Current Medical Research and Opinion最新文献

{"title":"Patterns of healthcare visits and vaccination among adolescents and young adults 16-23-years-old: a retrospective US claims database analysis.","authors":"Oscar Herrera-Restrepo, Jasjit K Multani, Zifan Zhou, Queenie Paltanwale, Tosin Olaiya, Anna D Coutinho, Rajeev B Shah, Chi-Chang Chen","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556983","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Several vaccines are recommended for 16-23-year-olds in the United States, but coverage varies widely across these vaccines. Previous studies have indicated that routine healthcare visits are associated with vaccination uptake. This study aimed to describe healthcare visit patterns among 16-23-year-olds to identify challenges and inform opportunities to reach adolescents and young adults for vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive, retrospective database analysis was conducted of commercially insured and Medicaid-insured 16-23-year-olds from 2019-2022 using IQVIA's PharMetrics^® Plus claims database and open-source Longitudinal Prescription/Medical claims databases. The proportion of 16-23-year-olds with healthcare provider (HCP) visits, visit types, provider types involved, visits including vaccination, and specific vaccines delivered were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, 68.2% of commercially insured 16-23-year-olds had ≥1 HCP visit. Most commercially insured and Medicaid-insured individuals with ≥1 HCP visit had sick visits (72.9-80.6%). The proportion of individuals with preventative visits was lower as age increased (commercially insured: 73.2% at 16, 67.4% at 18, 56.3% at 19, and 45.3% at 23 years). Lower proportions of individuals with preventative visits with increasing age were also seen among Medicaid-insured individuals, ranging from 53.7% at 16 years to 28.0% at 23 years. Among 16-18-year-olds with ≥1 HCP or pharmacy visit in 2022, 52.6% in the commercial cohort and 33.0% in the Medicaid cohort had ≥1 visit that involved vaccination; for 19-23-year-olds, these proportions were 34.5% and 25.6%, respectively. Vaccination rates by vaccine type were largely aligned with the ages specified by recommendations, but nonetheless were low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one-third of commercially insured 16-23-year-olds did not have an annual HCP visit, and among commercially insured and Medicaid-insured individuals who did have visits, a substantial proportion did not have preventative visits; this proportion was higher with increasing age. The proportions of visits with vaccination were particularly low for 19-23-year-olds. Targeted interventions to promote routine visits, including framing these as opportunities for immunization, may help to increase vaccination uptake; based on the findings of this analysis, these efforts should consider age-specific shifts in health-seeking behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1573-1587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of molnupiravir for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic literature review of real-world observational studies.","authors":"Samantha G Bromfield, Ramu Periyasamy, Veeri Rajendra Babu, Amy Puenpatom, Deanna D Hill","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2551227","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2551227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Molnupiravir (MOV), an oral antiviral, is prescribed to treat adult patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 at risk of progressing to severe disease. Previous systematic literature reviews (SLRs) have evaluated the effectiveness of MOV in the general population; however, evidence on high-risk population is lacking. This SLR assessed the real-world effectiveness of MOV for reducing the progression to severe COVID-19 outcomes in clinical settings, including high-risk or special populations (such as patients with type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, immunocompromised conditions, older adults, and nursing home residents) who have limited alternative COVID-19 treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched EMBASE and PubMed databases for studies published between 1 January 2021 and 24 May 2024, using predefined search terms related to MOV. Studies comparing MOV-treated with untreated groups of non-hospitalized adults at risk of progression to severe COVID-19 outcomes (hospitalization, death, and the composite of hospitalization/death) were included. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one general and special population studies were included. General population studies (<i>n</i> = 16) showed that MOV reduced the risk of death, hospitalization, and hospitalization/death. Special population studies (<i>n</i> = 10; five additional and five general population articles with subgroups of interest) also showed that MOV reduced the risk of the same outcomes, with a more pronounced effect in older adults (≥60 years). The wide range of risk reduction observed might be attributed to variability in COVID-19 hospitalization guidelines and vaccination status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this SLR suggest that MOV may reduce the risk of hospitalization, death, and hospitalization/death compared with untreated groups, including high-risk adults with underlying comorbidities. Further studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of MOV in high-risk or special populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1417-1438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of patient-reported depression severity in subpopulation of ESCAPE-TRD study: esketamine nasal spray versus quetiapine extended release for treatment-resistant depression.","authors":"Kristin Clemens, Benoit Rive, Kruti Joshi, Pushpike Thilakarathne, Noam Kirson, Urvi Desai, Jason Doran, Diab Eid, Alice Qu, Yordan Godinov","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2555483","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2555483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>ESCAPE-TRD, a randomized phase 3b trial, compares the efficacy and safety of esketamine nasal spray (NS) and extended-release (XR) quetiapine, both in combination with ongoing oral antidepressant (OAD) treatment, among individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although prior analyses used the clinician-rated MADRS, the comparative efficacy of esketamine NS vs. quetiapine XR using a patient-reported instrument to assess TRD severity among a subgroup treated according to US label is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ESCAPE-TRD data were evaluated using the patient-rated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) instrument for individuals receiving treatment consistent with US prescribing information (NCT04338321). The main outcome was remission at weeks 8 and 32. Additional outcomes included response, time to first remission, time to first response, time to confirmed remission, time to confirmed response, and change in PHQ-9 score from baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly higher proportion of individuals in the esketamine NS group than in the quetiapine XR group achieved remission and response at week 8 (remission: 19.3% vs. 12.2%; RD [95% CI]: 7.1% [1.5%, 12.8%]; <i>p</i> = 0.013; response: 49.4% vs. 32.8%, RD [95% CI]:16.6% [9.0%, 24.1%]; <i>p</i> < 0.001). At 32 weeks, a significantly higher proportion of individuals in the esketamine NS group achieved remission and response compared to the quetiapine XR group (remission: 34.8% vs. 18.1%, RD [95% CI]: 16.7% [9.9%, 23.4%]; <i>p</i> < 0.001; response: 58.9% vs. 40.3%, RD [95% CI]:18.5% [10.9%, 26.2%]; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using patient-reported PHQ-9 scoring to evaluate ESCAPE-TRD results, esketamine NS produced superior short- and long-term efficacy vs. quetiapine XR among individuals with TRD treated according to US label.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1549-1557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and management of patients with renal anaemia treated with daprodustat: an observational study in Japan.","authors":"Masashi Takano, Kazuko Suzuki, Sakiyo Tsukamoto, Yasuo Nakajima, Hirofumi Ozeki, Masao Yarita, Ai Hayashi","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556321","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>HIF-PHI inhibitors, including daprodustat, have expanded treatment options for patients with renal anaemia in Japan. This analysis examines real-world utilization of daprodustat in Japan, for which data are currently lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and management of renal anaemia in individuals aged >15 years who were treated with daprodustat between 1 August 2020 and 1 July 2023 using an anonymized electronic medical record database. Patients were assigned to dialysis-dependent (DD) and nondialysis-dependent (ND) cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 1299 patients (111 DD cohort; 1188 ND cohort). Mean age was 71.0 and 79.2 years in the DD and ND cohorts, respectively. In both cohorts, hypertension, heart failure, oesophageal gastric erosion, and type 2 diabetes mellitus were frequent comorbidities. In the DD cohort, 31.5% of patients had Hb levels of 9-10 g/dL at baseline and in the ND cohort 35.9% had Hb levels <9 g/dL at baseline. Prior to the index date, 72 patients in the DD cohort (64.9%) and 635 patients (53.5%) in the ND cohort were treated for anaemia. In patients who switched from erythropoiesis-stimulating agents to daprodustat, mean haemoglobin increased from 9.9 g/dL at baseline to 10.8 g/dL in the DD cohort (<i>n</i> = 23; Wilcoxon sign-ranked test [WSRT] <i>p</i> = 0.0148) and from 9.6 g/dL at baseline to 10.4 g/dL in the ND cohort (<i>n</i> = 92; WSRT <i>p</i> < 0.0001) 28 weeks after daprodustat initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately a third (DD) to almost half (ND) of patients with renal anaemia were not receiving treatment for anaemia. An increase in haemoglobin levels was observed after initiation of daprodustat, including in patients previously treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, however causality cannot be confirmed due to lack of a control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1465-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brexpiprazole for anxiety symptoms in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of