Current drug delivery最新文献

{"title":"Designing, Structural Determination, and Antibacterial Activity of Injectable Ciprofloxacin-loaded gelatin-sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose composite Nanogels against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Jinhuan Liu,&nbsp;Wei Song,&nbsp;Samah Attia Algharib,&nbsp;Wanhe Luo,&nbsp;Wei Chen","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220513121219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220513121219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The development of nanogels has become an attractive strategy to enhance the antibacterial activity performance of bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ciprofloxacin composite nanogels were successfully prepared by electrostatic interaction between gelatin (positive charge) and CMC (negative charge) with the help of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as ionic crosslinkers, to increase the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) mastitis infection. The formulation screening, characterization, in vitro release, antibacterial activity, and biosafety were studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized formulation was fabricated of 20 mg/mL (CMC) and 50mg/mL (gelatin). The optimized ciprofloxacin composite nanogels were homogenous canary yellow suspension with a sedimentation rate of 1 and were incorporated in nano-sized cross-linked polymeric networks. The particle sizes were distributed as, 402.7±1.3 nm, PDI of 0.12±0.01, ZP of -24.5±0.2mv, EE of 74.28%±0.03%, LC of 20.5%±0.05%. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that ciprofloxacin might be incorporated in nano-sized cross-linked polymeric networks. Fourier transform infrared showed that the spontaneous electrostatic interactions between CMC and gelatin produce the network structure and form the composite nanogels. Meanwhile, in vitro release study showed that ciprofloxacin composite nanogels had sustained-release performances. The ciprofloxacin composite nanogels had shown better antibacterial activity against SCV 102 isolate than S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus 101isolates. The biosafety studies suggested the great promise of the injectable ciprofloxacin composite nanogels as a biocompatible breast injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will afford a potential approach for developing injectable ciprofloxacin-loaded gelatin-CMC composite nanogels for cow S. aureus mastitis therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 9","pages":"1327-1336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9548771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocyte Growth Factor Delivered by Nanocomposites for Gene Therapy of Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats.","authors":"Qi Guo,&nbsp;Yuxin Lu,&nbsp;Xiaochen Cheng,&nbsp;Fengjun Xiao,&nbsp;Qinglin Zhang,&nbsp;Peng Gao,&nbsp;Li Du","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220613145417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220613145417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease. There is no effective treatment for PF. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects but has limited potential owing to its short half-life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To increase the transfection efficiency of pVAX-HGF, we prepared polyethyleneiminepolyethylene glycol: polyethyleneimine/pVAX-HGF (PEG-PEI: PEI/pVAX-HGF) nanocomposite loaded with a plasmid encoding the HGF gene. The PEG-PEI:PEI/pVAX-HGF characteristics, including morphology, particle size, zeta-potential, and DNA entrapment efficiency, were investigated. The pVAX-HGF nanocomposites with low toxicity and high transfection efficiency were screened by cell viability assay and cell transfection. The antifibrotic effect of pVAX-HGF nanocomposite on PF rats induced by bleomycin (BLM) was evaluated by pulmonary function measurement, pathological examination and collagen content assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different nanocomposites were prepared to deliver pVAX-HGF, in which mix1 (PEGPEI: PEI/pVAX-HGF) has lower potential and better entrapment ability.</p><p><strong>Peg-pei: </strong>PEI/pVAX-HGF (N/P=25) nanocomposite with low toxicity and high transfection efficiency was administered to PF rats. After treatment with mix 1/pVAX-HGF, the index of lung function(including EF50, MV, TV, PEF and PIF) in mix 1/pVAX-HGF group was higher than that of the PF group. The number of cells in BALF of the mix 1/pVAX-HGF group was significantly lower than that of the PF groups, and the content of hydroxyproline(HYP) and collagen Type I (Col-I) in the lung of the mix 1/pVAX-HGF group was much lower than that of the PF groups in the early stage. The result of pathological examination showed that rats in the mix1/pVAX-HGF group showed obviously reduced alveolar septal thickening, fewer infiltrated inflammatory cells and less collagen deposition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PEG-PEI:PEI/pVAX-HGF nanocomposite can ameliorate PF induced by BLM. The pVAX-HGF nanocomposite is a latent therapeutic strategy for PF.