Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Durum wheat with Yr78 and common wheat with Yr78 and Yr36 in coupling show enhanced stripe rust resistance","authors":"Chen Dang,&nbsp;Joshua M Hegarty,&nbsp;Meinan Wang,&nbsp;Xianming Chen,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhang,&nbsp;Jorge Dubcovsky","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The adult plant resistance gene <i>Yr78</i> provides durable resistance to stripe rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) in common wheat but has not been detected in durum wheat or other tetraploid wheat accessions. To introduce <i>Yr78</i> into durum wheat, we introgressed it into the cultivar Kronos by marker-assisted backcrossing. Field evaluation revealed that the introgression of <i>Yr78</i> reduced the mean infection type from 6.27 to 3.79 and the mean disease severity from 63.91% to 38.71%. Using germplasm excluding other resistance quantitative trait locus found in Kronos, we quantified the effect of <i>Yr78</i> and observed that <i>Yr78</i> alone significantly reduced stripe rust infection type and severity by 14.72% and 25.76%, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but the infection type (IT) score remained high (mean IT = 6.75), indicating <i>Yr78</i> should be combined with additional resistance genes for enhanced effectiveness. To achieve this, we combined the linked <i>Yr36</i> and <i>Yr78</i> in coupling in common wheat to enhance the <i>Pst</i> resistance and facilitate their simultaneous deployment in breeding programs. The combined <i>Yr36–Yr78</i> genes significantly reduced the mean IT score by 42.86% compared to lines without these two genes. To enhance the value of this combination, we also combined the linked <i>Yr36–Yr78</i> with seedling resistance genes <i>Yr5</i> and <i>Yr15</i>, so all four genes can be transferred in a single cross. Molecular markers for these genes are provided to facilitate their deployment. The germplasm developed in this study has been deposited to GRIN-Global to accelerate its use in durum and common wheat breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic mapping of agronomically important traits in einkorn wheat","authors":"Adam Lampar,&nbsp;Hana Lněničková,&nbsp;Zuzana Antalová,&nbsp;Barbora Balcárková,&nbsp;Tibor Sedláček,&nbsp;Eva Janáková,&nbsp;Delfina Barabaschi,&nbsp;Abraham Korol,&nbsp;Václav Dvořáček,&nbsp;Monika Škopová,&nbsp;Zuzana Tulpová,&nbsp;Zuzana Korchanová,&nbsp;Maciej Majka,&nbsp;Jakub Juračka,&nbsp;Jan Bartoš,&nbsp;Jaroslav Doležel,&nbsp;Miroslav Valárik","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bread wheat, a global staple food, has seen a significant reduction in genetic diversity due to domestication and intensive breeding. Diploid einkorn wheat (<i>Triticum monococcum</i> L.) is a valuable resource for enhancing the genetic pool of bread wheat. A linkage map spanning 1033 cM was constructed using 81 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between cultivated <i>Triticum monococcum</i> ‘DV92’ and wild <i>Triticum boeoticum</i> ‘G3116.’ The RILs were phenotyped in up to eight environments for 24 agronomically important traits, including plant height, tiller number, plant architecture, leaf pubescence, ear emergence time, and spike- and grain-related traits. QTL analyses revealed 167 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) distributed across all chromosomes, of which 36 QTLs were mapped in intervals of less than 10 cM, and 77 QTLs explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variance for a trait, with a maximum of 56.2% (the drought resistance-related leaf pubescence). Verification using 407 F₂ genotypes confirmed that over 30% of the QTLs were highly reproducible. In addition, we have demonstrated that the identified QTLs can be readily characterized by fine-mapping of a novel QTL for leaf pubescence, <i>QLP.ieb-3A</i>, on chromosome 3A^m. This study provides valuable insights into loci influencing key agronomic traits, such as yield and resistance to abiotic stress, and is suitable for bread wheat gene pool enrichment. Additionally, the findings facilitate map-based cloning of the underlying genes, paving the way for functional studies and efficient application of the loci in wheat breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic characterization of trait architecture in multi‑population half-sib families of the perennial crop intermediate wheatgrass","authors":"Prabin Bajgain,&nbsp;Jacob M. Jungers,&nbsp;James A. Anderson","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cool-season perennial species <i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i> (intermediate wheatgrass [IWG]) is a forage grass recognized for its extensive root structure, high biomass, and promising grain yield potential. The University of Minnesota has been domesticating IWG as a food crop since 