Current drug delivery最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Phytotherapy Application: Preparation, Characterization, Antioxidant Activities and Determination of Anti-inflammatory Effects by <i>In vivo</i> HET-CAM Assay of Chitosan-based DDSs Containing Endemic <i>Helichrysum pamphylicum</i> P.H. Davis & Kupicha Methanolic Extract.","authors":"Nurlan Ismailovi, H Tuba Kıyan, A Alper Öztürk","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230328122504","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230328122504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous pharmaceutical applications for chitosan, a polysaccharide made from the shells of crustaceans by deacetylating chitin that occurs naturally, are currently being researched. Chitosan, a natural polymer, is successfully used to prepare many drug-carrier systems, such as gel, film, nanoparticle, and wound dressing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Preparing chitosan gels without external crosslinkers is less toxic and environmentally friendly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Chitosan-based gels containing <i>Helichrysum pamphylicum</i> P.H. Davis & Kupicha methanolic extract (HP) were produced successfully.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The F9-HP coded gel prepared with high molecular weight chitosan was chosen as the optimum formulation in terms of pH and rheological properties. The amount of HP was found to be 98.83% ± 0.19 in the F9-HP coded formulation. The HP release from the F9-HP coded formula was determined to be slower and 9 hours prolonged release compared to pure HP. It was determined that HP release from F9-HP coded formulation with the DDSolver program was by anomalous (non-fickian) diffusion mechanism. The F9-HP coded formulation significantly showed DPPH free radical scavenger, ABTS•+ cation decolorizing and metal chelating antioxidant activity while weakly reducing antioxidant potential. According to the HET-CAM scores, strong anti-inflammatory activity was obtained by the F9-HP coded gel at a dose of 20 μg.embryo^-1(p<0.05 compared with SDS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, it can be said that chitosan-based gels containing HP, which can be used in both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment, were successfully formulated and characterized.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"901-916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11071655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9607425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Applications of Flexible Vesicular Systems as Transdermal Drug Delivery.","authors":"Palwinder Kaur, Surajpal Verma, Bhupendra Tomar, Manish Vyas, Violina Kakoty, Paramita Saha, Sarathlal Kalarikkal Chandran","doi":"10.2174/1567201821666230830125253","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201821666230830125253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deformable lipidic-nano carriers are a category of advanced liposomal formulations. Deformable lipidic-nano carriers have a specific character to transform by rearranging the lipidic backbone to squeeze themself through a pore opening ten times smaller than their diameter when exposed to a variable condition like hydration gradient as these have potentially been used as a non-invasive delivery system to transdermally migrate various therapeutic agents for over three decades. Despite their vast application in transdermal drug delivery system, non-uniformity to express their chemical nature still exist and authors use various terms synonymously and interchangeably with each other. The present study delineates the terminologies used to express different derived deformable vesicular carriers to harmonize the terminological use. It also includes the effectiveness of deformable nanocarriers like Transferosomes, Ethosomes, Menthosomes, Invasomes, and Glycerosomes in skin conditions like basal cell carcinoma, fungal and viral infections, and hyperpigmentation disorders, along with others. Various review and research articles were selected from the 'Pubmed' database. The keywords like Transferosomes, Flexi-vesicular system, ultra-deformable vesicles, and nano-vesicular systems were used to extract the data. The data was reviewed and compiled to categorically classify different flexible vesicular systems. The composition of the different vesicular systems is identified and a report of various pathological conditions where the use of flexible lipid nanocarrier systems was implemented is compiled. The review also offers suggestive approaches where the applicability of these systems can be explored further.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"1062-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10495155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Nanocarrier-based Approaches to Atopic Dermatitis and Emerging Trends in Drug Development and Design.","authors":"Amisha, Dilpreet Singh, Balak Das Kurmi, Amrinder Singh","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230508121716","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230508121716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD), commonly known as Eczema, is a non-communicable skin condition that tends to become chronic. The deteriorating immunological abnormalities are marked by mild to severe erythema, severe itching, and recurrent eczematous lesions. Different pharmacological approaches are used to treat AD. The problem with commercial topical preparations lies in the limitation of skin atrophy, systemic side effects, and burning sensation that decreases patient compliance. The carrier-based system promises