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 9","pages":"1368-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Potential Option for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Highly Soluble and Poorly Permeable (BCS Class III) Drugs.","authors":"M Sri Rekha,&nbsp;S Sangeetha,&nbsp;A Seetha Devi","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220418100410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220418100410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral administration of drug is the most preferred one among the other routes for the majority of clinical applications. As compared to the parenteral method of administration, it has potential benefits such as increased patient compliance, fewer problems, and reduced treatment costs. Regardless of these factors, inadequate bioavailability owing to poor solubility or permeability limits the therapeutic effectiveness of orally given drugs. Though most current research focuses on BCS II (drugs with low solubility and high permeability), BCS III (drugs with high solubility and low permeability) also has poor oral bioavailability due to their limited permeability across lipid membranes and is usually administered through the parenteral route. The need for an oral alternative to parenteral administration has prompted a renewed focus on the development of innovative dosage forms that support the absorption of medicines that are poorly permeable through the intestinal epithelium. Because of their unique sizedependent feature in enhancing transmembrane permeability, ability to incorporate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs and biocompatible nature of components, the use of nanoparticles for improving drug bioavailability has been a focus of current study in the field of drug delivery in recent years. The lipidbased nanoparticle method presents a potential new avenue for manufacturing BCS Class III medicines with enhanced bioavailability, as poor permeability is the main issue for these agents. This research aims to assess the potential of lipid nanoparticles for improving the oral bioavailability of medicines with permeability-restricted oral absorption, such as pharmaceuticals in Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class III.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 3","pages":"223-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10662486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Synthesis of Three Types of Mesoporous Silica Microspheres as Drug Delivery Carriers and their Sustained-Release Properties.","authors":"Yameng Zhu,&nbsp;Boyao Wang,&nbsp;Jian Chen,&nbsp;Jun He,&nbsp;Xilong Qiu","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220616121602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220616121602","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are one of the most promising carriers for drug delivery. MSNs have been widely used in pharmaceutical research as drug carriers because of their large pore volume, high surface area, excellent biocompatibility, nontoxicity, ease to functionalize, and sustained release effects. MSNs have attracted much attention during drug delivery because of their special structure.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The present study aimed to synthesize mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSN) and hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN) through facile methods, and to compare the drug release properties of nano-porous silica with different pore structures as a stroma for PUE drug.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000MSN, DMSN, and HMSN were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, XRD, and zeta potential methods. Subsequently, puerarin (PUE) was used as the active ingredient and loaded into the three mesoporous materials, respectively. And the drug delivery behavior was measured in PBS solution with different pH values. The sustained-release properties of MSN, DMSN, and HMSN loaded with PUE were investigated. Finally, the biocompatibility and stability of MSN, DMSN, and HMSN were studied by MTT assay and hemolysis assay.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our results showed that MSN, DMSN, and HMSN were successfully synthesized and the three types of mesoporous silica nanoparticles had higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. According to the first-order release equation curve and Higuchi equation parameters, the results showed that the PUE-loaded MSN, DMSN, and HMSN exhibited sustained-release properties. Finally, MTT and hemolysis methods displayed that MSN, DMSN, and HMSN had good biocompatibility and stability.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000In this study, MSN, DMSN, and HMSN were successfully synthesized, and to compare the drug release properties of nano-porous silica with different pore structures as a stroma for PUE drug, we provided a theoretical and practical basis for the application of PUE.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 9","pages":"1337-1350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9601680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spray Drying as an Effective Method in the Development of Solid Self- Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems.","authors":"Mohit Kumar,&nbsp;Pooja A Chawla,&nbsp;Abdul Faruk,&nbsp;Viney Chawla","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220516103042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220516103042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most of the new drug candidates and present ones are lipophilic, which leads to low bioavailability. Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) have emerged as promising formulation system for poorly water-soluble drug candidates. Over the last two decades, various such drug compounds were used by researchers for the development of SEDDS. At present, many SEDDS formulations are also available in the market. Though SEDDS offer many advantages but drawbacks like low drug loading, few dosage form choices, difficulty in handling and storage led to the solidification of this system by various methods. Solidification by spray drying technique offers a lot of advantages like scalability and stability. This particular method is the focus of this review. Adsorbent carriers have the most significant role in the fate of this formulation and its compatibility with the drug candidate. This review addresses the advantages, method of development, spray drying specifications, and characterization of S-SEDDS in detail. Furthermore, the prospect of turning spray-dried SEDDS into tablets by punching which offers potential advantages of increased bioavailability and stability has also been discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"508-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9165988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-emulsifying System Co-loaded with Paclitaxel and Coix Seed Oil Deeply Penetrated to Enhance Efficacy in Cervical Cancer.","authors":"Yunyan Chen,&nbsp;Shaozhen Wang,&nbsp;Qiyan Hu,&nbsp;Lingyun Zhou","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220628094239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220628094239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paclitaxel (PTX), voted as the promising natural medicine molecule, is widely used in the treatment of cancers. Nevertheless, its clinical application is strictly limited by its poor water solubility.