Current Cardiology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Autoimmune Pericarditis: Diagnosis and New Therapeutics.","authors":"Heba Wassif, Elizabeth Ghandakly, Habib Layoun, Jaideep Singh Bhalla, Emily Littlejohn, Tom Kai Ming Wang, Elaine Husni, Allan Klein","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02248-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02248-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide an overview of the diagnosis and updated therapeutic approach to autoimmune pericarditis.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Subtypes of autoimmune pericarditis may benefit from IL-1 inhibition and future phenotyping based on clinical presentation, biomarkers, and imaging may aid in guiding future therapeutic approaches. Autoimmune pericarditis is a unique phenotype of pericarditis for which there is scarce data. The clinical spectrum of pericardial involvement associated with autoimmune disorders varies in acuity, recurrence, severity, and symptomatic presentation. There is a pathophysiologic distinction that separates autoimmune and autoinflammatory pericarditis from other pericarditis presentations. This review explores the state of the art in diagnosis and therapeutic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Embolism in Women in the Era of Expanding Advanced Therapies.","authors":"Ella Ishaaya, Katharine Yang, Jiyoung Seo, Janine Vintch, Jina Chung","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02264-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02264-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To examine sex-specific differences in pulmonary embolism management in the era of expanding advanced therapies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Women with pulmonary embolism demonstrate unique risk profiles and clinical presentations compared to men. Recent advances in pulmonary embolism management, including Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams, catheter-based mechanical thrombectomy, and reduced-dose thrombolytics, have transformed treatment paradigms. In patients presenting with right ventricular dysfunction or hemodynamic instability, timely intervention and optimal treatment selection are crucial. Current literature, mostly retrospective, signals disparities in diagnostic testing, treatment approaches, and outcomes, despite women presenting with higher prognostic risk stratification. Important sex-based differences exist in risk factors, clinical presentations, diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism. While contemporary device trials show balanced female representation, female-specific analyses remain limited. Prospective studies are needed to clarify treatment responses in women and establish evidence-based guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Heart Transplantation: Evolving Trends and Insights.","authors":"Roopa A Rao, Mrudula Munagala, Carrie M Puckett, Susmita Parashar, Mitha Naik, Indranee Rajapreyer","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02266-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02266-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravascular Coronary Imaging Update: Advances, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions.","authors":"Sergio Waxman, Umair Bajwa, Minh Tran","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02243-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02243-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>We sought to review the various intracoronary imaging modalities (intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and near-infrared spectroscopy) and the latest evidence supporting their use in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>There is an increasing body of evidence that demonstrates that imaging-guided strategies are superior to angiography alone to improve outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). An intriguing and promising application is use of these devices to identify and treat high-risk or vulnerable plaques. The application of these modalities in special clinical scenarios is also reviewed. Intravascular imaging provides information beyond the angiogram that can be used to improve patient outcomes during PCI. The emerging evidence has been incorporated into the most recent practice Guideline recommendations. Future research is underway to establish the benefit of intravascular imaging for detection and treatment of vulnerable plaques.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Mental Health on Cardiovascular Disease in Women.","authors":"Ingy Mahana, Karla Asturias-Gonzalez, Pristine Mei, Michele Kalt, Susmita Parashar, Roopa Rao, Lavanya Kondapalli, Olubunkola M Olubi, D Elizabeth Le","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02263-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02263-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Involvement in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.","authors":"Mukunthan Srikantharajah, Deepa Gopalan, Harold Wilson-Morkeh, Salman Siddiqui, Stephen P McAdoo, Taryn Youngstein","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02258-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02258-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review highlights recent advances in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac disease in patients with Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). We outline a diagnostic approach to facilitate early identification of affected patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements in diagnostic techniques including cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) have improved recognition of cardiac disease in patients with EGPA. CMR has demonstrated a high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities, even in the absence of clinical symptoms, electrocardiographic or echocardiographic findings. Cardiac disease is a major cause of mortality in patients with EGPA, accounting for around 50% of disease-related deaths. However, due to the lack of standardised screening and diagnostic criteria, the true incidence remains unknown. Systemic immunosuppressive therapy is warranted to prevent acute complications as well as mitigate the long-term impact of chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Given the challenges in early detection and the prognostic significance of cardiac involvement, we recommend including CMR in the baseline evaluation of all EGPA patients at diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12241301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insomnıa ın Heart Faılure Patıents ın a Hospıtal Settıng: Causes, Consequences, and Interventıons.","authors":"Mehmet Emin Atay, Bahar Çiftçi","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02256-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02256-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores the causes, consequences, and management approaches of hospital-acquired insomnia in patients with heart failure (HF). It examines the key factors contributing to insomnia in hospitalized HF patients, its impact on health outcomes, and effective management strategies to address the issue.