Current Medical Research and Opinion最新文献

{"title":"Prompt initiation of single-inhaler budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BGF) following a COPD exacerbation reduces exacerbations and cardiopulmonary risk in patients with COPD: insights from the MITOS EROS+CP study in the United States.","authors":"Michael Pollack, Joseph Tkacz, Jill Schinkel, Barnabie Agatep, Edward Portillo, Hayley D Germack, Michael G Crooks, Charlie Strange, Jonathan Marshall, Hana Mullerova","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2545493","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2545493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between the timing of single-inhaler triple therapy Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate (BGF) initiation following a COPD exacerbation and subsequent COPD exacerbations and non-fatal cardiopulmonary events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective analysis of the Inovalon MORE² Registry and Medicare Fee-for-Service claims databases spanning July 1, 2019 to May 31, 2023. Eligible patients with COPD were aged ≥40 years, and initiated BGF treatment within 1-year of a qualifying COPD exacerbation (index event) with 12 months of baseline enrollment. Secondary study populations included patients escalating from dual therapy and patients with comorbid asthma. Negative binomial regressions were used to evaluate the adjusted risks for subsequent annualized exacerbations and cardiopulmonary events based on the timing of BGF initiation: prompt (≤30 days), delayed (31-180 days), and very delayed (181-365 days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 25,603 patients included, 14.8% were prompt, 37.7% delayed, and 47.5% very delayed initiators. Mean age was 60.3 years and 64.3% were female. Among the 10,630 cardiopulmonary events observed, 63% were cardiovascular-related. During follow-up, prompt initiators had 25.7% (adjIR_D: 0.74 [0.72-0.77]) and 30.6% (adjIR_VD: 0.69 [0.67-0.72]) lower risk of subsequent annualized exacerbations compared to delayed and very delayed initiators, respectively. Additionally, prompt initiators had 16.3% (adjIR_D: 0.84 [0.77-0.91]) and 17.5% (adjIR_VD: 0.83 [0.77-0.89]) lower risk of cardiopulmonary events, respectively. Similar results were observed for patients escalating from dual therapy and those with asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prompt initiation of BGF following a COPD exacerbation, including among patients previously managed with dual therapy, was associated with lower annualized rates of cardiopulmonary and exacerbation events.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1373-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio: a novel indicator for metabolic syndrome risk in children.","authors":"Meyri Arzu Yoldaş, Semih Bolu","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2546949","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2546949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between the serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in pediatric populations, as well as its potential role in predicting the diagnosis of MetS in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study included 323 overweight and obese children and adolescents (116 males, 207 females) aged 8 to 17 years who were referred to the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic. Participants were grouped based on the presence or absence of MetS. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure readings, and blood biochemical parameters, including serum uric acid and UHR, were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly higher levels of fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, serum uric acid (SUA), and UHR were observed in participants with MetS compared to those without MetS. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) levels were significantly lower in children with MetS. Furthermore, each one-unit increase in the UHR was associated with a 6.19-fold higher likelihood of MetS diagnosis. It also showed high diagnostic accuracy for metabolic syndrome (AUC = 0.883).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the UHR is a simple, reliable, and innovative marker for early detection and risk stratification of MetS in children. It may serve as an effective screening tool for identifying at-risk children, thereby facilitating early intervention and management of MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1239-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of empagliflozin treatment in four clinical studies: a plain language summary.","authors":"Christoph Wanner, Nathalia Duarte, Vikram Thanam, Egon Pfarr","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2547905","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2547905","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":"41 7","pages":"1207-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From insight to impact: a qualitative study on pharmaceutical industry professionals' perceptions of the value of patient engagement.","authors":"Fatima I Auwal, Elizabeth J Clark, Caroline S Copeland, Graham R McClelland","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2537888","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2537888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patient engagement (PE) is increasingly recognised as a critical component of clinical research and pharmaceutical development. However, its implementation remains inconsistent, and evidence of its impact limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored pharmaceutical professionals' perspectives on the value, challenges, and facilitators of PE in medicine development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight industry professionals from Europe and North America were interviewed online (November 2023-May 2024). Data were analysed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result showed that while PE is acknowledged for its potential in enhancing trial design, patient recruitment and retention, enhancing data quality, regulatory success