2011. While most breeding work is carried out in spaced-planted selection nurseries, these do not represent how the plants are grown in fields for commercial grain production. Therefore, this research evaluated half-sib families (HSFs) established in sward plots over multiple locations and years to study trends in grain production as the plant stands aged. A total of 208 HSFs were assessed for plant height, grain yield, and seed size. Principal component analysis using genetic data detected a weak but visible population structure as genotypes clustered into two groups. Across the field environments, that is, 3 years and two locations in Minnesota, substantial variation in trait performance was observed. Thirty-two HSFs exhibited stable grain yield across 3 years and both locations with no decline in grain production, a crucial finding as IWG yield typically declines after the first 2 years of cultivation. Trait heritability estimates were the lowest for grain yield (0.36) and highest for the plant height (0.51). A scan of the genome for marker-trait associations identified 42 genomic loci associated with the three traits. These findings suggest that HSFs can be a valuable resource in IWG breeding programs to identify maternal genotypes and sib families with stable yield performance and should be evaluated on a regular basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential utilization of two new varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris in yoghurt manufacturing","authors":"Eric Owusu Mensah,&nbsp;Comfort Yaa Agbodeka,&nbsp;Faustina Okyere,&nbsp;Abigail Amoa-Owusu,&nbsp;Florence Osei-Wusu,&nbsp;Comfort Frimpomaa","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Four new varieties of common bean, rich in iron and zinc, have been developed and released because of their high adaptability to different agroecological zones in Ghana. However, their potential utilization in the food systems has not been fully exploited. This present study tested the production of composite yoghurt from two varieties, <i>Adoye</i> and <i>Semenhyia</i>, and evaluated their physicochemical and sensory properties. The pH, titratable acidity (TA), and total solids of the yoghurts varied from 4.49 to 4.86, 0.16% to 0.65%, and 11.45% to 17.95%, respectively. The syneresis values obtained from the Adoye and Semenhyia milk substituted yoghurt ranged from 20.04% to 55.66% and 31.75% to 45.05%, respectively. High TA was detected in Adoye-substituted yoghurt. The cow milk yoghurt (control) obtained the highest acceptability, followed by 55% Adoye milk-substituted yoghurt. The current exploratory study indicates a high potency of utilizing milk extracted from common beans in yoghurt production. Such a venture will introduce diversity into the yoghurt market with varying physicochemical, nutritional, and organoleptic properties, and add value to the supply chain of the common bean.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding multi-QTL networks and candidate genes for rice grain size qGW5 using chromosomal segment substitution line Z525","authors":"Zhuowen Zhao,&nbsp;Keli Deng,&nbsp;Keying Xie,&nbsp;Zhuang Xie,&nbsp;Dachuan Wang,&nbsp;Yinghua Ling,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhu,&nbsp;Ting Zhang,&nbsp;Changwei Zhang,&nbsp;Guanghua He,&nbsp;Fangming Zhao","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grain size is difficult to research due to its complex inheritance, which is usually controlled by multiple genes in traditional populations. Single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) are ideal materials for the genetic studying of these complex traits and breeding by design owing to their favorable quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the uniform genetic background. Here, we constructed a new rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) short-wide grain chromosomal segment substitution line Z525 with four substitution segments from R232 in the genetic background of Xihui18. Then, an F₂ population from Xihui18/Z525 was used as a segregation population to map QTL for grain size by mixed linear model method. In total, four QTL were detected, and four SSSLs (S1–S4) and five dual-segment substitution lines (DSSLs, D1–D5) were developed, and within them 15 QTL (<i>qGL5</i>, <i>qGW5</i>, <i>qRLW5</i>, <i>qGWT5</i>, <i>qGW3</i>, <i>qRLW3</i>, <i>qGWT3</i>, <i>qGL4</i>, <i>qGW4</i>, <i>qRLW4</i>, <i>qGWT4</i>, <i>qGL7</i>, <i>qGW7</i>, <i>qRLW7</i>, and <i>qGWT7</i>) were associated with grain size. Again, the genetic models of various QTL for grain size were revealed. Interaction of <i>qGW3</i> (<i>a</i> = 0.09 mm) and <i>qGW4</i> (<i>a</i> = 0.04 mm) in D1 produced −0.04 mm of epistatic effect; <i>qGW3</i> (<i>a</i> = 0.09 mm) and <i>qGW5</i> (<i>a</i> = 0.16 mm) belonged to independent inheritance in D2. Finally, by overlapping substitution mapping and DNA