short- and long-term trials.","authors":"Zahinoor Ismail, Shivani Kapadia, Anton M Palma, Murat Yildirim, Anja Farovik","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2552286","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2552286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>For people with schizophrenia and their caregivers, anxiety is among the top symptoms for which they would like an effective treatment. The aims of this <i>post hoc</i> analysis of clinical trial data were to characterize the efficacy, safety and tolerability of brexpiprazole on anxiety symptoms in adults with schizophrenia, and to investigate the relationships between anxiety symptoms, functioning, and patient life engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were pooled for brexpiprazole 2-4 mg/day and placebo from three six-week, randomized, double-blind trials of brexpiprazole in adult inpatients with schizophrenia (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01396421, NCT01393613, NCT01810380) and for brexpiprazole 1-4 mg/day from two 52-week, open-label extension trials (NCT01397786, NCT01810783). People with comorbid anxiety disorders were not enrolled. In this <i>post hoc</i> analysis, anxiety was measured by a single item (G2) of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), functioning was measured by the Personal and Social Performance scale, and patient life engagement was measured by a 14-item PANSS subset. Least squares mean changes from baseline were calculated using a mixed model for repeated measures. Anxiety response was defined using two definitions: (1) PANSS G2 improvement of ≥1 point (a clinically interpretable score change) from baseline to Week 6, and (2) PANSS G2 score of <3 points (anxiety symptoms reduced to \"minimal\" or \"absent\") at Week 6 for the subgroup who had anxiety at baseline (G2 score ≥3). This was an exploratory, hypothesis-generating analysis with no correction for multiple comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anxiety at baseline (G2 score ≥3) was present in 763/868 (87.9%) participants on brexpiprazole, and 449/517 (86.8%) on placebo. At Week 6, least squares mean change from baseline in G2 score favored brexpiprazole versus placebo: mean difference, -0.19; 95% confidence interval, -0.33 to -0.06; <i>p</i> = .005; Cohen's <i>d</i> effect size, 0.19. Anxiety response for brexpiprazole and placebo, respectively, was shown in 547/863 (63.4%) and 291/515 (56.5%) participants (<i>p</i> = .012; response definition 1), and 283/541 (52.3%) and 135/303 (44.6%) participants (<i>p</i> = .036; response definition 2). Functioning and patient life engagement improved regardless of whether participants' anxiety improved. Long-term data suggested maintenance of treatment effects. Adverse events were consistent with prior analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exploratory analyses suggest that brexpiprazole may help in the management of anxiety symptoms, functioning, and patient life engagement - important outcomes for people with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1535-1548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported efficacy of adjunctive brexpiprazole in major depressive disorder in a phase 4, open-label, interventional study.","authors":"François Therrien, Pratap Chokka, Jeffrey Habert, Zahinoor Ismail, Roger S McIntyre, Jennifer Dine, T Michelle Brown, Zhen Zhang, Erin M MacKenzie, Caroline L Ward","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2558140","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2558140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In ENGAGE, patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) demonstrated improvements in patient-reported depression and life engagement while taking adjunctive brexpiprazole. This analysis aimed to further characterize patient perspectives on the effects of adjunctive brexpiprazole, using patient diary data from ENGAGE, and describe the development of a 'word of the day' activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prior to ENGAGE, word lists describing a 'good,' 'average,' and 'bad' day with depression were generated from semi-structured interviews with patients with MDD. ENGAGE (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04830215) was an 8-week, phase 4, single-arm, open-label study of adjunctive brexpiprazole 0.5-2 mg/day in patients with MDD and inadequate response to antidepressant treatment. Patient diaries were completed periodically at home, comprising the Patient Global Impression - Severity of illness (PGI-S), Patient Global Impression - Improvement (PGI-I), and a 'word of the day' activity in which patients selected one word to describe how they felt that day. This analysis evaluated mean change in PGI-S scores (mixed model for repeated measures), mean PGI-I scores (descriptive statistics), PGI-S response and PGI-S sustained response (Kaplan-Meier), PGI-I response (normal approximation), and 'word of the day' (descriptive statistics).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the interviews, 20 patients used 132 words to describe living with depression. Five words of each valence (positive, neutral, negative) were selected for ENGAGE. 