Genetic characterization of trait architecture in multi‑population half-sib families of the perennial crop intermediate wheatgrass

IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY
Crop Science Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI:10.1002/csc2.70126
Prabin Bajgain, Jacob M. Jungers, James A. Anderson
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Abstract

The cool-season perennial species Thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate wheatgrass [IWG]) is a forage grass recognized for its extensive root structure, high biomass, and promising grain yield potential. The University of Minnesota has been domesticating IWG as a food crop since 2011. While most breeding work is carried out in spaced-planted selection nurseries, these do not represent how the plants are grown in fields for commercial grain production. Therefore, this research evaluated half-sib families (HSFs) established in sward plots over multiple locations and years to study trends in grain production as the plant stands aged. A total of 208 HSFs were assessed for plant height, grain yield, and seed size. Principal component analysis using genetic data detected a weak but visible population structure as genotypes clustered into two groups. Across the field environments, that is, 3 years and two locations in Minnesota, substantial variation in trait performance was observed. Thirty-two HSFs exhibited stable grain yield across 3 years and both locations with no decline in grain production, a crucial finding as IWG yield typically declines after the first 2 years of cultivation. Trait heritability estimates were the lowest for grain yield (0.36) and highest for the plant height (0.51). A scan of the genome for marker-trait associations identified 42 genomic loci associated with the three traits. These findings suggest that HSFs can be a valuable resource in IWG breeding programs to identify maternal genotypes and sib families with stable yield performance and should be evaluated on a regular basis.

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多年生作物中麦草多居群半同胞家系性状结构的遗传特征
寒季多年生植物Thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate wheatgrass [IWG])是一种根系结构粗大、生物量高、产量潜力大的牧草。自2011年以来,明尼苏达大学一直在将IWG驯化为粮食作物。虽然大多数育种工作是在间隔种植的选择苗圃中进行的,但这些并不代表如何在田间种植用于商业粮食生产。因此,本研究评估了在多个地点和年份的草地上建立的半同胞家族(hsf),以研究随着植物林分老化,粮食生产的趋势。对208个HSFs进行了株高、籽粒产量和种子大小的评价。利用遗传数据进行主成分分析,发现基因型聚为两组,群体结构弱但明显。在整个田间环境中,即在明尼苏达州的3年和两个地点,观察到性状表现的实质性变化。32个高岭土在3年内均表现出稳定的粮食产量,而且两个地点的粮食产量都没有下降,这是一个至关重要的发现,因为高岭土的产量通常在种植前2年后下降。籽粒产量遗传力最低(0.36),株高遗传力最高(0.51)。对基因组进行标记-性状关联扫描,鉴定出42个与这三种性状相关的基因组位点。这些发现表明,hsf可作为IWG育种计划的宝贵资源,用于鉴定具有稳定产量表现的母系基因型和兄弟姐妹家族,并应定期进行评估。
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来源期刊
Crop Science
Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.
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