to eliminate these shortcomings; thus, a novel approach to treating AD is required. Liposomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanoemulsions, etc., have been developed recently to address this ailment. Despite extensive research in the development method and various techniques, it has been challenging to demonstrate the commercial feasibility of these carrier- based systems, which illustrates a gap among the different research areas. Further, different soft wares and other tools have proliferated among biochemists as part of a cooperative approach to drug discovery. It is crucial in designing, developing, and analyzing processes in the pharmaceutical industry and is widely used to reduce costs, accelerate the development of biologically innovative active ingredients, and shorten the development time. This review sheds light on the compilation of extensive efforts to combat this disease, the product development processes, commercial products along with patents in this regard, numerous options for each step of computer-aided drug design, including in silico pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity screening or predictions that are important in finding the drug-like compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"932-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9432294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Brain Targeting Delivery of Salvianic Acid Using Borneol as a Promoter of Blood/Brain Transport and Regulator of P-gp.","authors":"Ailing Hui, Zheng Zhang, Jinghe Wang, Li Yang, Shaohuan Deng, Wencheng Zhang, An Zhou, Zeyu Wu","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230119120314","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230119120314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borneol can enhance the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of some drugs and suppress the efflux transport of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which will contribute to the brain delivery of salvianic acid A (SAA).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop an approach to improve the brain targeting delivery of SAA with the aid of borneol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>\"Borneol\" was involved in SAA <i>via</i> esterified prodrug SAA borneol ester (SBE) and combined administration (SAA-borneol, SAA-B). Subsequently, the blood-brain transport of SAA through brain/blood distribution and P-gp regulation <i>via</i> expression and function assay were investigated in rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SBE and SAA-B-treated group received a three-fold brain concentration and longer t1/2 and retention period of active SAA than that of SAA alone (20.18/13.82 min vs. 6.48 min; 18.30/17.42 min vs. 11.46 min). In addition, blood to brain transport of active SAA in SBE was altered in comparison to that of SAA-B, ultimately resulting in a better drug targeting index (9.93 vs. 3.63). Further studies revealed that SBE-induced downregulation of P-gp expression occurred at the later stage of administration (60 min, <i>P</i> < 0.01), but SBE always showed a more powerful drug transport activity across BBB represented by Kp value of rhodamine 123 than SAA-B (30, 60 min, <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The comparative results indicate that SBE exhibits prominent efficiency on SAA's targeting delivery through improved blood/brain metabolic properties and sustained inhibitory effect of \"borneol\" on P-gp efflux. Therefore, prodrug modification can be applied as a more effective approach for brain delivery of SAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"726-733"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10550998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Andrographis paniculata</i> and Andrographolide - A Snapshot on Recent Advances in Nano Drug Delivery Systems against Cancer.","authors":"Rohitas Deshmukh, Aman Kumar Jain, Rajesh Singh, Swarnali Das Paul, Ranjit K Harwansh","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230203115752","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230203115752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is one of the deadliest illnesses of the 21st century. Chemotherapy and radiation therapies both have considerable side effects. Antitumor antibiotics are one of them. Coughs, common colds, fevers, laryngitis, and infectious disorders have all been treated with <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> for centuries. Extracts of <i>Andrographis</i> effectively treat various ailments, as well as cancer. The most active molecule in <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> is andrographolide a, diterpene, and lactone. <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> and its derivatives have long been used to treat various ailments. Anti-inflammatory and cancerfighting characteristics have been observed in Andrographolide. Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone separated from <i>Andrographis paniculata</i>, has also been shown to have important criticalessential biological protective properties. It has also been suggested that it could be used to treat major human diseases like-rheumatoid like rheumatoid, colitis, and Parkinsons disease. This summary aims to highlight Andrographolide as a promising cancer treatment option. Several databases were searched for andrographolides cytotoxic/anti-cancer effects in pre-clinical and clinical research to serve this purpose. Several studies have shown that Andrographolide is helpful in cancer medication, as detailed in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"631-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10653230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Antitumor Efficacy of a Dextran-based Docetaxel-coupled Conjugate against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Hongshuai Lv, Weiping Jia, Peng Dong, Jiaojiao Liu, Si Wang, Xiaohai Li, Jinghua Hu, Ling Zhao, Yikang Shi","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230622105503","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230622105503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most chemotherapeutic agents are characterized by poor water solubility and non-specific distribution. Polymer-based conjugates are promising strategies for overcoming these limitations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to fabricate a polysaccharide, dextran-based, dual-drug conjugate by covalently grafting docetaxel (DTX) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) onto the bifunctionalized dextran through a long linker, and to investigate the antitumor efficacy of this conjugate against breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DTX was firstly coupled with DHA and covalently bounded with the bifunctionalized dextran (100 kDa) through a long linker to produce a conjugate dextran-DHA-DTX (termed C-DDD). Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of this conjugate were measured <i>in vitro</i>. Drug biodistribution and pharmacokinetics were investigated through liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The inhibitory effects on tumor growth were evaluated in MCF-7- and 4T1-tumor-bearing mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The loading capacity of the C-DDD for DTX was 15.90 (weight/weight). The C-DDD possessed good water solubility and was able to self-assemble into nanoparticles measuring 76.8 ± 5.5 nm. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve (0-∞) for the released DTX and total DTX from the C-DDD were significantly enhanced compared with the conventional DTX formulation. The C-DDD selectively accumulated in the tumor, with limited distribution was observed in normal tissues. The C-DDD exhibited greater antitumor activity than the conventional DTX in the triplenegative breast cancer model. Furthermore, the C-DDD nearly eliminated all MCF-7 tumors in nude mice without leading to systemic adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This dual-drug C-DDD has the potential to become a candidate for clinical application through the optimization of the linker.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"775-784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10050822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Vesicular Bilosomal Delivery Systems for Dermal/Transdermal Applications.","authors":"Vasanti Suvarna, Rashmi Mallya, Kajal Deshmukh, Bhakti Sawant, Tabassum Asif Khan, Abdelwahab Omri","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230707161206","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230707161206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of therapeutically active molecules through the dermal/transdermal route into the skin has evolved as an attractive formulation strategy in comparison to oral delivery systems for the treatment of various disease conditions. However, the delivery of drugs across the skin is limited due to poor permeability. Dermal/transdermal delivery is associated with ease of accessibility, enhanced safety, better patient compliance, and reduced variability in plasma drug concentrations. It has the ability to bypass the first-pass metabolism, which ultimately results in steady and sustained drug levels in the systemic circulation. Vesicular drug delivery systems, including bilosomes, have gained significant interest due to their colloidal nature, improved drug solubility, absorption, and bioavailability with prolonged circulation time for a large number of new drug molecules. Bilosomes are novel lipid vesicular nanocarriers comprising bile salts, such as deoxycholic acid, sodium cholate, deoxycholate, taurocholate, glycocholate or sorbitan tristearate. These bilosomes are associated with high flexibility, deformability, and elasticity attributed to their bile acid component. These carriers are advantageous in terms of improved skin permeation, increased dermal and epidermal drug concentration, and enhanced local action with reduced systemic absorption of the drug, resulting in reduced side effects. The present article provides a comprehensive overview of the biopharmaceutical aspects of dermal/transdermal bilosome delivery systems, their composition, formulation techniques, characterization methods, and applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"961-977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10123080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Printed Personalized Colon-targeted Tablets: A Novel Approach in Ulcerative Colitis Management.","authors":"Yachana Mishra, Vijay Mishra, Alaa A A Aljabali, Mohamed El-Tanani, Gowhar A Naikoo, Nitin Charbe, Sai Raghuveer Chava, Murtaza M Tambuwala","doi":"10.2174/1567201821666230915150544","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201821666230915150544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that are increasing in frequency and incidence worldwide, particularly in highly industrialized countries. Conventional tablets struggle to effectively deliver anti-inflammatory drugs since the inflammation is localized in different areas of the colon in each patient. The goal of 3D printing technology in pharmaceutics is to create personalized drug delivery systems (DDS) that are tailored to each individual's specific needs. This review provides an overview of existing 3D printing