Current pharmaceutical design最新文献

{"title":"Yinzhilan Formula Ameliorates Healing Delay in Diabetic Ulcer by Inhibiting PARP1 Activation and Regulating Macrophage Polarization.","authors":"Jiawei Feng, Yiming Ni, Wei Zhang, Min Tang, Shiyu Wang, Jijia Sun, Xiaozhou Han, Mingmei Zhou, Cheng Zhao","doi":"10.2174/0113816128437855260214193425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128437855260214193425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Yinzhilan formula (YZL) is an effective prescription for diabetic ulcers (DU) with clinical efficacy. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of YZL in ameliorating the healing delay of DU through network pharmacology and experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Network pharmacology integrated with bioinformatics to screen the chemical composition of YZL, as well as its protein targets and disease targets. A mouse model of DU was established, and the efficacy of YZL was evaluated according to ulcer size and histopathological examination. The levels of inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA, and the changes in macrophage polarization were detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology identified 291 potential targets in YZL, which synergistically targeted PARP1 and STAT3 to exert their role in promoting wound healing. In vivo experiments showed that YZL accelerated wound closure, regulated the levels of inflammatory factors and macrophage polarization, and suppressed the mRNA and protein expression levels of PARP1 and STAT3.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Bioinformatics studies suggested that HSP90AA1, IL6, PARP1, and STAT3 may be potential targets of YZL in the treatment of DU. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that macrophages may be related to the mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>YZL may accelerate DU healing by inhibiting PARP1 and STAT3 and reprogramming macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Aida Bakhshi, Mahdieh Akbari, Faezeh Maleki, Hamid Fiuji, Alireza Fathi, Ibrahim Saeed Gataa, Majid Rajabian, Masoumeh Gharib, Seyed Hamid Naderi, Amir Avan","doi":"10.2174/0113816128422676260219073220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128422676260219073220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition that can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. While liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, its invasiveness and cost limit its routine use. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning and deep learning, have created opportunities for accurate, non-invasive, and scalable assessment of NAFLD and related fibrosis. This narrative review summarizes recent studies applying image-based AI techniques, including convolutional and recurrent neural networks, as well as multimodal models combining imaging and clinical data. These approaches enhance the detection and grading of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, improve diagnostic accuracy compared with conventional imaging or scoring systems, and enable standardized, cost-effective workflows using widely available modalities such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Challenges remain, including the need for large, well-annotated datasets, interpretability of deep learning models, and mitigation of algorithmic bias. Despite these limitations, AI-assisted imaging holds substantial promise for earlier diagnosis, risk stratification, and personalized patient monitoring for NAFLD. Successful translation into clinical practice will require multidisciplinary collaboration, robust validation across diverse populations, and careful attention to ethical considerations such as data privacy and fairness that ultimately support improved patient outcomes and more efficient management of liver disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Liposomes to Leapfrogs: The New Era of Anthracycline Nanocarriers.","authors":"Syed Tasqeeruddin, Deepak Arun Annamalai, Gaurav Sanghvi, Aashna Sinha, Rangaswamy Roopashree, Aman Shankhyan, Swati Mishra, Munther Kadhim Abosaoda, Kamal Kant Joshi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128422298260211072521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128422298260211072521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthracyclines are potent therapeutic agents widely used in cancer treatment and other medical applications, including infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders. However, their clinical utility is often restricted by severe systemic toxicity, poor biodistribution, and the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). To address these limitations, nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems have been developed to improve therapeutic selectivity and safety. Among them, liposomal formulations have achieved the highest level of clinical translation. FDA-approved liposomal anthracyclines such as Doxil® (doxorubicin), DaunoXome® (daunorubicin), and Vyxeos® (daunorubicin-cytarabine) have demonstrated enhanced pharmacokinetics, reduced cardiotoxicity, and improved therapeutic outcomes compared with conventional formulations. Beyond liposomes, alternative and emerging nanocarriers, including polymeric nanoparticles, micellar systems, dendrimeric carriers, and hybrid lipid-polymer constructs, are being explored to achieve higher drug loading, controlled release, and targeted tissue penetration. These formulations also show promise for antimicrobial and immunomodulatory therapies. Nevertheless, key challenges such as safety concerns, large-scale production, and regulatory barriers continue to impede broad clinical adoption. This review provides a comprehensive overview of liposomal and alternative nanoformulations for anthracyclines, discussing their advantages, limitations, and clinical potential while addressing the key challenges that must be overcome for their successful translation into widespread medical use, while also highlighting emerging biohybrid, extracellular vesicle-based, and stimuli-responsive systems that represent leapfrogging innovations in anthracycline delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Psoriasis Therapy: Cutting-Edge Nanocarrier Systems, Formulation Strategies, and Future Horizons.","authors":"Satyam Khare, Akash Vikal, Rashmi Maurya, Nitin Singh, Charanjeet Singh, Preeti Patel, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128398601251127104329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128398601251127104329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and excessive inflammation, resulting in erythema, scaling, and thickening of the epidermis. Traditional topical and systemic therapies are limited by inadequate skin penetration, systemic toxicity, and poor drug bioavailability. Over the past decade, nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and ethosomes, have emerged