632241205040150","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037350632241205040150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric cancer has become one of the major diseases threatening human health. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of an anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP) combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) on MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 differentiated human gastric cancer cells and GES-1 immortalized human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. The therapeutic effect and action mechanism of short-term intermittent ACBP combined with OXA on nude mice with human gastric cancer were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of these agents in these cells were measured by an MTT assay, and cell morphological changes were observed by H&E staining. The expression of Lin28, miR-107, miR-609, and Let-7 in these four cell lines was determined by q-PCR after drug treatment. Lin28 protein expression in these four cell lines treated with these drugs was measured by western blotting. Furthermore, activity and quality of life were observed daily in all tumor-bearing nude mice, and the expression of Lin28 in tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that ACBP inhibited the proliferation of MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and weakly suppressed the proliferation of GES-1 cells. Moreover, its inhibitory effect on proliferation was stronger in poorly differentiated gastric cancer cells. ACBP, OXA, and the combination upregulated Lin28 gene expression in MKN-45 cells and downregulated it in SGC7901 and GES-1 cells. ACBP and the combination therapy downregulated Let-7 expression in MKN-45 cells and upregulated Let-7 expression in SGC7901 cells. The combination of ACBP with OXA demonstrated significant anticancer sensitization. Moreover, it also significantly improved the quality of life of tumor-bearing nude mice and reduced the toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on nude mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACBP alone and in combination with oxaliplatin influenced the expression of tumor stem cell marker gene Lin28 and regulated the expression of microRNAs specifically regulated by Lin28. In addition, the anticancer effects and attenuated sensitization effects of ACBP may be related to the Lin28/miRNA-107 signaling pathway, acting by inhibiting the proliferation of cancerous stem cells. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for exploring the antitumor mechanism of ACBP alone and combined with chemotherapeutic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"493-510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-Peptide Composites for Tissue Engineering Applications: Advances in Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Swati Gupta Sanjaykumar, Rishabha Malviya, Saurabh Srivastava, Irfan Ahmad, Prerna Uniyal, Bhupinder Singh, Nazima Nisar","doi":"10.2174/0113892037323136240910052119","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037323136240910052119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most well-known instances of an interdisciplinary subject is tissue engineering, where experts from many backgrounds collaborate to address important health issues and improve people's quality of life. Many researchers are interested in using chitosan and its derivatives as an alternative to fabricating scaffold engineering and skin grafts in tissue because of its natural abundance, affordability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and wound healing properties. Nanomaterials based on peptides can provide cells with the essential biological cues required to promote cellular adhesion and are easily fabricated. Due to such worthy properties of chitosan and peptide, they find their application in tissue engineering and regeneration processes. The implementation of hybrids of chitosan and peptide is increasing in the field of tissue engineering and scaffolding for improved cellular adherence and bioactivity. This review covers the individual applications of peptide and chitosan in tissue engineering and further discusses the role of their conjugates in the same. Here, the recent findings are also discussed, along with studies involving the use of these hybrids in tissue engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"185-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Paraoxonase 1: From Bloodstream Enzyme to Disease Fighter & Therapeutic Intervention.","authors":"Prakash Yadnyakant Khandave, Khushi Goyal, Prakashkumar Dobariya, Abhay Hariram Pande","doi":"10.2174/0113892037335325241011162207","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037335325241011162207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human paraoxonase 1 (hPON1) is a Ca2+-dependent metalloenzyme with multifunctional properties. Due to its diverse activities (arylesterase, phosphotriesterase, and lactonase), it plays a significant role in disease conditions. Researchers across the globe have demonstrated different properties of PON1, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and OPneutralization. Due to its pleotropic role in disease conditions like atherosclerosis, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and OP-poisoning, it can be considered as a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic interventions. Attempts are being made in this direction to identify the exact role of PON1 in these disease conditions. Different approaches like directed evolution, genetic as well as chemical fusion, liposomal delivery of PON1, etc., are being developed and evaluated for their therapeutic effects in different pathological conditions. In this review, we outline the exact role and involvement of different properties of PON1 in the pathophysiology of different diseases and how it can be utilized and developed as a therapeutic intervention in PON1-associated disease conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"282-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Thermal and pH Variations on the Structure of Cathepsin D in the Hepatopancreas of Japanese Clam (<i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i>).","authors":"Cadena-Cadena Francisco, Ezquerra-Brauer Josafat