and market access - the evidence demonstrating its impact in these areas are still limited. Key challenges highlighted were the lack of standardised ways for assessing PE's value, limited access to patient organisations in some regions, and disparities in regulatory requirements that complicate global adoption. Additionally, practical barriers - such as time, resource constraints, and cultural differences, hinder the implementation of consistent and meaningful engagement practices. The study also identified a number of potential enablers for creating systematic and consistent PE: the use of digital tools, cost-effective engagement methods, culturally sensitive communication approaches, partnerships with patient advocacy groups and the establishment of PE as a recognised scientific discipline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research emphasised the need for robust methodologies and standardized PE practices to demonstrate return on engagement and its contribution to successful development of innovative medicines.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1261-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin in the treatment of hyperglycemia during pregnancy and periconception: guideline-informed expert recommendations from seven countries/states in the Asia-Pacific region.","authors":"Nemencio Nicodemus, Virgilio Novero, Wiryawan Permadi, Ketut Suastika, Alexander Tan Tong Boon, Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Kerstin Brand, Maria Christina Hanindita, Alina Markova","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2496430","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2496430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health yet remains underreported, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. This public health challenge includes gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-existing diabetes, and diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy, with regional prevalence rates as high as 28%. Left untreated, HIP can lead to adverse maternal outcomes such as preeclampsia and excessive gestational weight gain, as well as neonatal complications, including macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. International and regional guidelines emphasize early detection and tailored interventions when addressing unmet medical needs in HIP management. Screening protocols vary, with a one-step oral glucose tolerance test increasingly favored for its diagnostic accuracy. Metformin, recognized for its favorable safety profile, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness, has emerged as a preferred first-line treatment alongside lifestyle modifications. Recent updates to metformin's regulatory labeling highlight its safe use during pregnancy, with evidence demonstrating benefits such as reduced maternal weight gain and neonatal complications. This expert recommendation from the Asia-Pacific region focus on the use of metformin during pregnancy and the periconceptional period. Recommendations advocate for routine screening, optimal glycemic control, and structured postpartum care to mitigate HIP's long-term health impacts. Integrating metformin into management strategies enhances patient satisfaction, accessibility, and overall outcomes, offering a practical solution to improve maternal and neonatal health in diverse healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1185-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the humanistic, economic, sociodemographic, and environmental burden of severe/difficult-to-treat asthma.","authors":"Arnaud Bourdin, Ioanna Vlachaki, Alessandra Madoni, Simon Donhauser, Marielle van der Deijl, Mithun Chakrawarthy Manne, Bala Ganesh Geddamuri, Nicola A Hanania","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2513963","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2513963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined gaps in our understanding of the health-related, humanistic, socioeconomic, and environmental burden of patients with difficult-to-treat/severe asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was performed using Embase and MEDLINE. The searchs were performed separately for studies investigating humanistic and economic burden and those investigating environmental and sociodemographic impact, using a predefined search strategy. Study selection was based on the population, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design framework. Data extraction from full-text publications was conducted using a standardized Microsoft Excel© template.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-two studies reporting the humanistic and economic burden and 11 studies reporting the environmental and sociodemographic impact were identified. Patients with severe vs non-severe asthma had lower quality of life (QoL). As expected, the impact of asthma on healthcare resource utilization and costs increased with disease severity. More frequent hospitalizations, emergency department visits, longer hospital length of stay, and higher frequency of exacerbations were seen in severe vs non-severe asthma. Eleven studies reported on factors such as air pollution and their association with increased risk of asthma severity, and there is a lack of evidence specifically addressing its impact on severe asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Severe asthma imposes significant economic and humanistic burdens on patients and healthcare systems. Both environmental and sociodemographic factors exacerbate asthma severity and should be further investigated to ensure optimal asthma management. Gaps remain in our knowledge of the impact of climate change on the most vulnerable patients with severe disease and our review highlights aspects of this burden that are still to be fully understood.