{"title":"The Role of Subcutaneous Furosemide in Heart Failure Management: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Wynne Widiarti, Pandit Bagus Tri Saputra, Melissa Valentina Ariyanto, Cornelia Ghea Savitri, Chaq El Chaq Zamzam Multazam, Johanes Nugroho Eko Putranto, Firas Farisi Alkaff","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02124-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02124-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients with symptomatic congestion often require in-hospital admission for intravenous (IV) diuretic, impacting both patient well-being and healthcare expenses. Subcutaneous (SC) furosemide has a potential to facilitate outpatient management of ADHF patients. Thus, this study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of SC furosemide utilization, offering a potential alternative to traditional IV administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted until April 14 2024 across scientific databases. This review included studies comparing SC furosemide with oral and IV formulations in adult HF patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed 687 patients from 20 studies. The results demonstrate that SC furosemide can effectively manage symptomatic congestion in HF patients and results in significant cost reductions, symptom relief, and improved quality of life. Although further investigation into mortality rates is needed, SC furosemide demonstrates efficacy comparable to IV furosemide in diuresis and weight loss, with similar bioavailability and natriuretic effects. Adverse events are generally minor, predominantly related to skin irritation. Innovative strategies, such as developing isotonic alkaline solutions and improved infusion devices, are being explored to address these challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SC furosemide offers a promising alternative for managing ADHF, particularly in symptomatic HF patients with volume overload. The integration of SC furosemide into routine clinical practice and future guidelines, could optimize the management of HF, reducing hospital admission and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tasveer Khawaja, Matthew Nied, Abigail Wilgor, Ian J Neeland
{"title":"Impact of Visceral and Hepatic Fat on Cardiometabolic Health.","authors":"Tasveer Khawaja, Matthew Nied, Abigail Wilgor, Ian J Neeland","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02127-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02127-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Body fat distribution plays a significant role in the cardiometabolic consequences of obesity. We review the impact of visceral and hepatic fat and highlight important interventions.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Several epidemiologic studies have established a clear association between visceral fat and cardiovascular disease. The association between hepatic fat and cardiovascular disease is less clear with discordant results. Novel evidence demonstrates sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors facilitate modest weight loss and reductions in ectopic fat depots in patient with type 2 diabetes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have been associated with decreased visceral/hepatic fat and reductions in MACE in populations with type 2 diabetes and with overweight/obesity. Clear associations between visceral fat and cardiometabolic outcomes have been established, whereas the impact of hepatic fat remains less clear. Lifestyle modification and pharmacologic interventions remain the initial therapies, while surgical intervention is associated with improved long-term outcomes. Emerging therapies have demonstrated a profound impact on body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sabine Seeler, Kristjan Arnarsson, Martina Dreßen, Markus Krane, Stefanie A Doppler
{"title":"Beyond the Heartbeat: Single-Cell Omics Redefining Cardiovascular Research.","authors":"Sabine Seeler, Kristjan Arnarsson, Martina Dreßen, Markus Krane, Stefanie A Doppler","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02117-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02117-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to explore recent advances in single-cell omics techniques as applied to various regions of the human heart, illuminating cellular diversity, regulatory networks, and disease mechanisms. We examine the contributions of single-cell transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and spatial transcriptomics in unraveling the complexity of cardiac tissues.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent strides in single-cell omics technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the heart's cellular composition, cell type heterogeneity, and molecular dynamics. These advancements have elucidated pathological conditions as well as the cellular landscape in heart development. We highlight emerging applications of integrated single-cell omics, particularly for cardiac regeneration, disease modeling, and precision medicine, and emphasize the transformative potential of these technologies to advance cardiovascular research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stanislav Henkin, Francisco Ujueta, Alyssa Sato, Gregory Piazza
{"title":"Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Evidence, Innovation, and Horizons.","authors":"Stanislav Henkin, Francisco Ujueta, Alyssa Sato, Gregory Piazza","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02128-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-024-02128-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The goal of this review is to discuss the most up-to-date literature on epidemiology, diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of acute PE.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Despite an increase in annual incidence rate of PE in the United States and development of multiple advanced therapies for treatment of acute PE, PE-related mortality is not consistently decreasing across populations. Although multiple risk stratification schemes have been developed, it is still unclear which advanced therapy should be used for the individual patient and optimal timing. Fortunately, multiple randomized clinical trials are underway to answer these questions. Nevertheless, up to 50% of patients have persistent reduced quality of life 6 months after acute PE, termed post-PE syndrome. Despite advances in therapeutic options for management of acute PE, many questions remain unanswered, including optimal risk stratification and management of acute PE.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrícia Bota, Geerthy Thambiraj, Sandeep C Bollepalli, Antonis A Armoundas