as promising approaches to overcome these challenges. These nanocarriers enhance drug stability, prolong release, and enable targeted delivery to psoriatic lesions, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. This review highlights recent progress in nanocarrier-based formulations for treating psoriasis, with emphasis on their mechanistic advantages, formulation strategies, and therapeutic outcomes. Liposomes and ethosomes promote drug permeation across the skin, whereas SLNs and PNPs offer improved drug retention and controlled release. Recent studies demonstrate that nanocarriers can efficiently encapsulate corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and anti-inflammatory agents, leading to better clinical results. Despite these advancements, challenges, such as low drug-loading capacity, stability issues, and difficulties in large-scale production, remain. Future research should focus on stimulus-responsive nanocarriers, surface-functionalized delivery systems, and AI-based optimization to advance precision medicine strategies. With ongoing innovation, nanotechnology holds significant potential to transform psoriasis management by enabling safer, more effective, and patient-friendly treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomedicine-Based Approaches for Therapeutic Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Neurological Disorders.","authors":"Anuj Garg, Khusboo Lavania, Rabinarayan Parhi, Gireesh Kumar Singh, Javed Ahmad, Ankit Jain","doi":"10.2174/0113816128412258251127103243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128412258251127103243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapeutic delivery to the Central Nervous System (CNS) is challenging for formulation scientists due to the transfer of therapeutics across the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). The BBB consists of a selective semi-permeable anatomical structure of the capillary basement membrane, capillary endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. It restricts the drug transfer from the blood compartment to the brain tissues. Therefore, the desirable effects of various therapeutics in different CNS disorders (like Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, etc.) require the transfer of drugs across the BBB. Hence, various approaches have been explored for deeper penetration of CNS-acting drugs across the BBB. Among various formulation approaches, Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) utilizing colloidal carrier systems are one of the most promising strategies to overcome BBB limitations and achieve brain targeting in different CNS disorders. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of drug delivery challenges across the BBB and technology advancements utilized to achieve improved therapeutic efficacy in different CNS disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysaccharide-Based Nanocarriers: Innovative Platforms for Enhanced Vaccine Delivery and Improved Immune Response Stimulation.","authors":"Abhishek Chauhan, Rohit Sharma, Rahul Sharma, Mohit Kumar, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Omar Awad Alsaidan, Sami I Alzarea, Ankit Awasthi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128441367260125063430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128441367260125063430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights the emerging role of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers in enhancing vaccine delivery and immune responses. It examines how these nanocarriers address key challenges in vaccine development, including antigen instability and suboptimal immune activation. Polysaccharide nanocarriers offer distinct advantages: improved antigen stability, controlled release, targeted delivery, stimulation of both humoral and cellular immunity, and excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Various types are discussed, such as chitosan and its derivatives (carboxylated and quaternized), mannose-based, glucan-based, and inulin-based adjuvants. The review also explores polysaccharides from Chinese medicinal herbs-like lentinan, astragalus, and angelica polysaccharides, for their adjuvant and delivery properties. Case studies demonstrate how these systems enhance immune responses across different vaccines. The authors suggest that polysaccharide nanocarriers could enable next-generation vaccination strategies that are more effective, stable, and safer than current adjuvants. However, they stress the need for further optimization, mechanistic understanding, and clinical validation before widespread adoption. In conclusion, polysaccharide nanocarriers show great promise as innovative platforms for vaccine delivery and immunomodulation, but additional research is essential to fully realize their potential in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diosgenin Alleviates Inflammation in the Colon and Hippocampus and Partly Attenuates Comorbid Autistic-like Behaviors in Experimental Colitis in Mice.","authors":"Ali Arami, Zahra Lorigooini, Hourivash Ghaderi, Ali Noori, Maryam Anjomshoa, Hossein Amini-Khoei","doi":"10.2174/0113816128425033260127191119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128425033260127191119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is comorbid with behavioral disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. Diosgenin has pharmacological properties. We aimed to assess the potential properties of diosgenin in mitigating comorbid autistic-like behaviors with colitis in mice, focusing on its probable effects on the neuroinflammatory response in the hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Colitis was induced using acetic acid. Forty male mice were divided into five groups and treated intraperitoneally for seven continuous days with 0.9% saline containing Tween 20 at a concentration of 2% (10 ml/kg) or diosgenin (25, 50, and 100 mg/ kg). Behavioral tests, including sociability and social preference indexes, passive avoidance memory, and aggressive-like behaviors, were assessed. Then, the colon and hippocampus were dissected out. A microscopic evaluation of the colon was done. RT-PCR measured TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NLRP3 gene expression in the hippocampus and colon.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Colitis is associated with histopathological alterations in the colon and an increase in the gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the colon. Colitis reduced sociability and social preference indexes, impaired passive avoidance memory, and increased aggressive-like behaviors. These behaviors are accompanied by increased gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus. Diosgenin mitigated the negative effects of colitis on the hippocampus and colon.