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1075-1095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2537485","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2537485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in follow-up care after a new diagnosis of memory loss or cognitive impairment in a major health system.","authors":"Sandra Darling, Elizabeth R Pfoh, Ava Rezaee, Jordan Alpert, Ardeshir Hashmi, Kathryn A Martinez","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2530735","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2530735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patterns of follow-up care after a new diagnosis of memory loss or cognitive impairment among primary care patients are not well-characterized. We described factors associated with diagnosis and follow-up type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational study using electronic health record data, including patients aged ≥40 years newly diagnosed with memory loss or cognitive impairment <i>via</i> primary care of a major health system in Northeast Ohio and Florida. We assessed differences in the odds of diagnosis of memory loss versus cognitive impairment. We then characterized follow-up care as: 1) medication, 2) labs, or 3) imaging, and 4) any follow-up type. We used mixed effects logistic regression to estimate the odds of follow-up care in four models, adjusting to patient factors, region, and diagnosis type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 21,854 patients, 84% were diagnosed with memory loss and 16% were diagnosed with cognitive impairment. Black patients (versus White) had higher odds of being diagnosed with cognitive impairment versus memory loss. Overall, 49.2% received any follow-up care; 39.7% received labs, 16.7% received imaging, and 5.4% medication. Versus those diagnosed with memory loss, patients diagnosed with cognitive impairment had lower odds of any follow-up (aOR:0.74; 95%CI:0.67-0.81), lower odds of lab orders (aOR:0.70; 95%CI:0.60-0.83), but higher odds of medication (aOR:1.65; 95%CI:1.34-2.04). Compared to patients seen in Ohio, those in Florida had lower odds of any follow-up (aOR:0.56; 95%CI:0.47-0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diagnosis type varied by some non-clinical factors and this was associated with follow-up care. Standardization of initial diagnostic and follow-up approach is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"969-976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized anxiety disorder: epidemiology, burden, and comorbid depression.","authors":"Annie Druet-Cabanac, Jessica Azzi, Marco Lucchino, Virginie Simon, Lucile Offredo, Jean-Baptiste Briere, Sean Hood","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2529974","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2529974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common long-term psychiatric disorder with varying prevalence in epidemiological studies. The burden of GAD is high and associated risk factors are not well documented in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational retrospective study of US adult patients with GAD used Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database to explore epidemiology, patient characteristics, risk factors, and disease burden. Adults with GAD were matched with a control general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,086,618 US patients with GAD were included: mean patient age was 49.4 ± 19.1 years and 66.5% were female. Incidence of GAD increased from 0.8% in 2012 to 2.4% in 2022. One-year prevalence of GAD increased from 2.1% in 2012 to 7.4% in 2022. Individuals with GAD utilized healthcare resources more frequently than the matched control population. Retrospectively-assessed risk factors most associated with GAD were pre-existing major depressive disorder (odds ratio [OR] 5.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03, 5.08; <i>p</i> < 0.001), family problems (OR 2.83 95% CI: 2.76, 2.89; <i>p</i> < 0.001), SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 2.53; 95% CI: 2.48, 2.57; <i>p</i> < 0.001), employment difficulties (OR 2.48; 95% CI: 2.36, 2.60; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR 2.19; 95% CI: 2.17, 2.21; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Risk factors, particularly depressive symptoms, should be acknowledged during the diagnosis and management of patients with GAD to support optimal clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1053-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcome assessment may be a more useful tool for supporting inflammatory bowel disease clinical practice than just patient-reported outcome measures.","authors":"Nagesh Kamat, Gaurav Patil, Ankit Dalal, Amit Maydeo","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2536610","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2536610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease approach their treating specialists with a multitude of symptoms. The responses from patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) are challenging to assess and generalize. Most patients who have active disease are happy to discuss their health concerns and get them resolved. Some are wary of the consequences, such as the need for additional investigations, getting hospitalized, intensification of drug therapy or the need for more frequent follow-up. If research surveys or PROM are returned, patients will likely hide sensitive details. They may not reveal the truth, and even though most research surveys are anonymous, the details could be biased. Many patients underreport embarrassing behaviours and thoughts in interviews. Some patient's tendency to deceive remains strong, as there is no motivation to be truthful. Patients often second-guess what the clinician wants to know and then change their answers (socially desirable responding) depending on the survey setting, which can impact study findings. PROM might not be sufficient on their own as reliable measures to reflect disease activity or severity. Research surveys can result in significant misreporting on sensitive topics. The need of the hour is to have flexible endpoints, which can be achieved by appropriate use of clinical outcome assessment wherein treating clinicians' objective observations and assessment are considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}