Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Cultivating connections: Framing turfgrass as a thriving social–ecological–technological system","authors":"Michael R. Barnes, Joshua Friell, Bryan C. Runck, Douglas J. Soldat, Eric Watkins, Chengyan Yue","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21387","url":null,"abstract":"Turfgrass systems are some of the most ubiquitous forms of perennial agricultural systems. People interact with them on a daily basis, and they provide a wide variety of social and environmental benefits. Over the past two decades, turfgrass systems have been increasingly seen as coupled human-natural systems, which has prompted new avenues of research across multiple areas from breeding to management. While this human-natural systems framework has been helpful, the rapid development and integration of technology (e.g., smart sensors, robotic mowers) and the push for nature-based solutions and green infrastructure have changed the landscape significantly for turfgrass systems. With this in mind, the current work advocates for the adoption of a new framework, social–ecological–technological systems (SETS), to better understand where turfgrass systems research is situated now and, more importantly, what directions it could go in the future.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant growth regulator effects on red fescue seed crops in diverse production environments","authors":"Surendra Bhattarai,&nbsp;Nityananda Khanal,&nbsp;Nicole P. Anderson,&nbsp;Calvin L. Yoder","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21386","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21386","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strong creeping red fescue (<i>Festuca rubra</i> L. spp. <i>rubra</i> Gaudin) is a cool-season perennial turfgrass widely used in temperate and subalpine regions around the globe. Although creeping red fescue turf is tolerant of shade, low fertility acidic soils, and drought conditions, creeping red fescue seed crops grown in optimal growing environments can lodge, ultimately reducing yield in regions where this important turfgrass is grown for seed. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of two plant growth regulators (PGRs), chlormequat chloride (CCC) and trinexapac-ethyl (TE), on plant height, lodging, and seed yield of strong creeping red fescue over 9 site-years in the Peace River region of western Canada. The study encompassed 6 site-years with first-year stands and 3 site-years with second-year stands. The PGRs were applied alone and in a TE + CCC mixture at the two-node (BBCH 32–33, where BBCH is Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie) and early head emergence (BBCH 51–52) growth stages in first- and second-year stands, respectively. The application of TE, CCC, and their mixture resulted in a differential decrease in lodging and an increase in seed yield in first-year stands. However, PGRs applied at BBCH 51–52 on second-year stands had no effect on seed yield but reduced plant height and lodging. This study found a negative correlation between seed yield and lodging. Among the PGR treatments, the CCC + TE mixture was the most effective in reducing lodging and increasing seed yield of strong creeping red fescue.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3608-3618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142384251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing realized genetic gains in biofortified cassava breeding for over a decade: Enhanced nutritional value and agronomic performance","authors":"Luis Fernando Delgado,&nbsp;Danilo E. Moreta,&nbsp;Nelson Morante,&nbsp;Jorge Ivan Lenis,&nbsp;Johan Steven Aparicio,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Londoño,&nbsp;Sandra Milena Salazar,&nbsp;Thierry Tran,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Ospina,&nbsp;Jorge Luis Luna Melendez,&nbsp;Jhon Larry Moreno Alzate,&nbsp;Hernan Camilo Vargas,&nbsp;Lizbeth Pino Duran,&nbsp;Elvia Amparo Rosero Alpala,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21369","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofortified cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i>) plays a crucial role in enhancing the nutritional value of this essential staple, particularly in regions with limited dietary diversity and prevalent nutritional deficiencies. The cassava program at the International Center of Tropical Agriculture has dedicated over a decade to increase β-carotene content in biofortified cassava, simultaneously focusing on improving yield, dry matter, and plant architecture. This paper presents realized genetic gains in biofortified cassava by analyzing the data from replicated multilocation breeding yield trials at the target population of environments spanning a 10-year period (2013–2022). Following data curation, we observed significant positive genetic gains per year for β-carotene content (7.03%), fresh yield (4.15%), dry matter content (0.55%), and height at the first branch (1.29%). A negative correlation between β-carotene content and dry matter content was observed within 78% of trials. Moreover, our study uncovered a significant negative correlation between β-carotene content and fresh root yield (<i>r</i> = −0.22, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and an unfavorable positive correlation between β-carotene content and the number of branches (<i>r</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Such negative correlations between β-carotene content and farm-preferred traits presented substantial challenges for the development of biofortified cassava varieties. This research showed significant genetic gains and navigated the complexities of biofortified cassava development, providing breeding insights to enhance nutritional value while optimizing agronomic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3242-3258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulated exploration of parameter space and resource allocation for strategic creation of neo-domestication breeding programs","authors":"Nathan Fumia, Rosana Zenil-Ferguson, Marnin Wolfe, Michael Kantar","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21359","url":null,"abstract":"Modern domestication efforts have occurred in a wide range of species. These efforts have led to different levels of change from the initial wild populations and market success. In this study, we explore different breeding cycle parameters to understand the rate of change in different potential starting points of neo-domestication breeding programs. The design of a program that will bring a new crop to market requires consideration of cost efficiency and resource allocation. More crop diversity on the market creates an opportunity to design different types of food systems that can be tailored toward regional and local food security. Stochastic simulation of the rate of gain and variance is applied to different parameter combinations through the breeding cycle—crossing, evaluation, and selection—to identify population level changes along the continuum of wild to semi-domestic plant species. The simulated breeding schemes differ in phenotypic gain and variance depending on selection strategy and population type, discovering the largest phenotypic gain of oligogenic traits occurring using phenotypic recurrent selection for landrace and orphan populations while choosing genomic selection for wild populations. There were also differences based on selection strategy, with maximum avoidance consistently leading to lower gains but higher additive variance. Overall, when looking to domesticate a new species, our simulations find phenotypic recurrent selection to be the most cost-effective option and lead to the most gain in early generations of selection, with marker technology being most useful once initial gains have plateaued.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential physiological and metabolic responses to drought stress and post-stress recovery for annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass","authors":"Sean McBride,&nbsp;Stephanie Rossi,&nbsp;Bingru Huang","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21378","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Annual bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) and creeping bentgrass (<i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> L.) commonly coexist in turfgrass ecosystems but differ in drought tolerance, contributing to uneven turf quality. This study was conducted to examine the physiological and metabolic responses of <i>P. annua</i> and <i>A. stolonifera</i> to drought stress and rewatering and identify major metabolites associated with the interspecific variation in drought tolerance and recovery. Plants grown in controlled-environment chambers were well irrigated (non-stress control) or subjected to drought stress by withholding irrigation for 21 days. For the evaluation of post-stress recovery, drought-stressed plants were rewatered for an additional 21 days. Leaf relative water content, visual turf quality, green canopy cover, and leaf electrolyte leakage were measured weekly. Metabolomic analysis was performed with leaf tissue collected at 21 days of drought stress and 21 days of rewatering. <i>Poa annua</i> demonstrated lower drought tolerance and post-stress recovery compared to <i>A. stolonifera</i> when drought-stressed plants were compared to their respective control across physiological parameters. Metabolomic analysis identified a relatively greater upregulation of sugars and amino acids in <i>A. stolonifera</i> and downregulation of more carbon intermediates and nucleic acids in <i>P. annua</i> in response to drought stress. Upon rewatering, both species had declined sugar content and increased carbon intermediates and nucleic acids. The differential response to drought stress and recovery between <i>A. stolonifera</i> and <i>P. annua</i> could be attributed to a greater accumulation of sugars and amino acids involved in osmotic adjustment during drought stress and their utilization upon rewatering to stimulate post-stress recovery in <i>A. stolonifera</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3594-3607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of drought and heat tolerant tepary beans in a multi-environment trial study","authors":"Santos Barrera,&nbsp;Jorge C. Berny Mier y Teran,&nbsp;Johan Aparicio,&nbsp;Jairo Diaz,&nbsp;Rommel Leon,&nbsp;Steve Beebe,&nbsp;Carlos A. Urrea,&nbsp;Paul