Current pharmaceutical design最新文献

{"title":"Steatotic Shadows: The Dark Link Between Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Cancer Risk.","authors":"Shakta Mani Satyam, Mohamed El-Tanani, Syed Arman Rabbani, Alaa A Aljabali, Yahia El-Tanani, Dimitrios Patoulias, Manfredi Rizzo","doi":"10.2174/0113816128366825250307043756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128366825250307043756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has become a worldwide health crisis. In addition to its effects on liver function, MASLD intensely increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and a number of extrahepatic cancers, including breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. This review explores the complex network of molecular pathways linking MASLD to cancer, emphasizing the involvement of oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Genetic variations in important genes, including PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and MBOAT7, increase this risk by hastening the course of the disease and making a person more susceptible to cancer. By shedding light on these important pathways and genetic factors, this research not only advances knowledge of the relationship between MASLD and cancer but also opens the door for novel treatment approaches meant to reduce the risk of cancer in MASLD patients. Millions of people afflicted by this deadly but silent illness may benefit from novel therapies that target these fundamental systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermoscopic Aspects of Cutaneous Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer.","authors":"Gabriela Fortes Escobar, Lucas Samuel Perinazzo Pauvels, Renato Marchiori Bakos","doi":"10.2174/0113816128341374250310055950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128341374250310055950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermoscopy is a very important diagnostic tool in clinical practice. It increases accuracy in skin cancer detection. Melanoma and its major variants have distinct dermoscopic patterns and structures described as well as cutaneous keratynocytic tumors such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. Superficial spreading melanoma may show dermoscopic structures varying from atypical network, atypical hyperpigmentation, atypical globules and dots, and atypical streaks to negative network; lentigo maligna lesions demonstrate dermoscopic structures associated with the tumour progression around follicular openings; nodular lesions may be suspected mainly by colors (pink or blue and black) and the recognition of peculiar patterns such as the parallel ridge pattern may facilitate vascular structures and acral lentiginous. The histopathologic subtype of BCC is an important determinant of the dermoscopic pattern of the tumor, being the vascular strucutures a significant clue for its diagnosis. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma may also be differentiated from in situ lesions by clinical and dermoscopic aspects such as vascular and hyperkeratotic structures. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the major dermoscopic patterns and structures described for the diagnosis of major melanoma variants and for cutaneous carcinomas. It also gives some insights about sequential digital imaging for patients with multiple melanocytic nevi.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Biopsy for Medical Imaging Analysis in Cancer Diagnosis.","authors":"Yumna Khan, Rabab Fatima, Amna Khan, Liming Zhang, Ajay Singh Bisht, Md Sadique Hussain","doi":"10.2174/0113816128371883250310174153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128371883250310174153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The detection of cancer remains a significant challenge due to limitations of current screening approaches, where usually several procedures and imprecise information are required. Liquid biopsy has emerged as an appealing method that makes it unnecessary to use invasive procedures. It depicts the biology of tumors at first sight based on circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and exosomes in the blood of the patient. This paper provides a review of the likelihood of the integration of liquid biopsy with medical imaging methods, such as MRI, CT, PET, and ultrasound, to enhance the accuracy of tumor identification. We expand on how liquid biopsy might improve healthcare imaging by defining tumor characterization more accurately and precisely, avoiding false positive and negative values, and providing genetic integration information that is often useful when interpreting imaging scans. Case examples are employed to demonstrate the seamless combination of liquid biopsy data with imaging outcomes, which can help expand the understanding of cancer pathophysiology and treatment sensitivity. However, artificial intelligence and machine learning should be used to support the execution of this supposed synergistically integrated strategy. The article also explains the problems concerning the integration of these two diagnostic methods and stresses the importance of standardizing the procedures and cooperation between the disciplines. This aggregation could result in earlier detection, improved monitoring, as well as individual approaches to cancer patients, hence leading to a significant increase in positive clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QbD-Anchored Preparation and Assessment of Transethosomal Gel for Enhanced Skin Permeation of Tamoxifen Citrate.","authors":"Preeti S Bobade, Ayush S Mishra, Saurabh B Ganorkar, Darshan R Telange, Shailesh S Chalikwar","doi":"10.2174/0113816128344198250308022732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128344198250308022732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tamoxifen citrate (TMC), an antiestrogenic drug, is employed in the healing of advanced breast cancer. However, its oral and parenteral route-associated side effects and solubility issues restricted its medical utilization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research aimed to prepare a tamoxifen citrate-loaded transethosomal gel (TMC TEsG) to enhance TMC entrapment efficiency, in vitro dissolution, and ex vivo permeation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TMC TEs were developed employing an HPH method and optimized using 23 factorial designs. The optimized TMC TEs were converted into TMC TEsG by cold dispersion. TMC TEs and TMC TEsG were estimated for particle size, microscopic, functional group interaction, crystalline, in vitro dissolution, ex vivo permeation, spreadability, TMC content, and texture analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimization study revealed the suitability and validity of 23 designs for developing TMC TE. TMC TEs with particle size ~163.1 nm and zeta potential of ~-26.8 mV improved the physical stability and skin permeation. TMC TEs showed a high entrapment efficiency of ~84.49%. TEM depicts spherical and sealed structure vesicles of TMC TEs. Physical analysis supported the formation of TMC TEs. Vesicles improved the dissolution (~96%) compared to pure TMC (~68%). The TMC TEsG increased the permeation (~82%) compared to TMC gel (~55%). TMC TEsG with pH (~5.61), viscosity (~4077.5 cps), and spreadability (~49.84 g.cm/s) exhibiting safety and easy applicability to the skin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outcomes suggest the transdermal permeation potential of design-generated flexible TMC TEs and, thus, could be employed to treat skin-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment with Punica granatum var. pleniflora Inhibits Postoperative Adhesion Formation in a Rat Uterine Horn Adhesion Model.","authors":"Mehrdad Moetamani-Ahmadi, Seyedeh Elnaz Nazari, Fereshteh Asgharzadeh, Nima Zafari, Mahla Velayati, Hamed Akbarzade, Maryam Alaei, Zhara Negahbanzaferanloo, Elmira Lagzian, Ibrahim Saeed Gataa, Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, Gordon A Ferns, Majid Khazaei, Amir Avan","doi":"10.2174/0113816128337474250311074502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128337474250311074502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite recent advances in surgical procedures, postoperative peritoneal adhesions are common following major abdominopelvic surgery. Here, the therapeutic potential of Punica granatum var. pleniflora (PGP) on postoperative peritoneal adhesions has been explored in a rat uterine horn adhesion model.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen Albino Wistar female rats were divided into three groups: control group, sham, and treatment group receiving 400 mg/kg/day PGP orally for ten days. An identical surgical technique was employed to induce adhesion of the uterine horn in both the control and treatment groups. At the end of the experiments, all rats were re-operated for evaluation of adhesion. The macroscopic evaluation and fibrotic bands scaling were conducted and inflammation and fibrosis were assessed and graded, microscopically. Additionally, the effect of PGP on inflammation and fibrosis was assessed via PCR, ELISA, and histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PGP could significantly reduce the peritoneal adhesion score (treatment group vs. control group; P<0.001). Histopathological analysis indicated that PGP prevented adhesion formation by suppressing inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, inflammatory and fibrosis biomarkers were decreased following PGP treatment. Furthermore, rats in the treatment group had significantly lower oxidative stress markers in adhesion tissues when compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral PGP was associated with reduced peritoneal adhesion formation in rats, postoperatively. This therapy might be an effective and safe strategy for preventing intraperitoneal adhesion after abdominopelvic surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRNDE, a Potential Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases.","authors":"Shiyun Zeng, Yao Xie, Yulan Shi, Fenghua Qu, Xinchen Wang, Yuting Liu, Qingqing Li, Houdong Li, Chengfu Yuan","doi":"10.2174/0113816128339697250306072647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128339697250306072647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules exceeding 200 nucleotides in length with minimal or no protein-coding potential. However, a large number of lncRNAs have been discovered as research has progressed, and the traditional view of these noncoding RNAs does not appear to be entirely correct. Recent research has also unveiled their significant roles in various biological processes, spotlighting lncRNAs' importance. The oncogenic lncRNA, Colorectal tumor Differentially Expressed (CRNDE), is prominently studied in cancer contexts. One study found that the modulation of CRNDE expression led to an improvement in the median survival of cancer patients, extending it from 19.2 months to 32.5 months. Nonetheless, CRNDE also exhibits deregulated expression in non-malignant diseases, influencing their pathologies and serving as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. For example, in the context of COVID-19, with CRNDE serving as a diagnostic indicator, its diagnostic accuracy attains a value as high as 0.889. This review examines CRNDE's expression in specific human diseases, including non-cancerous and cancerous conditions, its impact on disease progression, the underlying mechanisms, and recent therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Progress of Immune Cells-induced Inflammatory Response in Gout.","authors":"Jing Liu, Ge Liu, Teng Chu, Yue Wu, Lele Zixin Yang, Weirong Fang","doi":"10.2174/0113816128369016250306050522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128369016250306050522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gout, based on hyperuricemia, is an immune disease characterized by redness and pain caused by monosodium urate (MSU) deposition in the joints. Inflammation is the fundamental cause of gout symptoms, and many immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes, have been shown to be involved in various processes of pathological progress. This study reviews the changes and functions of different immune cells during the occurrence and development of gout, focusing on the mechanisms and signaling pathways by which macrophages activate nod-like receptor pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome to initiate gout inflammation in order to further elucidate the pathogenesis of gout and provide new targets for the research of anti-gout drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mini-Review on the Symptoms and Pathogenesis of Psoriasis and Recent Nanotechnological Developments in its Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Harshita Mathur, Sadiya Halima, Rekha Gujjar, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128352043250303073450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128352043250303073450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic illness that is common and incurable. In psoriasis, skin cells proliferate more quickly than normal cells, suggesting a possible immune system connection. The topical treatment of psoriasis is best when applied in combination with anti-inflammatory medications; however, the lack of an appropriate delivery method limits the drugs' ability to be delivered. Due to several problems, including adverse reactions and problems with penetration, the current oral and topical treatments for psoriasis fall short of meeting the need for an optimal drug delivery method. None of them, however, can completely treat the illness safely and effectively without jeopardizing patient adherence. ILC3 typically contains retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) in its nucleus. Its development occurs when stimulated by IL-23 and IL-7, leading to the production of IL-22 and IL-17. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems are implicated in the recent, substantial advancements in genetics and molecular biology that have improved our understanding of PsA pathogenesis. Evidence-based targeted therapy has been introduced as a result, mostly using drugs known as tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. Because of their high ethanol concentration, etheromethanes provide more effective and improved bioavailability compared to previous dosing formulations. The principles, preparation process, most recent developments, and applications of ethosomes, however, are not well described in a systematic study. Size, shape, drug content, zeta potential, and other characteristics are examples of ethosome characteristics. Esthosomes are created using four distinct methods, including thin-film hydration, the cold method, the hot method, and the reverse-phase evaporation method. All the information presented in this article was gathered from diverse sources, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and various online platforms, like WHO, Globacon, and others.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Evodia rutaecarpa in Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach.","authors":"Md Imran Hasan, Kh Mujahidul Islam, Md Nahid Hasan, Md Mizanur Rahman, Md Habibur Rahman, Seungjoon Moon, Moon Nyeo Park, Han Na Kang, Bonglee Kim","doi":"10.2174/0113816128356225250305081937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128356225250305081937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a formidable challenge in cancer, which requires innovative approaches to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Evodia rutaecarpa, a traditional herbal remedy known for its analgesic and antiemetic properties, has been reported to exhibit anticancer effects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We employed network pharmacology to elucidate the bioactive ingredients of Evodia rutaecarpa and their potential targets in the context of early-onset pancreatic cancer. By integrating data from public databases, we identified genes associated with PC and developed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Topological analysis of the PPI network facilitated the identification of core targets, which were subsequently subjected to molecular docking with corresponding bioactive ingredients of Evodia rutaecarpa. The computational approach aimed to unveil the pharmacological mechanisms of basic putative crucial proteins and associated pathways implicated in early-onset PC. Pathway and GO analysis highlighted the significant involvement of Evodia rutaecarpa in pathways such as cAMP signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, rheumatoid arthritis, interleukin signaling, bladder cancer, IL-17, IL-24 signaling, cytokine-mediated signaling, chemokine, and calcium-mediated signaling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Further exploration focused on a hub protein module derived from PPIs, with molecular docking emphasizing strong binding interactions between Evodia rutaecarpa and ERBB2, a protein strongly implicated in PC management compared to other identified hub proteins (STAT1, ERBB2, CXCL10, INS, RACK1, FOS, HLA-DRB1, POMC, PRKAA1). Additionally, the pharmacokinetic analysis of Evodia rutaecarpa indicated its efficacy as a therapeutic agent with minimal adverse effects. Rutaecarpine, identified as the main bioactive ingredient, emerged as a potential inhibitor of PC growth through the suppression of ERBB2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These outcomes provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of PC, presenting Evodia rutaecarpa as a promising candidate for further experimental validation and clinical exploration. The identified discovery has the potential to reduce the drug resistance of Evodia rutaecarpa by engaging with a new target in a specific manner, thus improving therapeutic effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qizhi Kebitong Formula Ameliorates Sciatic Nerve Injury in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Mice through PERK/ATF4/CHOP Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Honghai Yu, Cunqing Yang, Guoqiang Wang, Jiao Lv, Xiangyan Li, Wenxiu Qi, Xiuge Wang","doi":"10.2174/0113816128362557250314054528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128362557250314054528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Qizhi Kebitong formula (QKF) has been utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remedy for over two decades in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) with notable clinical efficacy. However, its precise mechanism and bioactive constituents remain elusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS) analysis was used to identify the primary components of QKF. Nerve conduction function in mice was assessed by measuring sensory thresholds and nerve conduction velocities. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) was used to examine the effect of QKF on foot pads and perineural blood flow in mice. Additionally, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and various pathologic stains were utilized to observe QKF's therapeutic effect on sciatic nerve (SN) damage in DPN mice. The impact of QKF on the pathological mechanism of the DPN model was explored through qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that QKF improved phenotypic features in a mouse model of DPN, increased blood flow around the foot pad and SN, and somewhat repaired the pathological structure and function of SN. Furthermore, the study revealed that QKF slowed down the progression of DPN by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress apoptosis signaling pathway mediated by PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant neuroprotective effects of QKF in experimental DPN mice were confirmed by our findings, which offer important scientific evidence supporting its potential utilization in DPN treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}