Marina, Cinco-Moroyoqui Francisco Javier, López-Zavala Alonso Alexis, Santacruz-Ortega Hisila Del Carmen, Rivero-Espejel Ignacio Alfredo, Rouzaud-Sández Ofelia, Cardenas-Lopez Jose Luis","doi":"10.2174/0113892037244173241206055736","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037244173241206055736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cathepsin D is a lysosomal enzyme that plays a critical role in the process of protein catabolism. In marine organisms, research has primarily concentrated on the identification of the enzyme. However, in crustaceans and molluscs, it is known to have digestive functions, as it is the sole enzyme responsible for protein degradation at extremely acidic pH in the hepatopancreas. In the Japanese clam (<i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i>), cathepsin D was purified and partially characterised from the hepatopancreas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To evaluate changes in secondary structure, circular dichroism (CD) was employed under a range of 5-70°C and pH of 1-7.5. Following dissection, the enzyme was purified from the hepatopancreas by ultrafiltration and affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE was used to verify the sample purity, and gel filtration was used to determine the molecular weight. CD spectra were obtained at a concentration of 0.125 mg/mL, expressed as mean ellipticity per residue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The purified cathepsin D demonstrated a specific activity of 5,553 ± 220 U/mg and a molecular weight of 36.5 kDa. The enzyme demonstrated optimal activity within a temperature range of 45-50°C and a pH range of 3-3.5. CD analyses demonstrated alterations in the secondary structure at elevated temperatures and pH fluctuations, which were correlated with a reduction in enzyme activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>cathepsin D from <i>R. philippinarum</i> exhibited high thermostability up to 50°C and activity at pH 2-4. Its stability and characteristics are comparable to those of other species, which opens avenues in biotechnology for protein hydrolysis and peptide production.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"467-479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Expression Characteristics and Interrelationships of FNDC5 and Pyroptosis-Associated Molecules in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.","authors":"Yujia Pan, Hangjun Ou, Danan Liu","doi":"10.2174/0113892037338952241113104224","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037338952241113104224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the expression characteristics and interrelationships of FNDC5 and pyroptosis-associated molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were divided into stable angina (SA), unstable angina (UA), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) groups based on different clinical symptoms. According to the Gensini score, they were then divided into mild, moderate, and severe lesion groups. The control (NC) group was also set. ELISA assay was employed to detect the levels of Irisin, IL-1β, and IL-18, and the levels of pyroptosis-associated molecules, NF-κB p50, NF-κB p65, and FNDC5 were detected and compared by qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB). Logistic regression and Spearman's partial correlation analysis were used to analyze the pathogenic factors of CHD and explore the interrelationships between FNDC5 and the molecules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-1β and IL-18 of CHD patients were increased, while the Irisin was decreased. With the aggravation of symptoms and severity of coronary artery stenosis, the former increased, and the Irisin gradually decreased (P<0.05). About qRT-PCR and WB: With the aggravation of symptoms, the levels of pyroptosis-associated molecules and other indicators were increased, and FNDC5 was decreased (Pπ0.05). NLRP3, Caspase-1, and NF-κB p50 protein were positively correlated with the incidence of CHD, and FNDC5 was also negatively correlated with that of CHD. Even when common risk factors for CHD were taken into account, FNDC5 and NLRP3 were still found to be negatively connected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The decreased expression level of FNDC5 and the increased level of pyroptosis-associated molecules may be related to CHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"480-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaperones as Potential Pharmacological Targets for Treating Protein Aggregation Illness.","authors":"Shikha Rani, Minkal Tuteja","doi":"10.2174/0113892037338028241230092414","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0113892037338028241230092414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The three-dimensional structure of proteins, achieved through the folding of the nascent polypeptide chain <i>in vivo</i>, is largely facilitated by molecular chaperones, which are crucial for determining protein functionality. In addition to aiding in the folding process, chaperones target misfolded proteins for degradation, acting as a quality control system within the cell. Defective protein folding has been implicated in a wide range of clinical conditions, including neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. It is now well understood that the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease shares a common mechanism: the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which aggregate and become toxic to cells. Among the family of molecular chaperones, Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are highly expressed in response to cellular stress and play a pivotal role in preventing protein aggregation. Specific chaperones, particularly HSPs, are now recognized as critical in halting the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded proteins in these conditions. Consequently, these chaperones are increasingly considered promising pharmacological targets for the treatment of protein aggregation-related diseases. This review highlights research exploring the potential roles of specific molecular chaperones in disorders characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":"451-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}