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in Cardiovascular Medicine: An Attainable Promise to Improve Patient Outcomes or an Inaccessible Investment?","authors":"Patrícia Bota, Geerthy Thambiraj, Sandeep C Bollepalli, Antonis A Armoundas","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02146-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02146-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This opinion paper highlights the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology for cardiovascular disease (CVD), presents best practices and transformative impacts, and addresses current concerns that must be resolved for broader adoption.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>With the evolution of digitization in data collection, large amounts of data have become available, surpassing the human capacity for processing and analysis, thus enabling the application of AI. These models can learn complex spatial and temporal patterns from large amounts of data, providing patient-specific outputs. These advantages have resulted, at the moment, in more than 900 AI-based devices being approved, today, by regulatory entities, for clinical use, with similar to improved performance and efficiency compared to traditional technologies. However, issues such as model generalization, bias, transparency, interpretability, accountability, and data privacy remain significant barriers for broad adoption of these technologies. AI shows great promise in enhancing CVD care through more accurate and efficient approaches. Yet, widespread adoption is hindered by unresolved concerns of interested stakeholders. Addressing these challenges is crucial for fully integrating AI into clinical practice and shaping the future of CVD prevention, diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jordan Blake Iceton, Alex Haro, Judy Lau, Eri Fukaya
{"title":"Venous Insufficiency: Wound Management.","authors":"Jordan Blake Iceton, Alex Haro, Judy Lau, Eri Fukaya","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02140-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02140-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are one of the most common forms of chronic wounds and with nearly half the people having recurrent episodes, this significantly impacts a patient's quality of life. As such, VLU is a chronic disease that requires lifelong maintenance and awareness. A correct diagnosis of VLU is essential for management.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>VLUs can be of mixed etiology and treatment should be aimed at optimizing the underlying venous hypertension based on its cause. If there is an anatomical venous reflux contributing to the non-healing of the VLU, early treatment of incompetent veins can improve healing rates. All aspects contributing to the patient's ongoing venous hypertension should be addressed to provide appropriate treatment. This can include venous interventions but also through conservative measures. Patient education and their engagement in their own care is essential for good outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Good (Tumor Killing) and the Bad (Cardiovascular Complications) of Immunologic Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Maria T Gamero, Avish Patel, Eugene Storozynsky","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02147-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02147-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review details the significant advancement in knowledge of Immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and its potential deleterious cardiac immune-related adverse effects (irAE). We explore their mechanisms on the cardiac tissue, providing guidance on risk factors, clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies along with treatment.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent findings have provided insights of cardiac irAEs that exist beyond the previously well-known ICI-induced myocarditis. We have a better understanding of the wide variety of cardiac irAEs pathologies both early and late onset. Moreover, there is more data on mechanisms of cardiotoxicity and patient and therapy-related risk factors, supporting closer routine cardiac monitoring with biomarkers and imaging for prevention and early detection. Diagnosing cardiac irAEs is a challenge given its broad clinical presentation. A high-level of suspicion in addition to early work-up is crucial to prevent serious cardiac events. A multi-disciplinary team including Cardiologists and Oncologists is essential for closely monitor patients' cardiac status on ICI therapy. There is a need of updated guidelines to establish clear recommendations in patients on ICIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara Danek, David Elison, Christine J Chung, James M McCabe
{"title":"Transcatheter Myotomy for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Barbara Danek, David Elison, Christine J Chung, James M McCabe","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02145-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02145-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To describe the emerging role of transcatheter septal myotomy in the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Transcatheter septal myotomy was developed to address risk of LVOT obstruction during TMVR, however it has been performed in patients with LVOT obstruction related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in whom it improves symptoms, reduces LVOT gradients, and is associated with low incidence of procedural complications. Transcatheter myotomy is a novel approach to address LVOT obstruction related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in patients who are not favorable surgical candidates. The risk of conduction abnormalities with transcatheter septal myotomy appears low. Research is needed to define optimal patient selection and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhythm-Ready: Harnessing Smart Devices to Detect and Manage Arrhythmias.","authors":"Paishiun Nelson Hsieh, Jagmeet P Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02135-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02135-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To survey recent progress in the application of implantable and wearable sensors to detection and management of cardiac arrhythmias.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Sensor-enabled strategies are critical for the detection, prediction and management of arrhythmias. In the last several years, great innovation has occurred in the types of devices (implanted and wearable) that are available and the data they collect. The integration of artificial intelligence solutions into sensor-enabled strategies has set the stage for a new generation of smart devices that augment the human clinician. Smart devices enhanced by new sensor technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms promise to reshape the care of cardiac arrhythmias.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Shoar, Mostafa Shalaby, Afaq Motiwala, Hani Jneid, Joseph Allencherril
{"title":"Evolving Role of Coronary CT Angiography in Coronary Angiography and Intervention: A State-of-the-Art Review.","authors":"Saeed Shoar, Mostafa Shalaby, Afaq Motiwala, Hani Jneid, Joseph Allencherril","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02144-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02144-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Despite growing evidence supporting the diagnostic utility of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) for anatomical assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD), its is underutilized in peri-procedural planning especially in the acute setting.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Incorporation of flow reserve measurement techniques into CCTA has expanded its sensitivity and specificity for obstructive disease, and continued improvement in CCTA technology permits more accurate cross-sectional plaque characterization. CCTA has the potential to constitute the mainstay of pre-procedural planning for patients with CAD, who are being considered for percutaneous coronary intervention , reducing their ad hoc nature while facilitating equipment selection and improving catheterization lab safety and throughput. Future studies are needed to compare the cost and benefits of more frequent use of routine pre-procedural CCTA prior to coronary angiography and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}