Current Nutrition Reports最新文献

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The Association between Food Insecurity and Academic Performance among Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review. 粮食不安全与高等教育学生学习成绩之间的关系:一项系统综述。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00744-6
Prosper M Galseku, Gregory S Keenan, Leo Stevenson, Rosanna Cousins, Jamie Lingwood, Hannah Dixon, Lorna Bourke
{"title":"The Association between Food Insecurity and Academic Performance among Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Prosper M Galseku, Gregory S Keenan, Leo Stevenson, Rosanna Cousins, Jamie Lingwood, Hannah Dixon, Lorna Bourke","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00744-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Food insecurity is a concern in Higher Education globally, negatively impacting academic performance, and limiting the potential and aspirations of vulnerable groups of students. Previous reviews have focused primarily on the prevalence of food insecurity in high-income countries. The current review aimed to provide a cross-national synthesis of quantitative evidence of the association between food insecurity and academic performance among students aged 18 years and older. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases was conducted for published peer-reviewed articles up to May 31, 2025. The Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools were used to provide a quality assessment of the studies, and evidence synthesis was achieved by a vote-counting approach. RECENT FINDINGS: Forty-seven studies were included; the majority were cross-sectional (N = 46) and conducted in the United States of America (USA) (N = 37). The overall weighted mean prevalence of food insecurity among higher education students across the studies was 44.03%. Evidence of a negative association between food insecurity and academic performance was reported in 43 studies (91.5%), comprising 42 cross-sectional and one longitudinal study (N = 176,947) (USA, Canada, Nigeria, Malaysia, Australia, Iceland & Jordan). The remaining four cross-sectional studies found no significant association between food insecurity and academic performance (USA, Mexico, Saudi Arabia). The relatively high prevalence rate reported, the potential setbacks to academic success, and the inconsistencies observed within and across countries suggest that more prospective and comparative studies are needed to elucidate the driving mechanisms of this relationship. This will inform the development of effective, socio-culturally sensitive interventions. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insulin Resistance as a Shared Pathophysiological Driver in Neurological Disorders: a Narrative Review. 胰岛素抵抗是神经系统疾病的共同病理生理驱动因素:叙述性综述。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00743-7
Aslıhan Atar, İrem Nur Şahin Anılgan
{"title":"Insulin Resistance as a Shared Pathophysiological Driver in Neurological Disorders: a Narrative Review.","authors":"Aslıhan Atar, İrem Nur Şahin Anılgan","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00743-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00743-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Insulin resistance has traditionally been viewed as a peripheral metabolic abnormality; however, accumulating evidence indicates that impaired insulin signaling within the central nervous system plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple neurological disorders. The purpose of this narrative review is to synthesize current evidence supporting insulin resistance as a shared pathophysiological driver across neurodegenerative, neurological, and neuropsychiatric conditions, and to evaluate the potential of nutrition- and metabolism-based interventions as modulatory strategies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent human and experimental studies demonstrate that central insulin resistance disrupts brain energy metabolism, promotes neuroinflammation, impairs synaptic plasticity, and alters neuronal network stability. These mechanisms contribute to disease onset and progression in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and mood disorders. Advances in neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and molecular profiling have strengthened the link between impaired insulin signaling and cognitive, behavioral, and affective dysfunction. In parallel, emerging evidence suggests that dietary patterns, energy restriction, ketogenesis, and lifestyle interventions can partially restore insulin sensitivity, improve metabolic flexibility, and mitigate neurobiological vulnerability. Insulin resistance should be regarded not merely as a comorbid metabolic condition, but as an active disease-modifying factor in a broad spectrum of neurological disorders. Targeting insulin signaling pathways through personalized nutritional and metabolic interventions represents a promising, modifiable strategy for prevention and adjunctive management. Future research integrating metabolic phenotyping with neurological outcomes will be essential to translate these insights into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Husks and Seeds to Health: an Inevitable Outcome Rather than a Fluke. 从果皮和种子到健康:不可避免的结果而不是侥幸。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-025-00722-4
Nevin Sanlier, Ebru Ozler
{"title":"From Husks and Seeds to Health: an Inevitable Outcome Rather than a Fluke.","authors":"Nevin Sanlier, Ebru Ozler","doi":"10.1007/s13668-025-00722-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-025-00722-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review was conducted to examine the promising health benefits of psyllium, its therapeutic potential in relation to various chronic diseases, its mechanisms, and its possible side effects or toxicity; to explore its applications in food systems; to identify the positive and negative effects of its consumption; and to provide perspectives for future research and development efforts for psyllium.