Current Medical Research and Opinion最新文献

{"title":"The impact of allergic rhinitis on future educational outcomes: a Danish real-world register study.","authors":"Signe Voss Vahlkvist, Mercedes Romano Rodriguez, Mikkel Pedersen, Thomas Houmann Petersen","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2452518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2025.2452518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The symptom burden associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) negatively impacts the life of people living with the condition. Although the impact of AR on educational outcomes and the effect of AR-relieving medication have been investigated, the availability of up-to-date, population-based, real-world evidence is limited. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the impact of AR and AR-relieving medication on educational outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A register-based study was conducted using Danish registers. Educational outcomes were defined as the average 9th-grade final grade. Individuals diagnosed with AR before the age of 13, born between 1986 and 2006, and with observed final examination grades were included as cases. To investigate the impact of AR-relieving medication, cases were stratified by medication use. The impact of AR was estimated through a comparison of individuals with AR to their sibling with no history of AR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>52,808 cases were included (33,035 with siblings). Cases with no filled prescriptions of AR-relieving medication in their final examination year had an average grade of 7.09. Cases with a minimum of one collection had a higher average. Cases initiated on AIT had an average test score that was 0.60 points higher than cases with no filled prescriptions of aH or INCs in the final examination year. The average grade among cases with paired siblings was 7.29 whilst their siblings had an average grade that was -0.04 lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the Danish context, AR does not affect educational outcomes; however, more frequent use of AR-relieving medications is associated with better educational outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into AI advances in immunohistochemistry for effective breast cancer treatment: a literature review of ER, PR, and HER2 scoring.","authors":"Genevieve Chyrmang, Kangkana Bora, Anup Kr Das, Gazi N Ahmed, Lopamudra Kakoti","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2445142","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2445142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is a significant health challenge, with accurate and timely diagnosis being critical to effective treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining is a widely used technique for the evaluation of breast cancer markers, but manual scoring is time-consuming and can be subject to variability. With the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is an increasing interest in using machine learning and deep learning approaches to automate the scoring of ER, PR, and HER2 biomarkers in IHC-stained images for effective treatment. This narrative literature review focuses on AI-based techniques for the automated scoring of breast cancer markers in IHC-stained images, specifically Allred, Histochemical (H-Score) and HER2 scoring. We aim to identify the current state-of-the-art approaches, challenges, and potential future research prospects for this area of study. By conducting a comprehensive review of the existing literature, we aim to contribute to the ultimate goal of improving the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia: <i>post hoc</i> analysis of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale data.","authors":"Zahinoor Ismail, Stine Rasmussen Meehan, Anja Farovik, Shivani Kapadia, Anton M Palma, Zhen Zhang, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2440059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2440059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia value improved life engagement, a term that describes positive health aspects across emotional, physical, social, and cognitive domains. This <i>post hoc</i> analysis of clinical trial data aimed to investigate the effect of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia over the short and long term.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were pooled from three 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01396421, NCT01393613, NCT01810380; <i>N</i> = 1385) and two 52-week, open-label extension studies (NCT01397786, NCT01810783; <i>N</i> = 408) of brexpiprazole in adults with schizophrenia. Patient life engagement was measured using a subset of 14 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale items (score range: 14 [best] to 98 [worst]) that has previously demonstrated content validity. Mean score changes and response rates (based on minimal clinically important difference estimates of ≥5 and ≥10 points) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater improvement in patient life engagement from baseline to Week 6 was observed for brexpiprazole 2-4 mg/day (least squares mean [standard error] change: -8.3 [0.3]; <i>n</i> = 868) versus placebo (-5.7 [0.4]; <i>n</i> = 517), with a least squares mean difference of -2.58 (95% confidence interval: -3.57 to -1.58; <i>p</i> < 0.001; Cohen's <i>d</i> effect size: 0.28). These improvements were maintained over 58 weeks on brexpiprazole 1-4 mg/day (<i>n</i> = 399). At Week 6, response rates among patients treated with brexpiprazole versus placebo were 71.6% versus 58.0% (≥5-point improvement; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 43.5% versus 32.8% (≥10-point improvement; <i>p</i> < 0.001). At Week 58 (<i>n</i> = 179), response rates among patients treated with brexpiprazole were 90.5% (≥5-point improvement) and 78.2% (≥10-point improvement).