Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"In-context promoter bashing of the Sorghum bicolor gene models functionally annotated as bundle sheath cell preferred expressing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and alanine aminotransferase","authors":"Truyen N. Quach,&nbsp;Ming Guo,&nbsp;Tara Nazarenus,&nbsp;Shirley J. Sato,&nbsp;Mary Wang,&nbsp;Tieling Zhang,&nbsp;Natalya Nersesian,&nbsp;Zhengxiang Ge,&nbsp;Chidanand Ullagaddi,&nbsp;Mu Li,&nbsp;Bin Yu,&nbsp;James C. Schnable,&nbsp;Tom Elmo Clemente","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In-context promoter bashing via genome editing is a route to identify and characterize critical regulatory regions that govern expression of genes of interest. The outcomes of in-context promoter bashing can be used to inform editing strategies to modulate the expression of selected gene models in a desired fashion. Here, we employed in-context promoter bashing to characterize the proximal upstream regulatory regions of sorghum genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase bundle sheath (<i>Sb</i>PEPCK.BS, SbiTx430.01G455400) and alanine aminotransferase bundle sheath (<i>Sb</i>AlaAT.BS, SbiTx430.02G006600), two proteins involved in the PCK C₄ pathway. Characterized germinal edits within the targeted regions upstream of these two genes ranged in size from 138 up to 1790 bp. A 138 bp within the <i>Sb</i>PEPCK.BS upstream region and a 1643 bp element within the <i>Sb</i>AlaAT.BS upstream region were determined to be important for maintenance of transcription levels. No change in development or various physiological parameters was observed in characterized lineages carrying promoter edits. However, significant changes in seed reserves and a reduction in 100-seed weight were consistently observed, under both greenhouse and field environments, in plants carrying an edit in the promoter of <i>Sb</i>PEPCK.BS gene, which were significantly reduced in transcript accumulation for this gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sorghum waxy A1- and R-lines as hybrids","authors":"Scott E. Sattler,&nbsp;Deanna L. Funnell-Harris,&nbsp;Patrick O'Neill,&nbsp;John J. Toy","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70041","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>Waxy</i> locus (<i>Wx</i>) encodes the granule-bound starch synthase enzyme, which synthesizes amylose, the long-chain, unbranched starch polymer. Loss of function alleles of <i>Wx</i> result in the endosperm having a waxy appearance, and contain nearly all amylopectin, the highly branched starch polymer. A critical question for commercialization of waxy grain sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench] for applications ranging from food industry to bioenergy crop production is whether hybrids deleteriously affect agronomic traits. A set of six <i>waxy</i> sorghum <i>A</i>-lines was crossed with a set of six <i>R</i>-lines developed by USDA-ARS in Lincoln, NE. The hybrids were grown in two field sites under dryland and irrigated conditions. Both agronomic and grain composition traits were determined. The amylose concentration from all waxy hybrid grain was around 5% compared to wild-type hybrid checks, which had concentrations around 35%. In general, seedling emergence, test weight, and 100-seed weight were lower for <i>wx</i> hybrids than the commercial check. The grain yields for <i>wx</i> hybrid combinations with <i>A</i> lines PI 670136 and PI 672150 (Wheatland <i>wx</i>) or <i>R</i>-line PI 672152 (RTx430 <i>wx</i>) were over 8000 kg ha⁻¹ for several combinations. The <i>A</i> line PI 670136 in combination with five of the <i>R</i>-lines evaluated produced white sorghum grain on tan plants that could be milled into food grade white sorghum flour. The <i>waxy</i> hybrids in this study illustrate the potential to commercially produce <i>wx</i> grain sorghum for a range of applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean seed yield distribution within the canopy as affected by nitrogen supply","authors":"Lucia Bonfanti,&nbsp;Luzviminda A. Sazon,&nbsp;James E. Specht,&nbsp;Reka Howard,&nbsp;Walter D. Carciochi,&nbsp;Patricio Grassini,&nbsp;John L. Linquist,&nbsp;José F. Andrade,&nbsp;Nicolas Cafaro La Menza","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> [L.] Merr.) seed yield is influenced by the seasonal availability of resources (i.e., nutrients, light, and water). While nitrogen (N) supply is becoming a soybean yield-limiting factor, the N-induced effect in seed yield components is still unclear. The objective of this research was to assess the effect of N supply on soybean yield components distribution within the canopy. A ‘Full-N’ treatment, which provided the crop with ample N supply, was compared against a ‘Zero-N’ treatment in which the crop relied on soil N and biological N fixation at nine high-yielding irrigated soybean environments in Nebraska, with known levels of N limitation. Soybean seed yield components were determined at every node and grouped into five canopy sections. Seed yield ranged from 4378 to 7314 kg ha⁻¹ across environments and treatments. The greater N availability in the Full-N increased yield by 984 kg ha⁻¹ in comparison to Zero-N; via +253 seeds m⁻² (7%) and +16 mg seed⁻¹ (11%). N-induced responses in seed yield occurred in the lower (nodes 0–4), middle (nodes 9–13), and middle-upper sections (nodes 13–18). Seed number and pod number increased in the middle-upper section. Notably, individual seed weight increased in all node sections. The seed number per pod response to N was negligible. The seed abortion within pods was 8%, but the Full-N treatment reduced it by one percentage point. This study comprehensively examined the effects of N availability on soybean yield components within the canopy during their sequential establishment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lethal and sublethal effects of novaluron, a novel insect growth regulator, on annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis Kirby, lifestages in turfgrass","authors":"Benjamin A. McGraw,&nbsp;Stokes A. Aker","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of pyrethroid resistance within annual bluegrass weevil (ABW), <i>Listronotus maculicollis</i> (Kirby), a severe pest of golf course turfgrass in eastern North America, has created a dire need for alternatives to conventional insecticides. This study assessed the efficacy of novaluron, a recently registered benzoylphenyl urea insect growth regulator which inhibits chitin synthesis in developing larvae, as an alternative to conventional neurotoxic insecticides. Field trial treatments were designed to assess the effect of application timing in relation to population development stages, including peak overwintering adult emergence and early-instar (stem-boring) and late-instar (soil-dwelling) larvae. Novaluron was effective at all timings, even when larvae were not yet present (overwintering adult peak). In laboratory assays, novaluron topically applied to adults reduced the recovery of first-instar larvae by 91%–98% and 0%–43% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Significant ovicidal activity was also observed with reductions of 67%–85% and 35%–68% in 2020 and 2021 trials, respectively. Females treated with 9.3 L ha⁻¹ novaluron experienced reduced fecundity over 8 weeks (52%), though weekly reductions were only significantly different from controls in the first week after exposure. Novaluron-treated adults resumed oviposition after being transferred to untreated turf, suggesting potential recovery from exposure. These studies demonstrate novaluron's effectiveness against a wide range of larval instars which should facilitate flexible application timing in field settings. However, the transient effects observed on adults in laboratory studies may reduce novaluron's reliability as an adulticide.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oaxacan Green Dent maize is not from Oaxaca","authors":"James B. Holland,&nbsp;Martha C. Willcox,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Samayoa,&nbsp;Matthew Smith Woore,&nbsp;Miriam Nancy Salazar-Vidal,&nbsp;William F. Tracy","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oaxacan Green Dent is a maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) cultivar marketed as an introduced Mexican heritage cultivar adapted to the higher latitudes of the United States. Its adaptation and appearance contradict an origin in Oaxaca, Mexico, however, and no indigenous cultivars in Oaxaca are known to have the unique kernel colors of Oaxacan Green Dent. We compared phenotypes and genotypes of Oaxacan Green Dent sampled from three different sources along with several Corn Belt cultivars and 15 landrace accessions collected from a wide range of geography, altitude, and cultural groups in Oaxaca. Multivariate analysis of 13 phenotypic traits measured in a field experiment suggested that Oaxacan Green Dent is more closely related to Corn Belt Dents than to Oaxacan cultivars. Genomic analysis from DNA sequencing demonstrated unambiguously that Oaxacan Green Dents are even more distantly related to Oaxacan cultivars than typical US Corn Belt Dent cultivars are. Phenotypic, genetic, and historical data indicate that Oaxacan Green Dent is almost certainly directly derived from Ernest Strubbe's Green Dent cultivar, which he developed in Minnesota from crosses between a Corn Belt Dent cultivar and an intensely colored popcorn cultivar, with no contribution from Oaxacan cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Genome-wide association study for traits related to cold tolerance and recovery during seedling stage in rice”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rastogi, K., Mankar, S. P., &amp; Septiningsih, E. M. (2025). Genome-wide association study for traits related to cold tolerance and recovery during seedling stage in rice. <i>Crop Science</i>, e70003. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70003</p><p>In the “Data Availability Statement” section, the text “All data are available online: the Supplemental Material contains the list of rice accessions (Table S1) and the Phenotypic data (Table S2), while the Genotypic data (SNP marker by accession matrix) is available from the Dryad Digital Repository (will be provided on acceptance of the manuscript)” was incorrect. This should have read “All data are available online: The Supporting Information contains the list of rice accessions (Table S1) and the phenotypic data (Table S2), whereas the genotypic data (SNP marker by accession matrix) are available from the Dryad Digital Repository (Table S3; https://doi.10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wg4).”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of Phytophthora sojae resistance in soybean genotypes PI 399079 and PI 408132","authors":"Elizabeth M. Clevinger,&nbsp;Ruslan Biyashev,&nbsp;Clarice Schmidt,&nbsp;Qijian Song,&nbsp;Alison E. Robertson,&nbsp;Anne E. Dorrance,&nbsp;M. A. Saghai Maroof","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous novel sources of resistance to <i>Phytophthora sojae</i>, which causes Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>, [L.] Merr), have been identified, but not all loci have been mapped and few have been cloned. Two plant introductions (PIs), PI 399079 and PI 408132, were identified as sources of <i>Rps</i>-gene mediated resistance through inoculations with numerous isolates individually and a combination of three isolates of <i>P. sojae</i>. Resistance was mapped in F₇ and F₉ recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from crosses of the susceptible cultivar Williams and the two PIs. Resistance was controlled by two to three genes depending on the <i>P. sojae</i> isolate(s). Thus, quantitative trait locus mapping was used and identified four and three quantitative disease resistance loci (QDRL) in the PI 399079 and PI 408132 RIL populations, respectively. Each locus conferred resistance to different <i>P. sojae</i> isolates. Two QDRL were identified on chromosome 7, one of which is novel and the second may be an allele of <i>Rps11</i> previously identified in PI 594527. These results indicate that there are new alleles to known <i>Rps</i> genes in these PIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genetic balancing act: Exploring segregation distortion of SCN resistance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]","authors":"Seda Ozer,&nbsp;Andrew F. Bent,&nbsp;Eliana D. Monteverde,&nbsp;Sarah J. Schultz,&nbsp;Brian W. Diers","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Rhg1</i> is the most important locus conferring resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN; <i>Heterodera glycine</i> Ichinohe) in soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.]. Previous research has shown that to obtain viable plants, the SCN resistance allele at <i>Rhg1</i> on chromosome 18 needs to be paired with <i>NSF_RAN07</i>, an atypical <span>r</span>esistance-<span>a</span>ssociated <i><span>N</span>SF</i> allele of the <i>N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor</i> (<i>NSF</i>) gene on chromosome 07. This causes segregation distortion in populations developed from crosses between resistant and susceptible plants. Our study aimed to improve our understanding of this segregation distortion and determine the developmental stage at which it occurs. DNA from developing F₂ seeds and F₂ plants originating from crosses between resistant and susceptible parents was genotyped with markers for the <i>rhg1</i> and <i>NSF</i> loci using TaqMan assays. Chi-square tests revealed significant deviations from the expected Mendelian segregation ratio (1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1) in both F₂ seeds and plants, indicating segregation distortion at these loci. The absence of the <i>rhg1-b_rhg1-b_NSF_Ch07_NSF_Ch07</i> genotype supports the previous finding that the combination of the resistance allele <i>rhg1-b</i> and the commonly occurring <i>NSF_Ch07</i> allele is lethal, apparently because