sequencing, we identified a novel <i>qGW5</i>, different from the reported <i>GW5</i> (5.73 Mb), within an estimated interval of 1.10 Mb of Chr.5. <i>LOC_Os05g12260</i>, <i>LOC_Os05g12570</i>, and <i>LOC_Os05g13950</i> are possible candidates for <i>qGW5</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population structure and genetic diversity of Brachiaria grass (Urochloa spp.) accessions from the Democratic Republic of Congo using DArTseq single nucleotide polymorphism markers","authors":"Pyame Balemirwe Mushagalusa,&nbsp;Paul Kitenge Kimwemwe,&nbsp;Dieudonné Musale Katunga,&nbsp;Jean Mubalama Mondo,&nbsp;Nadège Cizungu Cirezi,&nbsp;Rodrigue Basengere Ayagirwe,&nbsp;Samy Bashizi Bacigale,&nbsp;Collins Mutai,&nbsp;Meki Shehabu Muktar,&nbsp;Wilson Kimani,&nbsp;Chris S. Jones","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Brachiaria grass (<i>Urochloa</i> spp.) is one of the key forage grasses utilized in sub-Saharan Africa for improving livestock productivity, particularly in terms of milk production and feed sufficiency. Limited information on its genetic resources has hindered its breeding and conservation strategies. This study used a set of 199 accessions collected across the Democratic Republic of Congo, which were genotyped using the Diversity Arrays Technology Sequencing platform. A total of 5787 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure. Markers were moderately informative in differentiating the accessions with average polymorphic information content and gene diversity of 0.29 and 0.08, respectively. Structure analysis showed seven sub-populations (<i>K</i> = 7) with admixture corresponding to the geographical sources of the accessions. Discriminant analysis of principal component (DAPC) and principal component analysis further classified the accessions into five and six clusters, respectively. Genetic clustering was consistent with the DAPC and showed five main clusters with variable membership coefficients. Most pairs of accessions (80.6%) had a Euclidean genetic distance above 0.25, suggesting that most of them were genetically diverse. Mantel tests revealed a positive correlation between geographic and genetic distance among populations (<i>r</i>  =  0.315, <i>p</i>  =  0.0001), demonstrating consistency with the isolation by distance model. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significant differences between sub-populations, 74.41%, and a high fixation index (<i>F</i>_st= 0.77) and low number of migrants per generation (Nm = 0.08), indicating high genetic differentiation and a low gene exchange among the sub-populations and suggesting the presence of different Brachiaria grass species in our collection. The results revealed significant genetic diversity in the Brachiaria grass collection, which could be explored in genetic improvement, marker-assisted breeding, and to enhance conservation management of this germplasm in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyridoxine acts as a booster of gas exchange and soybean production components","authors":"Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo,&nbsp;Brenda Luciana Queiroz Ribeiro,&nbsp;Fernanda Pacheco de Almeida Prado Bortolheiro,&nbsp;Leonardo Borges Vasconcelos Meira,&nbsp;Murilo Battistuzzi Martins,&nbsp;Flávio Ferreira da Silva Binotti,&nbsp;Cássio de Castro Seron,&nbsp;Tassila Aparecida do Nascimento de Araújo,&nbsp;Sebastião Ferreira de Lima","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of biostimulant compounds in agriculture has helped producers obtain better results by stimulating vegetative and reproductive development and circumvent some of the effects of climate change, such as periods of water stress and heat waves. In this sense, B vitamins have been studied to promote beneficial effects, whether biostimulant or bioprotective, on species of agricultural interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exogenous application of pyridoxine on the development and grain yield of the soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) crop, indicating the potential use of the vitamin to improve the crop. Two cycles were conducted, with treatments consisting of different doses of pyridoxine (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 g ha⁻¹). Gas exchange, vegetative growth, and production characteristics were evaluated. Among the main results were an increase in the rate of CO₂ assimilation, water use efficiency, carboxylation, the number of branches, pods, and yield. Therefore, applying pyridoxine acted positively on soybean yield components when applied at the beginning of the pod development. In addition, doses between 20 and 80 g ha⁻¹ can be used to obtain higher yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Molecular mapping of dominant male sterile gene in the Brassica napus line Shaan-GMS by BSA-Seq and candidate gene association analysis”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Chen, Z., Chen, H., Zhang, Q., Hu, Z., &amp; Hu, S. (2025). Molecular mapping of dominant male sterile gene in the <i>Brassica napus</i> line Shaan-GMS by BSA-Seq and candidate gene association analysis. <i>Crop Science</i>, <i>65</i>, e70043. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70043</p><p>This erratum corrects the following error:</p><p>In the Funding Information section, the grant number for The National Natural Science Foundation of China was incorrectly listed as 3217150949. The correct funding number should have read: 32172075.</p><p>We apologize for this.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic gains from 60 years of spring wheat breeding in the Northern Plains of the United States","authors":"Harsimardeep S. Gill,&nbsp;Sarah Blecha,&nbsp;Charlotte Brault,&nbsp;Karl Glover,&nbsp;Andrew Green,&nbsp;Jason Cook,&nbsp;Aaron Lorenz,&nbsp;Andrew Read,&nbsp;James A. Anderson","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evaluating genetic gains over time is essential for assessing the success of breeding programs and refining strategies for ongoing improvement. Hard red spring (HRS) wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is an important class of wheat in the United States and is primarily grown in the Northern Great Plains. Despite a long history of breeding efforts in this region, long-term quantification of genetic gains for key traits has remained limited. This study analyzes over 60 years of data from the United States Department of Agriculture-coordinated Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery to evaluate genetic improvement in agronomic traits across multiple phases. A significant positive genetic gain of 0.61% per annum was observed for grain yield in HRS wheat released in the Northern plains over the past six decades, which is lower than the expected gains needed to meet future wheat demand. The change was 0.07% for test weight, −0.04% for days to heading, and −0.16% for plant height. Notably, sustained yield improvements have not affected grain protein levels since they were first measured in 1995, indicating that ongoing selection has effectively balanced grain yield and protein despite their negative correlation (<i>r</i> = −0.31). Assessment of genetic gains over 20-year phases suggested slowing rates of genetic gains for grain yield but did not indicate any plateaus. The realized genetic gains were generally higher for individual breeding programs when breeding for target environments, with the public breeding program in Minnesota observing annual gains of approximately 1%. These findings highlight the significant impact of long-term breeding efforts, underscore the importance of regional public breeding programs, and offer valuable insights for refining future breeding strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into a genomics-based pre-breeding program in wheat","authors":"Carina Meyenberg,&nbsp;Patrick Thorwarth,&nbsp;Monika Spiller,&nbsp;Sonja Kollers,&nbsp;Jochen Christoph Reif,&nbsp;Carl Friedrich Horst Longin","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continuous intercrossing of the best-performing wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) elite lines has resulted in genetic gains for a wide range of traits. However, this approach can also reduce genetic diversity, which potentially limits the long-term genetic improvement. The use of plant genetic resources (PGRs) is therefore considered as crucial to maintain, or even increase, genetic variability in breeding to address future challenges in agriculture in a sustainable manner. Pre-breeding programs aim to incorporate untapped genetic diversity into an elite germplasm background. Since there is limited knowledge exchange and few publications on how to run pre-breeding programs efficiently, we report here our latest pre-breeding scheme and key lessons learned from a decade of wheat pre-breeding. Our study is based on genotypic and phenotypic data from 390 pre-breeding lines coming from multiple locations and 4 years of yield trials. We used the genotypic data to estimate the genetically estimated parental contribution (GEPC) of PGRs in pre-breeding lines. Considerable variation in GEPC between pre-breeding lines were found even within the same cross. Combining both genotypic and phenotypic data, we compared different scenarios for genome-wide predictions. Predicting new lines based on calibrations developed across previous years, we determined prediction abilities ranging between 0.34 and 0.69 for grain yield and 0.53 and 0.71 for sedimentation volume, depending on the predicted dataset. Finally, we showed that targeted pre-breeding yields a small number of promising pre-breeding lines that perform at the level of the most important commercial varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}