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Psyllium, also known as ispaghula, is a dietary fiber obtained from the shells of Plantago ovata seeds. The most abundant monosaccharides in its composition are xylose and arabinose. Psyllium is a natural alternative to the use of food additives such as gum and hydrocolloid to increase the fiber content in fortified foods. Psyllium may have therapeutic effects on various diseases. In recent years, its potential in the management of conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and liver disease has been emphasized and multifaceted therapeutic applications have been introduced. Psyllium may help to regulate blood glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It may also increase feelings of fullness and reduce food intake. Furthermore, psyllium may promote bowel regularity and improve the composition of gut microbiota. Psyllium has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as reducing inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and nitric oxide. Furthermore, psyllium has been associated with lower creatinine and uric acid levels, as well as a reduced risk of carcinogenesis. Studies in the literature support the therapeutic effects of psyllium. However, longer-term clinical trials are needed to determine the effective dose and duration of use. Innovative product development studies should be conducted to enhance the functional benefits of psyllium in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12935724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147303228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Gut-Brain Axis in Obesity: Mechanisms, Development, and Therapeutic Perspectives. 肥胖的肠脑轴:机制、发展和治疗观点。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00732-w
Laura Arellano-García, María P Portillo, Anna Hadjihambi, J Alfredo Martínez, Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
{"title":"The Gut-Brain Axis in Obesity: Mechanisms, Development, and Therapeutic Perspectives.","authors":"Laura Arellano-García, María P Portillo, Anna Hadjihambi, J Alfredo Martínez, Iñaki Milton-Laskibar","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00732-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00732-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review analyses the implication of obesity-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis, as well as the associated impairments in gut-brain axis communication, in the onset and development of this chronic metabolic disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Gut microbiota dysbiosis, which is a common feature in individuals with obesity, is considered among the factors leading to its development. In fact, dietary habits not only modulate the composition of gut microbiota, but also the release of microbe-derived metabolites such as SCFAs, which in turn participate in the gut-brain axis communication. Interestingly, the approaches often used for obesity management, including lifestyle modification-based interventions, pharmacotherapy or the usage of bioactives (such as phenolic compounds or probiotics) have also been shown to restore the impairments in gut-brain axis communication associated to this disease. In this regard, the recovery of gut microbiota eubiosis and improvement of the intestinal barrier function, as well as the modulation of microbial metabolite production, have been described as potential underlying mechanisms of action. The review highlights the importance of the gut-brain axis in obesity, both in the development as well as the management of this chronic metabolic disease. However, further research is warranted in order to corroborate the current findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms underlying this complex signalling network. Doing so, valuable information that will pave the way for the development of more specific and effective obesity treatments may be obtained. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12946278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social Media as a Double-Edged Sword in Sports Nutrition Dissemination: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pathways Forward. 社交媒体作为运动营养传播的双刃剑:机遇、挑战与前进之路
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00735-7
Huanran Wang, Guangzhao Guo, Mingzhe Yang, Shuhui Jiang, Weixin Yang, Yi Zhao
{"title":"Social Media as a Double-Edged Sword in Sports Nutrition Dissemination: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pathways Forward.","authors":"Huanran Wang, Guangzhao Guo, Mingzhe Yang, Shuhui Jiang, Weixin Yang, Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00735-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00735-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review systematically explores the role, current trends, challenges, and future directions of social media in disseminating sports nutrition knowledge. It examines the distinct characteristics of various social media platforms and their impact on users’ health behaviors, athletic performance, and nutritional management. RECENT FINDINGS: Social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, Bilibili, YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram have become essential channels for influencing users’ health behaviors through diverse content formats and personalized engagement. Long-form platforms (e.g., Bilibili, YouTube) are particularly effective in conveying systematic, educational content, while short-form platforms (e.g., TikTok, Instagram) excel at promoting emerging health trends and fostering engagement through bite-sized information. However, the lack of professional review and quality control on these platforms contributed to the spread of misinformation, leading to potentially harmful practices such as improper dietary adjustments and supplement misuse. The evidence underscores the importance of collaboration between academic institutions and social media platforms to ensure the dissemination of scientifically accurate and practical sports nutrition knowledge. The review also highlights the potential of data-driven, personalized recommendation systems to enhance user experience and improve the precision of nutritional interventions. Future research should focus on developing collaborative frameworks and data-driven strategies tailored to individual needs, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners to effectively leverage social media in promoting sports nutrition education and building an efficient health communication system. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psyllium Husk: A Comprehensive Review of its Functional Properties, Health Benefits, Mechanisms of Action, and Potential Adverse Effects. 车前草壳:其功能特性、健康益处、作用机制和潜在不良影响的综合综述。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-025-00727-z
Akash Kumar, Riya Patel, Sangeeta Yadav, Bhupendra Prajapati, Simple Sharma, Kajol Batta, Rekha Kaushik, Shiv Kumar, Kiran Dudhat, Sarvesh Rustagi