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent research highlights that environmental factors (such as noise, lighting, and medical interventions) and clinical symptoms (including dyspnea and nocturia) significantly contribute to insomnia in hospitalized HF patients. Insomnia exacerbates HF symptoms, increasing hospitalization rates, healthcare costs, and the risk of cardiovascular complications. Non-pharmacological interventions have improved sleep quality and overall well-being, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), sleep hygiene education, and supervised exercise programs. Hospital-acquired insomnia negatively affects both the physical and psychosocial health of HF patients. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. Nurses play a crucial role in implementing sleep-promoting interventions. Creating a hospital environment that supports sleep, raising healthcare professionals' awareness, and integrating evidence-based interventions can enhance recovery outcomes. Future research should focus on long-term studies evaluating the efficacy of insomnia management strategies in HF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Estimates Using the New Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events Equations: Implications for Statin Use.","authors":"Asma Rayani, Garima Sharma, Jared A Spitz","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02244-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02244-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) continues to remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Risk estimation is fundamental for primary prevention by ensuring that interventions such as lipid lowering or antihypertensive therapy are targeted towards the populations that would most benefit from their use. The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), developed in 2013 by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA), have been extensively applied to ASCVD risk estimation. However, limitations posed by the PCE include, but are not limited to, race-based adjustments, overdependence on age, limited generalizability, and the development of larger epidemiologic cohorts, all of which eventually necessitated the development of the Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease EVENTs (PREVENT) equations. The PREVENT equations are intended to address the limitations posed by the former equations by expanding the applicable age range, including additional risk factors, and providing 10- and 30-year predictions for cardiovascular disease (CVD), ASCVD, and heart failure (HF). The purpose of this review is to evaluate the rationale for risk estimation, the evolution of cardiovascular risk prediction tools, the derivation and limitations surrounding PREVENT, and its potential implications for recommendations regarding preventive therapy initiation and continuation. Further, this review elects to focus on the outcome of ASCVD and not discuss HF.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Analysis of the PREVENT equation, especially in comparison to the PCE, shows that PREVENT leads to lower predicted risk and therefore lower provision of preventive therapies, including reducing statin eligibility by 17.3 million U.S. adults. This review summarizes the recent data regarding the changes in risk stratification, the potential changes in preventive treatment allocation, and some of the limitations that arise from the new risk prediction equations. While the PREVENT equations are an improvement in cardiovascular risk prediction, their impact on treatment raises questions that will need to be carefully studied as PREVENT is implemented in clinical practice. Future studies will need to evaluate the clinical impact of PREVENT across diverse populations and ascertain the impact on preventive care and cardiovascular outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelin Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Hypertension: Recent Data from Clinical Trials and Implementation Approach.","authors":"Revathy Manickavasagar, Anoushka Krishnan, Omar Azzam, Markus P Schlaich","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02262-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11886-025-02262-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The endothelin system is a highly relevant component of the pathophysiology of hypertension, which is currently unopposed by existing treatment approaches. We examined the role of dual endothelin receptor antagonists in the treatment of resistant hypertension.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The recent PRECISION trial demonstrated significant blood pressure lowering effect with the use of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist aprocitentan in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Aprocitentan was shown to be particularly effective in patients over 75 years of age, African-American patients, and patients with diabetes and advanced CKD. There was also a decrease in proteinuria. Aprocitentan was well tolerated and the risk of fluid retention can be mitigated by close clinical monitoring and titration of diuretic therapy. Aprocitentan presents a novel treatment option for resistant hypertension, with particular efficacy noted in patient cohorts who have historically been challenging to achieve blood pressure targets in.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lp(a): Global Public Health Concern: Emerging Knowledge and Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Alexander C Razavi, Jessica Hong, Harpreet S Bhatia","doi":"10.1007/s11886-025-02255-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02255-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein that is a genetic causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and calcific aortic valve disease. This review focuses on new findings and treatment approaches for individuals with elevated Lp(a) across the spectrum of ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>One in five individuals globally have elevated Lp(a) (> 125 nmol/L or > 50 mg/dL). Emerging knowledge related to Lp(a) includes demonstration of poor rates of Lp(a) testing, comparison of methods for Lp(a) measurement, natural variability in Lp(a) levels, the continuous association between Lp(a) and ASCVD risk, atherogenicity in comparison with LDL, risk in context of other risk factors, coronary plaque characteristics, and the association of Lp(a) with a broader range of outcomes. Optimal risk factor control, including LDL-cholesterol lowering, is a cornerstone of management. When indicated, shared decision-making to discuss antiplatelet therapy for individuals with very-high Lp(a) may also be helpful. Several Lp(a)-lowering therapies are under investigation in ASCVD outcome trials. While Lp(a) is a well-established risk factor for ASCVD, there are several areas of growing knowledge related to Lp(a), and management strategies of individuals with elevated Lp(a) continue to evolve with targeted therapies currently in late-stage clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":10829,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}