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Diosgenin attenuated inflammatory responses in the colon, autistic-like behaviors, and expression of genes relevant to neuroinflammation in the hippocampus following colitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diosgenin likely alleviated autistic-like behaviors following colitis, possibly through the reduction of inflammatory gene expressions in the hippocampus.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in 6D Printing and Future Prospects for Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Atreyee Sarkar, Rajeev Ranjan, Rishi Chhabra, Ravi Raj Pal","doi":"10.2174/0113816128479651260423154720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128479651260423154720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A significant advancement in additive manufacturing, the switch from 3D to 6D printing opens up new avenues for biomedical innovation. Traditional 3D printing makes simple models, but it cannot precisely create very complicated shapes that are needed for advanced medical devices. Even if later developments, such as 5D printing with multi-axis fabrication and 4D printing with stimulus-responsive materials, have increased structural strength and design flexibility, they are still unable to produce completely autonomous, patient- responsive systems. Multi-axis construction and intelligent, reprogrammable materials that can sense, react, and adjust to physiological stimuli like pH, temperature, enzymes, and mechanical stresses are novelly combined in 6D printing. Owing to its special capabilities, positioned as a game-changing technology for next-generation biomedical devices, enabling dynamic drug delivery platforms, adaptive prosthetics, and selfhealing orthopedic systems that exceed previous manufacturing techniques. With limitations such as a lack of multi-responsive materials, difficulties in producing it on a large scale, and complicated regulations, it is prevented from being widely used. This article explores novel applications of 6D printing, along with its technological merits over 3D-5D methods, and provides insights towards the development of bio-hybrid, effective, and clinically relevant outcomes in the biomedical field, including regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-GRP78 Nanobody Effect on the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome in Mice Model.","authors":"Gholamreza Farnoosh, Ramezan Ali Taheri, Hossein Aghamollaei","doi":"10.2174/0113816128433441260129102656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128433441260129102656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This investigation was designed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of a novel anti- GRP78 nanobody in the treatment of dry eye syndrome (DES) in a murine model. The focus was on the nanobody's anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to increase tear production.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Topical atropine sulfate was implemented to induce DES in BALB/c rodents. Subsequently, mice were administered betamethasone (as a positive control), the purified anti-GRP78 nanobody, or a vehicle. The Schirmer tear test, ELISA, and qRT-PCR were implemented to quantify corneal inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6), as well as a histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with the anti-GRP78 nanobody meaningfully improved tear production and reduced levels of key inflammatory cytokines in corneal tissues. Histopathological analysis demonstrated noticeably reduced corneal epithelial damage and inflammatory cell infiltration, with efficacy comparable to betamethasone.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings proposed that targeting GRP78 effectively mitigates DES pathology, presumably by preventing the inflammatory cascade. The nanobody's effectiveness, comparable to a conventional corticosteroid, combined with its potential for enhanced tissue penetration and minimal immunogenicity, underscores its potential as an innovative biologic therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The anti-GRP78 nanobody shows a lot of promise as a treatment for DES because it increases tear production and lowers corneal inflammation. In this term, more research is needed to see how it can be used in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qishen Yiqi Formula Mitigates Heart Failure by Restoring Myocardial Energy Metabolism via AMPK: Insights from Multi-Omics Analysis.","authors":"Yuting Wang, Tong Nie, Xinting Chen, Xinyu He, Lan Li, Xiaodan Wang, Yuting Huang, Guanwei Fan, Jingyu Ni","doi":"10.2174/0113816128425280251112150246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128425280251112150246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heart failure (HF), a life-threatening syndrome with complex pathogenesis, is closely linked to myocardial metabolic remodeling, the critical driver of cardiac dysfunction. Optimizing myocardial energy metabolism represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Qishenyiqi formula (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese herbal compound, demonstrates cardioprotective effects, but its mechanisms in modulating substrate utilization and metabolic remodeling in transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced HF remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of QSYQ in TACinduced HF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TAC-induced HF mice were treated with QSYQ (1170 or 585 mg/kg) or vehicle for four weeks. Cardiac function was assessed through echocardiography, hemodynamic measurements, histopathology, fibrosis analysis, and heart failure biomarkers (ANP and BNP). Mitochondrial ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, while mitochondrial function was quantified by measuring ATP levels, reactive oxygen species, and membrane potential. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analyses were performed to identify metabolic pathways, which were subsequently validated by molecular assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QSYQ attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in TAC mice, improving ejection fraction and hemodynamics. It restored mitochondrial integrity and function, evidenced by normalized ultrastructure, increased ATP synthesis, reduced ROS, and stabilized membrane potential. Multi-omics integration revealed QSYQ's regulation of myocardial glucose and fatty acid metabolism mediated through AMPK and downstream targets PPARα and PGC-1α.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings position QSYQ as a promising therapeutic candidate that targets core metabolic disturbances in HF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QSYQ mitigates TAC-induced HF by improving mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolic remodeling through the AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α pathway, supporting its potential as a metabolic therapy for HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}