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>CP-MEs (Paclitaxel-coix seed oil coloaded microemulsion), a small-sized self-emulsifying nanoemulsion formed from a combination of PTX and coix seed oil (CSO), was developed in order to improve the solubility of paclitaxel and enhance anti-cervical cancer efficacy in vitro. CSO was selected as the oil phase to replace conventional organic solvents and achieve a synergistic anti-tumor effect with paclitaxel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pseudoternary phase diagram was applied to the study of CP-MEs formulation. CP-MEs were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency (EE and LE) were detected by HPLC. MTT was adopted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of CP-MEs against HeLa cells. The cellular uptake and apoptotic ratio of CP-MEs were evaluated by flow cytometry. Notably, HeLa 3D tumor spheroid was adopted to evaluate tumor permeability of different size microemulsions as the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best self-emulsifying ability was exhibited by HS 15: PEG 400 combination. The appearance of CP-MEs was clear and transparent, which exhibited a small size (30.28 ± 0.36) and a slight negative surface charge (-4.40 ± 1.13) mV. The EE and LE of CP-MEs were 98.80% and 0.978%, respectively. The cumulative release rate within 48 h of the CP-MEs was 80.21%. In cellular studies, the uptake of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled CP-MEs (FITC/C-MEs) was 17.86-fold higher than the free FITC group, leading to significant synergistic anticancer activity in terms of cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in vitro. The apoptotic rate of CP-MEs treated was 1.70-fold higher than PTXtreated. Notably, the penetration of CP-MEs in the HeLa 3D tumor sphere model was enhanced, which was related to deeply penetrated microemulsion of small size mediated at the tumor site.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the advantage of the small-sized self-emulsifying system, CP-MEs hold great potential to become an efficient nano drug delivery system for cervical cancer treatment in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 7","pages":"919-926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Biotin Functionalized Fullerenes for the Delivery of Irinotecan to Colon Tumors.","authors":"Shikha Dhiman,&nbsp;Amardeep Kaur,&nbsp;G L Gupta,&nbsp;Manu Sharma","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220516153010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220516153010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irinotecan is a promising antitumor agent approved by FDA for intravenous use in colon cancer treatment either alone or in combination. It is a topoisomerase inhibitor and by blocking the topoisomerase-I enzyme, it causes DNA damage and results in cell death. However, it lacks selectivity and specificity for tumor cells, resulting in systemic toxicity. Thus, it is essential to reduce its side effects and improve therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the toxic effects of irinotecan by developing a fullerene functionalized biotin drug delivery system and adsorbing irinotecan on the surface of the functionalized fullerene-biotin complex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fullerene (C₆₀) has been observed as a potential drug delivery agent and the aminefunctionalized C₆₀-NH₂ was synthesized by functionalizing ethylenediamine on the surface of C₆₀. The PEI functionalized C₆₀ was further synthesized by polymerization of aziridine on the surface of C₆₀- NH2. Biotin was attached by an amide linkage to C₆₀-PEI and the anti-colon cancer drug irinotecan (IRI) was encapsulated (C₆₀-PEI-Biotin/IRI). The C₆₀-PEI-Biotin/IRI was characterized and evaluated for in vivo anti-colon cancer activity in rats and the results were compared with the parent drug irinotecan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that C₆₀-PEI-Biotin/IRI conjugate had a controlled release profile according to in vitro HPLC studies. Moreover in vivo anti-tumor studies suggested that the conjugate proved to be less toxic to vital organs and had high efficacy towards tumor cells. Statistical studies confirmed less tumor index and tumor burden in the case of conjugate when compared to irinotecan.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is hypothesized that the conjugate (C₆₀-PEI-Biotin/IRI) could cross the cell membrane easily through overexpressed biotin receptors on the cell surface of colon cancer cells and showed better efficacy and less toxicity in comparison to IRI in the colon cancer rat model.