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Beyond its efficacy on psychotic symptoms, brexpiprazole has the potential to improve patient life engagement - an important patient-centered outcome in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addendum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2445962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2445962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citation patterns of Cochrane Reviews and other systematic reviews: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Louise Olsbro Rosengaard, Mikkel Zola Andersen, Jacob Rosenberg, Siv Fonnes","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2442045","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2442045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of systematic reviews is increasing rapidly. Several methodologies exist for systematic reviews. Cochrane Reviews follow distinct methods to ensure they provide the most reliable and robust evidence, ideally based on rigorous evaluations of randomized controlled trials and other high-quality studies. We aimed to examine the difference in citation patterns of Cochrane Reviews and other systematic reviews.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews indexed in PubMed from 1993 to 2022. We collected data on citations from The Lens from 1993 to 2023, thus having at least 1-year follow-up on citations. The reviews were linked through their PubMed identifier. Comparisons between the Cochrane Reviews and other systematic reviews included total citations per review, reviews with zero citations, and the time window within which they receive citations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 10,086 Cochrane Reviews and 231,074 other systematic reviews. Other systematic reviews received significantly more citations than Cochrane Reviews from 1993 to 2007. From 1993 to 1997, the median difference was 80 citations (95% CI = 79.6-80.4). From 2008 and forward, the overall number of citations was similar between Cochrane Reviews and other systematic reviews (2018-2022: median difference <b>=</b> 5 [95% CI <b>=</b> 4.9-5.1] in favor of Cochrane Reviews; <i>p</i> = 0.83). Systematic reviews with zero citations were rare in both groups, but it was observed more often among other systematic reviews than Cochrane Reviews. Over the last 30 years, the time window in which all reviews received citations narrowed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In recent years, Cochrane Reviews and other systematic reviews had similar citation patterns, but other systematic reviews received more citations from 1993 to 2007. Other systematic reviews were more often never cited than Cochrane Reviews, and potentially wasted. The time window in which systematic reviews received citations has been progressively decreasing, possibly indicating a trend toward quicker recognition and uptake of these reviews within the academic community. Cochrane reviews aim to provide robust evidence, but this is not reflected in the citation metrics compared to other systematic reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perspectives and knowledge of patients with cancer on mpox and mpox vaccination: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Taha Koray Sahin, Yunus Kaygusuz, Mehmet Cihan İcli, Sercan Aksoy, Deniz Can Guven","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2445757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2445757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The recent outbreak of monkeypox (mpox) poses significant public health challenges, particularly for immunocompromised populations such as patients with cancer. However, misinformation poses a significant challenge during new outbreaks for patients with chronic diseases, as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to assess perspectives and knowledge of patients with cancer on mpox and their willingness to receive mpox vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with cancer using a structured questionnaire. The survey encompassed sociodemographic data, mpox knowledge, attitudes towards vaccination, and willingness to mpox vaccination. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of vaccination willingness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 275 patients were included. A significant majority (73.1%) of respondents wanted to learn more about mpox, and 33.8% were confident in global efforts to control the outbreak. 69.1% of the patients were unwilling to receive the mpox vaccine, mainly due to safety concerns and the interference with the anti-cancer treatment. In multivariable analysis, younger age (<65 years) (OR = 1.836, 95% CI:1.030-3.271, <i>p</i> = 0.039), information about mpox before (OR = 1.899, 95% CI:1.104-3.268, <i>p</i> = 0.021) and good knowledge about mpox (OR = 1.968, 95% CI:1.118-3.465, <i>p</i> = 0.019) were significant predictors of willingness to vaccinate against mpox.