122 patients were enrolled in ENGAGE; 120 had evaluable diary data. PGI-S score improved from baseline to week 8 (least squares mean change [standard error]: -1.5 [0.2]; nominal <i>p</i> < 0.001; effect size: 1.04). PGI-I scores at week 8 indicated 'minimal improvement' to 'much improvement' (mean [standard deviation]: 2.6 [1.1]). At week 8, rates of PGI-S response, sustained PGI-S response, and PGI-I response were 86.0% (95% confidence interval: 77.1, 92.8), 67.9% (54.5, 80.6), and 47.1% (38.1, 56.0), respectively. On 'word of the day,' the proportion of positive and neutral words increased from baseline to week 8, and the proportion of negative words decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient-reported diary data revealed early and sustained improvements in depressive symptom severity during 8 weeks of adjunctive brexpiprazole treatment. 'Word of the day' may be an effective qualitative tool for future trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1511-1522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced guidance on artificial intelligence for medical publication and communication professionals.","authors":"Keith Goldman, Valerie Moss, Stephen Griffiths, Chirag Jay Patel, Gary Dorrell, Amy Foreman-Wykert, Monica Mody, Jason Gardner, Andy Shepherd, Matt Lewis","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556012","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2556012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Society for Medical Publication Professionals (ISMPP) position statement and call to action on the use of artificial intelligence (AI), published in 2024, recognized the value of AI while advocating for best practices to guide its use. In this commentary, we offer enhanced guidance on the call to action for ISMPP members and other medical communication professionals on the topics of education and training, implementation and use, and advocacy and community engagement. With AI rapidly revolutionizing scientific communication, members should stay up to date with advancements in the field by completing AI training courses, engaging with ISMPP AI education and training and other external training platforms, developing a practice of lifelong learning, and improving AI literacy. Members can successfully integrate and use AI by complying with organizational policies, ensuring fair access to AI models, complying with authorship guidance, properly disclosing the use of AI models or tools, respecting academic integrity and copyright restrictions, and understanding privacy protections. Members also need to be familiar with the systemic problem of bias with large language models, which can reinforce health inequities, as well as the limits of transparency and explainability with AI models, which can undermine source verification, bias detection, and even scientific integrity. AI models can produce hallucinations, results that are factually incorrect, irrelevant, or nonsensical, which is why all outputs from AI models should be reviewed and verified for accuracy by humans. With respect to advocacy and community engagement, members should advocate for the responsible use of AI, participate in developing AI policy and governance, work with underserved communities to get access to AI tools, and share findings for AI use cases or research results in peer-reviewed journals, conferences, and other professional platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease burden, comorbidities, and treatment patterns of patients with multiple myeloma in Dubai: a retrospective analysis of the Dubai real-world claims database.","authors":"Faraz Khan, Mohamed Farghaly, Ali Aljabban, Mostafa Zayed, Kumaresan Subramanyam, Badarinath Chickballapur Ramachandrachar","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2560656","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2560656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the disease burden, comorbidities, specialties consulted, and treatment pattern, in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from the Dubai Real-World Claims Database (DRWD) from 01 January 2014 to 30 June 2023. Patients with at least one diagnosis claim for MM and continuous enrollment were included. Patients were stratified into 3 cohorts, based on their most recent treatment response status; Not achieved remission, Remission and Relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,126 MM patients, most were aged 40-60 years. Not achieved remission was the predominant cohort with 431 patients. The number of new and reported MM patients ranged between 2.6 to 4.2 and 2.9 to 4.7 per 100,000 population, respectively, during the index period. The most prevalent comorbidities were diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (88.3%), followed by renal disease (27.9%), neuropathy (24.6%), and infections (24.0%). Only 34.1% (<i>n</i> = 251) of patients received MM treatment; 35 had undergone bone marrow transplantation and 153 had received systemic treatment. The most common regimen was bortezomib combined with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone or dexamethasone alone in 33% of the non-transplant and 50% of transplant patients. Most patients consulted internal medicine (28.7%), oncology (19.7%), and hematology (15.