Gepts","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abiotic constraints, such as drought and heat driven by climate change, negatively impact the production of the common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.), an essential grain legume worldwide. The ability to tolerate drought and heat stress in common bean can be improved by introducing genetic variation from related species, such as tepary bean (<i>Phaseolus acutifolius</i> A. Gray), which has recently gained attention because of its adaptation to drought and heat stresses and potential use as a genetic resource and alternative crop. To better understand the phenotypic response of tepary bean to drought and heat stress in multiple environments and trials and to select highly adapted tepary beans, we conducted two field experiments. In Experiment 1, we compared the adaptation to drought stress of tepary bean (<i>n</i> = 10), common bean (<i>n</i> = 10), and Lima bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i> L.; <i>n</i> = 9) by assessing the reduction in grain yield under terminal drought compared to well-irrigated conditions in two California locations with arid summer conditions. Of the three species, tepary bean showed the statistically strongest adaptation to terminal drought, followed by Lima bean and common bean. In Experiment 2, we evaluated a set of 22 tepary beans from contrasting origins for drought and heat stresses across multi-environment trials (METs) in California, Nebraska, and Colombia, with common bean as a control. We found a considerable variation in the tepary bean phenotypic response to these MET conditions, as a result of a strong genotype × environment interaction. Also, we identified tepary bean accessions adapted to drought, heat, and well-irrigated conditions across multiple climate zones. Understanding the performance of tepary bean across multiple environments and identifying tepary beans with broad and target-specific adaptation will maximize the potential use of the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3399-3416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating genetic diversity and seed composition stability within Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials","authors":"Elizabeth De Meyer,&nbsp;Elizabeth Prenger,&nbsp;Anser Mahmood,&nbsp;Michelle da Fonseca Santos,&nbsp;Godfree Chigeza,&nbsp;Qijian Song,&nbsp;Learnmore Mwadzingeni,&nbsp;Ronica Mukaro,&nbsp;Mwila Chibanda,&nbsp;Gorden Mabuyaye,&nbsp;Brian Diers,&nbsp;Andrew Scaboo","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21356","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given high animal protein costs, protein deficiency is a prevalent form of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.] can provide a cheaper high-quality protein source and fortify lysine-limited cereal-based diets. Breeding soybean for seed composition in SSA requires understanding genotype by environment interactions (G × E). African breeding programs submit cultivars for evaluation in the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials (PATs), providing the opportunity to examine G × E across diverse environments. With PAT data, we conducted additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot analyses on seed protein and oil content of 17 cultivars grown with two replications in nine environments across Zimbabwe. Across environments, protein ranged from 322.8 to 445.1 g kg⁻¹ and oil ranged from 164.8 to 242.7 g kg⁻¹. For protein AMMI analysis, MAKWACHA performed best for both stability and a combination of stability plus content. For oil AMMI analysis, SC SPIKE performed best for stability and KALEYA performed best for a combination of stability plus content. GGE biplot analyses identified three different mega-environments for protein and oil, with SC EXPT2, KALEYA, and SC EXPT1 having highest protein content and TGX 2002-9FM, LUKANGA, and SC EXPT3 having highest oil content. We also evaluated genetic diversity of 19 PAT cultivars through phylogenetic analyses with 1059 USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) diversity panel accessions. We recommend stable and adaptable PAT cultivars to breeders and producers while highlighting genetically distinct accessions with valuable traits as a resource for breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3272-3292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential genetic gains from targeted recombination versus recurrent selection for maize yield and moisture","authors":"John N. Cameron,&nbsp;Rex Bernardo","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21368","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recurrent selection is a proven method and targeted recombination is a potential method for achieving genetic gain. Our objectives were to determine the (1) equivalency in predicted gains between cycles of recurrent selection and targeted recombination in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), (2) correspondence between targeted-recombination positions when gains from nontargeted chromosomes are considered versus ignored, and (3) trade-offs in predicted gains for yield and moisture in targeted recombination. From genomewide marker effects for 2911 single nucleotide polymorphism loci in 270 biparental