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A substantial proportion of cancer patients in Turkey are hesitant to receive the mpox vaccine, primarily due to concerns about safety and its implications for cancer treatment. Targeted educational interventions that address these specific concerns and enhance understanding of the benefits of vaccination are critical to improving vaccine uptake in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the different stages of type 1 diabetes and their management: a plain language summary.","authors":"Daniel J Moore, Natasha I Leibel, William Polonsky, Henry Rodriguez","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2436984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2436984","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dapagliflozin reduces the white coat effect on systolic blood pressure of patients with type 2 diabetes: a <i>post-hoc</i> analysis from the ADDENDA-BHS 2 trial.","authors":"Pamela Nogueira Cavalcante, Joaquim Barreto, Sheila T Kimura-Medorima, Ikaro Breder, Wilson Nadruz, Andrei C Sposito","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2442040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2442040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White coat effect (WCE) is a phenomenon linked to increased cardiovascular risk, where office blood pressure readings exceed home or ambulatory measurements. Excess weight and elevated blood pressure or glucose are associated with WCE in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study compared dapagliflozin and glibenclamide on WCE in T2D patients under equivalent blood pressure and glucose control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This <i>post-hoc</i> analysis of the ADDENDA-BHS2 trial enrolled T2D patients with high cardiovascular risk, defined by stable coronary artery disease or subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. This single-center, open-label, randomized trial included 98 participants, randomized to 12 weeks of dapagliflozin or glibenclamide, in addition to metformin. Baseline blood pressure and glucose control were adjusted to maintain equivalence. This analysis focused on 85 participants with pre- and post-treatment 24-h ambulatory blood pressure data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite blood pressure and glucose control, WCE was present in 28% of participants at baseline. Baseline-adjusted change in WCE on systolic BP showed median changes of -8.6 and 1.7 mmHg for dapagliflozin and glibenclamide groups, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.048). This effect was not observed on diastolic blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dapagliflozin reduces WCE on systolic blood pressure compared to glibenclamide, even under equivalent blood pressure and glucose control.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered at the Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT: 02919345).</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics, blood counts, treatments, and clinical outcomes of 5871 patients with polycythemia vera treated in US community practices.","authors":"Roger M Lyons, Kathleen M Aguilar, Lavanya Sudharshan, Divea Venkatasetty, Juliet Ndukum, Ira Zackon, Jingbo Yu","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2438996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2438996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics-including blood counts and pharmacologic cytoreductive treatment patterns-and outcomes after 6 months of hydroxyurea (HU) treatment among patients with polycythemia vera (PV) in US community practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included adult patients with a PV diagnosis (1JAN2008-31JAN2020) and ≥2 postdiagnosis visits in the iKnowMed electronic health record database (US Oncology Network and non-Network clinics). Suboptimal HU response required ≥1 criterion after ≥3 months of treatment: white blood cell count (WBC) >10 × 10⁹/L, platelet count >400 × 10⁹/L, and/or hematocrit >45%. Patient characteristics were summarized from structured data using descriptive statistics; overall survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5871 patients, mean age at diagnosis was 66.1 years (69.8% ≥60 years); 67.2, 59.4, 38.2, and 33.9% of patients had elevated hematocrit, hemoglobin, WBC, and platelets, respectively; 6.1% had a previous thrombotic event. Of 4185 (71.3%) high-risk and 1675 low-risk patients, 55.0 and 32.0% received pharmacologic cytoreductive treatment, most commonly HU (89.8 and 88.9%). After 6 months of pharmacologic cytoreductive treatment, 56.9% had a suboptimal response. Five-year survival probability was 81.5 and 84.3% among patients with suboptimal and optimal responses to HU, respectively, which was not statistically different but suggests potential for survival benefits with longer follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly half of high-risk patients with PV did not receive pharmacologic cytoreductive treatment. Of those who did, over half had suboptimal response, suggesting these patients may need dose adjustments, improved adverse effect management, or alternative treatments. Longer follow-up may be needed to assess an association between HU response and survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earlier diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in primary care in Latin America using a simple screening tool (ACT).","authors":"Hoda Gad, Jose Luis Dinamarca, Pablo Fletcher, Chih Hao Chen Ku, Ruy Lira, John Longa, Carlos Mendivil, Leonardo Palacios, Hermelinda Pedrosa, Luis Miguel Román Pintos, Carlos Solis, Rayaz A Malik","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2443109","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2024.2443109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) can significantly impair quality of life, but often remains undiagnosed due to limited clinic time, lack of specialist expertise and lack of patient awareness. There are several validated questionnaires for diagnosing PN, but the time taken to administer them in busy primary care clinics limits their utilization. A new, simpler questionnaire was developed following an advisory board meeting in Southeast Asia and was further refined and translated to Portuguese and Spanish following a second advisory board meeting in Latin America. We consider current hurdles and propose a quick and reliable questionnaire that can be widely adopted to enable earlier diagnosis and improved management of PN in resource-limited settings in Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}