processes, with a focus on extrusion-based technologies, which have received the most attention. Personalized pharmaceutical products offer numerous benefits to patients worldwide, and 3D printing technology is becoming more affordable every day. Custom manufacturing of 3D printed tablets provides innovative ideas for developing a tailored colon DDS. In the future, 3D printing could be used to manufacture personalized tablets for UC patients based on the location of inflammation in the colon, resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes and a better quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"1211-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10634609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Domperidone Maleate: Formulation, <i>In vitro</i> Permeability Evaluation In-caco-2 Cell Monolayers and <i>In situ</i> Rat Intestinal Permeability Studies.","authors":"Neslihan Üstündağ Okur, Emre Şefik Çağlar, Mustafa Sinan Kaynak, Mine Diril, Saniye Özcan, Hatice Yeşim Karasulu","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230214091509","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230214091509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The domperidone maleate, a lipophilic agent classified as a Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II substance with weak water solubility. Self- Emulsifying Drug Delivery System is a novel approach to improve water solubility and, ultimately bioavailability of drugs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and characterize new domperidone-loaded self-emulsifying drug delivery systems as an alternative formulation and to evaluate the permeability of domperidone-loaded self-emulsifying drug delivery systems by using Caco-2 cells and <i>via</i> single-pass intestinal perfusion method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three self-emulsifying drug delivery systems were prepared and characterized in terms of pH, viscosity, droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, conductivity, <i>etc</i>. Each formulation underwent 10, 100, 200, and 500 times dilution in intestinal buffer pH 6.8 and stomach buffer pH 1.2, respectively. Female Sprague Dawley rats were employed for <i>in situ</i> single-pass intestinal perfusion investigations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of the study revealed that the ideal self-emulsifying drug delivery systems formulation showed narrow droplet size, ideal zeta potential, and no conductivity. Additionally, as compared to the control groups, the optimum formulation had better apparent permeability (12.74 ± 0.02×10-4) from Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability experiments. The study also revealed greater Peff values (2.122 ± 0.892×10-4 cm/s) for the optimal formulation from <i>in situ</i> intestinal perfusion analyses in comparison to control groups (Domperidone; 0.802 ± 0.418×10-4 cm/s).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To conclude, prepared formulations can be a promising way of oral administration of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"1010-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10767561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Compound Essential Oil Alters Stratum Corneum Structure, Potentially Promoting the Transdermal Permeation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Ingredients.","authors":"Na Yang, Xinyi Ai, Kang Cheng, Yihan Wu, Zhi Lu, Zhenda Liu, Teng Guo, Nianping Feng","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230120122206","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230120122206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The stratum corneum (SC) is the main barrier of the skin, and cosmeceuticals are different from ordinary cosmetics in that they need to deliver active ingredients targeting specific skin problems through the SC into the deeper layers of the skin. Thus, we designed a compound essential oil (CEO) extracted from <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bge and <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Presl, supplemented with borneol to deliver active ingredients through the SC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CEO was prepared by flash extraction combined with the microwave method. Moreover, the main components of the CEO were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Visualization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), were used to study the permeationpromoting mechanism of the CEO on the skin. Furthermore, the permeation-promoting effects of the CEO on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients were tested <i>via in vitro</i> skin penetration experiments and <i>in vivo</i> microdialysis experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated the ability of the CEO to alter the structure of the SC, leading to enhanced transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. The 1.5% CEO group demonstrated the best permeation-promoting effect compared to the other CEO groups and blank groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the CEO displayed an expedited permeability-promoting effect on hydrophobic ingredients compared to hydrophilic ingredients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded that the prepared CEO can promote the transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. This study will provide a reference for the application of the prepared CEO in the development of cosmeceuticals with natural efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"744-752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9126742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}