populations, we obtained predicted gains from fixed numbers of targeted recombinations and compared these gains to the genotypic-value distributions of doubled haploids obtained from different cycles of simulated recurrent selection. On average, it took three cycles of single-trait recurrent selection to obtain at least a few doubled haploid lines with the same performance achieved with nine or 10 targeted recombinations in Cycle 0. Results indicated that when targeting recombinations across the genome, gains from segregation on nontargeted chromosomes do not need to be considered. Predicted increases in yield were associated with increases in moisture. Given the logistics of pyramiding targeted recombinations and the lack of mature technologies for routine targeted recombination, recurrent selection is currently the preferred approach for accumulating favorable recombinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3231-3241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring traditional and novel spike traits associated with seed retention in perennial ryegrass by integrating 2D and 3D image analysis","authors":"Travis B. Tubbs,&nbsp;Thomas G. Chastain","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21371","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seed shattering is a major economic problem in seed production of perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.). The objective was to identify potential relationships between phenotypic traits and seed retention in a 2-year field trial with 21 diverse global accessions of perennial ryegrass. Accessions were grouped according to level of seed retention. Phenotypic traits examined were growth habit, spike length, curvature of the spike, spikelets per spike, spikelet length, internode length between spikelets, angle of spikelet insertion into the rachis, seeds per spike, and seed weight. Traits were captured and measured by use of novel two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging tools. Among accessions, median seed retention values for the high and low seed retention groups were 61% and 36%, respectively. Four traits were found to significantly impact seed shattering: spike length (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), seed weight (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), seeds per spike (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and internode length between spikelets (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Seed retention was highest in accessions with short spikes. Most of the accessions that had high seed retention also had lower mean seed weight than the commercial plant materials. Accession (PI 231620) had both high levels of seed retention and a mean seed weight that is acceptable in the marketplace. These qualities may be used to improve seed retention in the breeding of perennial ryegrass cultivars. The 2D and 3D imaging methods have applicability in measurement of other plant morphological traits and across a broad range of plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3259-3271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype-by-environment interaction for wheat falling number performance due to late maturity α-amylase","authors":"William Fairlie,&nbsp;David Hughes,&nbsp;Brian Cullis,&nbsp;James Edwards,&nbsp;Haydn Kuchel","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21348","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21348","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) is known to reduce falling number (FN) in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), similar to the effect of preharvest sprouting (PHS) and frost, which can result in grain parcels testing below trading thresholds. Hence, Grains Australia mandates that new Australian wheat cultivars must be at a low risk of LMA expression to receive a milling classification. The multi-environment trial dataset contained 34 environments not affected by PHS or frost and was analyzed using a five-factor analytic linear mixed model. Factor 1 accounted for 71.4% of the genetic variation in FN, factor 2 accounted for 8.8%, factor 3 accounted for 5.7%, factor 4 accounted for 3.5%, and factor 5 accounted for 3.1%. The interaction class (iClass) summary method was used to assist in the characterization of crossover genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E). Poorer FN performance was best observed in the “ppp” iClass, which indicated a minor, but significant, response to crossover G × E. The environment loadings for factor 1 were associated with mild ripening conditions, characterized by fewer days above 28°C, increased rainfall, and increased variation in daily maximum temperature and relative humidity. Factors 2 and 3 were associated with “cool shock” conditions, where the maximum temperature for 1 day was above 24°C followed by at least three consecutive days below 18°C during the grain fill period. This study provides further evidence of the crossover G × E present for FN associated with LMA, poor FN performance in genotypes that express higher levels of LMA, and the environmental conditions that contribute to LMA expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3202-3218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}