{"title":"Psyllium Husk: A Comprehensive Review of its Functional Properties, Health Benefits, Mechanisms of Action, and Potential Adverse Effects.","authors":"Akash Kumar, Riya Patel, Sangeeta Yadav, Bhupendra Prajapati, Simple Sharma, Kajol Batta, Rekha Kaushik, Shiv Kumar, Kiran Dudhat, Sarvesh Rustagi","doi":"10.1007/s13668-025-00727-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-025-00727-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to provide insights into the various characteristics of psyllium husk (Plantago ovata). Specifically, the review focuses primarily on its role in managing chronic disease and the potential mechanisms responsible for these health benefits. RECENT FINDINGS: The studies have highlighted the multifaceted functional properties of psyllium husk, including its high water-holding capacity, gel-forming ability, and viscosity, which contribute to its efficacy in promoting gastrointestinal health. The consumption of psyllium husk may improve glycemic control, reduce cholesterol, and enhance bowel function. The various mechanisms responsible for health benefits include the binding of bile acids, modulation of the gut microbiome, enhanced satiety, and delayed gastric emptying. Psyllium consumption promotes the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., thereby increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, several adverse effects were observed, including bloating, allergic reactions, and gastrointestinal obstruction (resulting from inadequate water consumption). Psyllium husk can be used as an adjunct therapy in managing body weight, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, and gut health. It is generally considered safe; careful consideration of dosage and hydration is necessary to minimize adverse effects. Further research is required to optimize dosage and investigate the long-term effects on metabolic health. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Future Protein Sources in Sports Nutrition: Sustainable Solutions​. 运动营养中的未来蛋白质来源:可持续解决方案。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00734-8
Tuğba Tuna, Nesli Ersoy
{"title":"Future Protein Sources in Sports Nutrition: Sustainable Solutions​.","authors":"Tuğba Tuna, Nesli Ersoy","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00734-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00734-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review evaluates the potential of alternative protein sources, including plant-based proteins, insect proteins, mycoproteins, microalgae, and cultured meat, in meeting the increasing demand for sustainable and functional protein solutions in sports nutrition.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Studies indicate that alternative protein sources provide significant environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and lower water use, while delivering essential nutrients to support athletic performance and recovery. Advances in technology and production methods have further enhanced their feasibility as replacements for conventional animal-based proteins. Integrating alternative protein sources into sports nutrition offers a dual benefit: meeting athletes' dietary requirements and supporting global sustainability goals. These protein sources pave the way for innovative, environmentally conscious dietary practices in sports nutrition, marking a pivotal shift toward a more sustainable future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Chronotype-Based Mediterranean Diet Pyramid: An Updated Representation by the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Italian Society of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI). 一种新的基于时间类型的地中海饮食金字塔:意大利内分泌学会(SIE)和意大利饮食与临床营养学会(ADI)的最新代表。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00731-x
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Elisabetta Camajani, Giuseppe Annunziata, Maria Pina Mollica, Marianna Minnetti, Giovanna Trinchese, Pietro Losignore, Annamaria Colao, Alberto Ferlin, Carmela Bagnato, Diego Ferone, Barbara Paolini, Massimiliano Caprio, Giovanna Muscogiuri
{"title":"A Novel Chronotype-Based Mediterranean Diet Pyramid: An Updated Representation by the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Italian Society of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI).","authors":"Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Elisabetta Camajani, Giuseppe Annunziata, Maria Pina Mollica, Marianna Minnetti, Giovanna Trinchese, Pietro Losignore, Annamaria Colao, Alberto Ferlin, Carmela Bagnato, Diego Ferone, Barbara Paolini, Massimiliano Caprio, Giovanna Muscogiuri","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00731-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00731-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the integration of chronobiology and chronotype-specific factors into the Mediterranean Diet (MD) framework. While the MD is widely recognized for its cardiometabolic and neuroprotective effects, current guidelines do not address the timing of food intake or the influence of individual chronotype. Given the growing evidence linking circadian alignment, meal timing, and metabolic health, we propose a revised Mediterranean Diet pyramid tailored to chronotype and lifestyle determinants, herein referred to as the chronotype-based Mediterranean Diet Pyramid of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Italian Society of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI).  RECENT FINDINGS: Chrononutrition emphasizes the timing, frequency, and regularity of meals as key elements for metabolic regulation. Early-day energy intake, time-restricted eating, and alignment with circadian rhythms improve glycemic control, weight management, and cardiovascular outcomes. Morning chronotypes tend to show higher adherence to the MD, whereas evening chronotypes more frequently delay meals, skip breakfast, and consume energy-dense foods at night, contributing to poorer metabolic profiles. Sleep duration and quality further modulate appetite regulation and dietary adherence. Building on these insights, the proposed pyramid integrates circadian cues, represented by sun and moon symbols, to guide nutrient timing. Foods rich in carbohydrates and fiber (whole grains, legumes, fruits) are emphasized earlier in the day, while protein- and vegetable-based meals are prioritized in the evening, alongside sleep-promoting foods such as dairy, nuts, and seeds. Lifestyle pillars, including physical activity, adequate sleep, and the alignment of eating schedules with chronotype, form the foundation of the pyramid.  The integration of chronobiological principles into the MD offers a novel paradigm that couples dietary quality with circadian alignment. A chronotype-oriented MD pyramid may enhance adherence, optimize metabolic flexibility, and reinforce the MD as a holistic model encompassing nutrition, lifestyle, and sustainability. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146178283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Free Sugars Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes: What Are the Concerns and How Strong is the Evidence? 游离糖摄入和2型糖尿病:有什么值得关注的?证据有多有力?