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 7","pages":"978-991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfonium Lipids: Synthesis and Evaluation as DNA Delivery Vectors.","authors":"Jing Li,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Yanjie Lu,&nbsp;Yue Lin,&nbsp;Kun Yang,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhou,&nbsp;Guinan Shen","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220519122622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220519122622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cationic lipids can be used as nonviral vectors in gene delivery therapy. Most cationic lipids contain quaternary ammonium that can bind to negative phosphates of the plasmid. In this study, sulfonium-a trialkylated sulfur cation was adopted in the synthesis of a series of cationic lipids which were evaluated for their ability to function as gene delivery vectors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sulfonium lipids were synthesized by condensing cyclic thioether and aliphatic carbon chains with ethoxy linkage and the structure was characterized by NMR and mass. The DNA condensing abilities of sulfonium lipids were evaluated using a gel retardation experiment. Sulfonium lipids/ DNA condensates were measured for particle size and Zeta potential. The cytotoxicity of sulfoniums was evaluated with the MTT assay. The intracellular uptake of sulfonium lipid/DNA complexes was observed with a fluorescence microscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the sulfonium head can effectively bind to the phosphate of DNA. When the S/P ratio is larger than 10/1, sulfonium lipids with longer carbon chains can completely condense DNA to form a nanoparticle with particle size ranging from 135 nm to 155 nm and zeta potential ranging from 28 mV to 42 mV. The IC50 of sulfonium lipids on HepG2 cells ranged from 2.37 μg/mL to 3.67 μg/mL. Cellular uptake experiments showed that sulfonium lipids/DNA condensate can be taken into cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sulfonium lipids can effectively condense DNA and transfer DNA into cells. The sulfonium compound is worth further development to reduce the cytotoxicity and increase the transfection rate as gene vectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 7","pages":"951-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Drug Loaded Potassium-contained Graphene Oxide as a Nanocarrier in Cocktailed Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Human Breast Cancer.","authors":"Himani Tiwari,&nbsp;Neha Karki,&nbsp;Chetna Tewari,&nbsp;Neema Pandey,&nbsp;Anita Rana,&nbsp;Sravendra Rana,&nbsp;Mintu Pal,&nbsp;Nanda Gopal Sahoo","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220524152558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220524152558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combinatorial use of anticancer drugs, dual or multiple, with a specific nanocarrier is one of the most promising attempts in drug delivery. The current work reports potassium contained graphene oxide (K-GO) as a nanocarrier in the drug delivery system of two anticancer drugs, gefitinib (GEF) and camptothecin (CPT), simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To characterize K-GO, K-GO-related single and combined drug systems, different techniques have been performed and studied using the following spectroscopic tools, such as Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA 4000), UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro cytotoxicity tests of K-GO, single drug system, and the combined drug system were also performed in the human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The release profile of the dual drug conjugates grafted onto the surface of K-GO was found to be up to 38% in PBS solution over 72 hours. The percentage of MDA-MB-231 cell viability was about 18% when treated with K-GO-GEF-CPT combined system; for K-GO, K-GO-GEF, and K-GO-CPT, the cell viability was 79%, 31%, and 32%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We studied the loading, release, and delivery of two anticancer drugs onto the fluorescent nanocarrier. Features, such as superb aqueous solubility, excellent biocompatibility, richness in potassium, and fluorescent nature, which can monitor the delivery of drugs, make them a promising nanocarrier for single or multiple drug delivery. Furthermore, our novel findings revealed that the loading capacity and cytotoxicity of the combined drug-loaded system are superior to the capacity of the individual drug system for human breast cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 7","pages":"943-950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Therapeutic Potential of Nanomedicines by Modifying Surface Characteristics.","authors":"Nisha Gulati,&nbsp;Kamal Dua,&nbsp;Harish Dureja","doi":"10.2174/1567201819666220508175434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567201819666220508175434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanomedicines have been used over time because of their significant impact on human health care for the prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of a wide range of illnesses. Nanomedicines must be adequately characterized in order to develop well-defined nanomedicines with therapeutic value. The surface charge of nanomedicines plays an important role to determine how they interact with biological components where the zeta potential is a useful tool for describing the chemical composition of particle surfaces, such as functional groups, adsorption/desorption, and so on. The main goal of this review is to present an overview of the impact of nanomedicines' surface charges on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and in vivo drug release, for example negatively charged nanoparticles diffuse well through mucus for mucosal drug delivery, whereas positively charged nanoparticles are preferred for transvascular transport, tumor penetration, and cellular absorption. In this review, we also highlight how to improve nanomedicines' therapeutic potential by altering their surface characteristics with the help of various polymers. Future research should be focused on enhancing the therapeutic efficiency of nanomedicines by changing their surface properties, as well as conducting in-depth mechanistic studies by changing the surface properties of nanomedicines for the efficient treatment of diseases with low or no nanomedicine toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"20 8","pages":"1031-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9465183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}