the α-SNAP (where SNAP is soluble NSF attachment protein) encoded by <i>rhg1-b</i> or <i>rhg1-a</i> interacts well with the <i>NSF</i>_RAN07 protein but not the more common <i>NSF</i>_Ch07 protein. The findings indicate that segregation distortion occurs prior to seed maturation and is primarily due to zygotic selection during early seed development. The results emphasize the need to consider this genetic interaction in breeding efforts to improve soybean since segregation distortion may affect the inheritance of SCN resistance and other traits linked to <i>Rhg1</i> or <i>NSF_Ch07</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusting seeding rate across soybean planting date and maturity in the Southeast United States","authors":"D. R. Stokes,&nbsp;R. A. Vann,&nbsp;J. L. Heitman,&nbsp;G. D. Collins,&nbsp;R. W. Heiniger,&nbsp;K. D. Stowe","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soybeans [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.] are planted across a wide range of planting dates (PDs) (March to early August) in the Southeast United States, resulting in a wide range of growing conditions and, consequently, soybean production practices used. Current seeding rate (SR) recommendations should be revisited to reflect the range of PDs and other management practices used in the Southeast United States. Studies were conducted across 15 North Carolina environments from 2019 to 2022 to determine the agronomically optimal seeding rate (AOSR) and economically optimal seeding rate (EOSR) required for the PDs and maturity groups (MGs) used by soybean producers in the Southeast United States. Main plot treatments included PD (mid-March through mid-July), sub-plot included MGs (2–7), and sub-subplot included SR (185,329–432,434 seeds ha⁻¹). Early PDs generally resulted in lower plant populations due to environmental conditions such as cooler soil temperatures. Higher SRs resulted in higher plant populations across environments. PD, MG, and SR interacted to impact soybean yield (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and revenue (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Earlier PDs, March to April 10 (day of year [DOY] 80–100), resulted in lower yields and revenues compared to a more moderate full-season PD, April 30–May 20 (DOY 120–140), and delayed planting required higher AOSR and EOSR to maximize yield and revenue. Variations in MGs also impacted optimal SRs, with MGs (2–4) generally requiring higher AOSR and EOSR than MGs (5–8). AOSR and EOSR analyses reveal a positive correlation between SR, yield, and revenue up to a certain threshold, beyond which increasing SR does not significantly improve yield or revenue. Soybean producers should adjust their SR based on PD and MG selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of two QTL for Hessian fly resistance in a Pakistan spring wheat cultivar Parvaz-94","authors":"Xiaoting Xu,&nbsp;Yunfeng Xu,&nbsp;Xuming Liu,&nbsp;Ming-Shun Chen,&nbsp;Amy Bernardo,&nbsp;Paul St. Amand,&nbsp;Alan Fritz,&nbsp;Guorong Zhang,&nbsp;Sanzhen Liu,&nbsp;Xiaomao Lin,&nbsp;Guihua Bai","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hessian fly (HF), <i>Mayetiola destructor</i> (Say), is a serious pest of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the most effective and economical approach for HF management. Previous screening of 176 wheat accessions from Pakistan only identified Parvaz-94 with high resistance to HF biotype Great Plains (GP), a predominant biotype in the US Great Plains. To determine the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for HF resistance in Parvaz-94, we evaluated a population of 178 recombinant inbred lines from Parvaz-94 × Cadenza for resistance to HF biotype GP and constructed a high-density linkage map with 3469 single-nucleotide polymorphisms generated by genotyping-by-sequencing. Two QTLs (<i>QHf.hwwg-1AS.2</i> and <i>QHf.hwwg-6BS.2</i>) were identified on the short arms of chromosomes 1A and 6B, respectively. <i>QHf.hwwg-1AS.2</i> was mapped to a 4.0 Mb interval (4.6–8.6 Mb) on the chromosome arm 1AS, and <i>QHf.hwwg-6BS.2</i> was localized to a 5.4 Mb interval (2.3–7.7 Mb) on the chromosome arm 6BS based on International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium RefSeq v2.1 reference genome. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR markers were developed for both QTL. The marker <i>K6B_7697506</i>, tightly linked to <i>QHf.hwwg-6BS.2</i>, was validated in three diversity panels of 610 winter wheat accessions from the major US winter wheat growing states and can be used for marker-assisted selection of <i>QHf.hwwg-6BS.2</i> in breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}