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the increasing trend in the disease burden and gaps in treatment patterns in patients with MM, using real-world data from Dubai-a region with a large expatriate population. Study findings emphasize the need for health policies that prioritize the establishment of patient registries and the development of subsidized care pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1407-1416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145052147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective claims analysis of the epidemiology and economic burden of diagnosed congenital cytomegalovirus in Japan.","authors":"Philip O Buck, Debbie Goldschmidt, Annika Anderson, Noam Kirson, Urvi Desai, John Diaz-Decaro","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2554734","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2554734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is a leading infectious cause of birth defects; approximately 20%-25% of infants with cCMV develop long-term health complications including hearing loss, microcephaly, and developmental issues. This study assessed the epidemiology and burden of clinically diagnosed cCMV in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Insurance claims from the Japan Medical Data Center database (2011-2020) were analyzed retrospectively. Infants were included in the cCMV cohort if their first diagnosis (index date) of cCMV or CMV was within the birth/following month and had ≥24 months of continuous health plan enrollment post-index (study period). They were matched 1:1 to non-cCMV controls on sex, birth year, and index year. Birth prevalence was calculated annually through 2019. Healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs in 2023 Japanese Yen were summarized for the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Birth prevalence of diagnosed cCMV during 2011-2019 ranged from 6.88-22.56 per 100,000 births. 121 matched pairs were included in the burden analysis. The mean number of medical encounters was significantly greater for infants with cCMV than controls in year one post-index (14.6 vs. 11.3, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), driven by outpatient encounters. Infants with cCMV were more likely than controls to have an inpatient admission in the first two years of life. Mean medical costs were significantly greater for infants with cCMV than controls in year one (¥1.6 M vs. ¥378K) and year two (¥483K vs. ¥194K).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infants diagnosed with cCMV in Japan had, on average, substantially higher HRU and healthcare cost burden than non-cCMV controls in the first two years of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1439-1449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering patients through pharmacovigilance, transparency, and health literacy: a narrative review.","authors":"Magdia De Jesus, Golam Rabbani, Bertha Ferrer, Annlouise R Assaf, Mehnaz Bader, Brett R South, David P Leventhal, Paula Boyles, Stephen J Watt, Aida Habtezion","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2534468","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2534468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the intersection of pharmacovigilance (PV), Participant Data Return (PDR), and health literacy lies a social contract in healthcare. This implicit agreement reflects the shared responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers, and patients to protect individual rights while promoting collective well-being. PV, PDR, and health literacy form a triad that ensures patients are not only protected but actively informed and engaged in their healthcare journey, fostering transparency, trust, and empowerment. PV, as a cornerstone of drug safety, upholds this social contract by continuously monitoring, identifying, and mitigating adverse reactions through collaboration with patients and healthcare providers. By encouraging patient participation in adverse event reporting, PV systems strengthen safety surveillance and reinforce the reciprocal nature of trust and accountability in healthcare. PDR strengthens this relationship by promoting ethical transparency in clinical trials. It gives participants access to their own data, supporting informed decisions and increasing public confidence in research. Health literacy empowers individuals by helping them understand and act upon health information. By leveraging tools and strategies that simplify complex medical data, pharmaceutical companies fulfill their responsibility to equip patients with the knowledge to make informed healthcare decisions. In doing so, all three honor the social contract by fostering equitable access to information and promoting patient-centered care. This manuscript highlights how PV, PDR, and health literacy work together to uphold ethical healthcare practices. Each contributes to a system built on trust, transparency, and shared responsibility; core values that reinforce positive patient outcomes and the foundation of a fair, effective healthcare ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1249-1259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}