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00740-w
Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Sze-Yen Tan
{"title":"Free Sugars Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes: What Are the Concerns and How Strong is the Evidence?","authors":"Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Sze-Yen Tan","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00740-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00740-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review examines the relationship between free sugars consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, with particular focus on the differential effects of sugar types and their delivery forms. Given the unresolved questions and areas of uncertainty in the literature, this analysis aims to clarify the evidence base and inform public health and clinical strategies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Epidemiological studies and meta-analyses show inconsistent associations between total sugar intake and T2DM risk. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), however, are more consistently linked to increased risk, with estimates indicating a 13-30% rise in T2DM risk per daily serving. In contrast, free sugars consumed in solid foods, at typical dietary levels, appear to be effectively metabolized without clear harmful effects for T2DM risks. Experimental evidence indicates that the small intestine plays a key role in metabolizing fructose before it reaches the liver, limiting its contribution to hepatic lipogenesis and associated metabolic disruptions-provided intake remains within normal dietary ranges. Proposed mechanisms for the stronger association with SSBs include faster absorption, minimal satiety response, and reduced dietary compensation, which may contribute to overall excess energy intake. Measurement challenges and heterogeneity across studies complicate interpretation. The form in which sugar is consumed appears more relevant to T2DM risk than the type of sugar itself. Evidence supports focusing public health efforts for T2DM prevention on reducing SSB consumption rather than targeting total free sugar intake. Future research should explore dose-response effects, long-term outcomes, and how individual metabolic profiles interact with different sugar sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12904972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146178235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aronia Melanocarpa as a Multifunctional Superberry: From Antioxidant Potential to Therapeutic and Nanotechnological Applications. 作为一种多功能超级浆果:从抗氧化潜力到治疗和纳米技术应用。
IF 8 3区 医学
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-026-00736-6
Yasemin Açar Kuru, Gül Eda Kılınç
{"title":"Aronia Melanocarpa as a Multifunctional Superberry: From Antioxidant Potential to Therapeutic and Nanotechnological Applications.","authors":"Yasemin Açar Kuru, Gül Eda Kılınç","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00736-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00736-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: This review aims to provide an overview of the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, and health-promoting properties of Aronia melanocarpa, with a particular focus on its antioxidant capacity and potential therapeutic applications in chronic disease prevention and management. RECENT FINDINGS: In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies indicate that Aronia melanocarpa exerts potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, anti-obesity, and anticancer effects, attributed mainly to its rich anthocyanin and procyanidin content. Human intervention trials have shown improved antioxidant status, lipid and glucose metabolism, vascular function, and inflammatory markers. However, some results remain inconclusive due to differences in cultivar, processing, dosage, and individuals. Supporting evidence from animal and cellular models highlights the regulation of NF-κB and AMPK signaling pathways, modulation of gut microbiota, and protective effects against metabolic and age-related disorders. Furthermore, novel applications in nanotechnology demonstrate that Aronia melanocarpa extracts can serve as eco-friendly agents in synthesizing bioactive nanoparticles with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and biomedical potential. Aronia melanocarpa is a promising functional food with strong potential for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications. While experimental evidence supports its health benefits, human clinical data remain insufficient to establish standardized dosage and long-term use recommendations. Future research should focus on well-designed clinical trials, bioavailability optimization, and fully elucidating the role of Aronia melanocarpa in health promotion and disease prevention. </p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12881096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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