Current Medical Research and Opinion最新文献

{"title":"RSV disease and vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and practices among US adults: a 2024-2025 RSV season survey.","authors":"Elizabeth M La, Kyli Gallington, David Singer, Tsion Fikre, Noha Eltoukhy, Yipin Han, Zaneta Balantac, Donald M Bushnell","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2687673","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2687673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines are approved in the United States (US) for adults at increased risk for severe RSV disease. However, RSV disease and vaccination knowledge gaps have been reported among US adults. This study provides an up-to-date assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding RSV disease and vaccination among US adults at increased risk for severe RSV disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between December 2024 and January 2025, a web-based survey was conducted to assess RSV-related KAP. Adults aged 18-59 years were required to have ≥1 risk factor for severe RSV disease. Descriptive results were reported overall and by age (18-49, 50-59, 60-74, and ≥75 years); multivariable logistic regression modeling identified characteristics associated with RSV-related KAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall (<i>N</i> = 1227), 75.3% of respondents had heard of RSV; of these, 34.8% reported feeling knowledgeable about RSV. Most (79.6%) considered RSV vaccination as beneficial for individuals of their age and health status, and 67.4% indicated being at least somewhat likely to receive RSV vaccination following healthcare professional (HCP) recommendation. Among adults aged ≥60 years, 49.0% reported having received an HCP recommendation for RSV vaccination, and 35.3% reported ever being vaccinated. The likelihood of having discussed RSV vaccination with and/or received a recommendation from an HCP varied significantly by age and knowledge of respiratory illnesses, among other characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV knowledge and practice gaps remain among US adults at increased risk for severe RSV disease. Findings can help inform patient and HCP education efforts to increase access to RSV vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1207-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy and cost per improved outcome of treatments for generalized myasthenia gravis: evidence from a network meta-analysis and cost-per-responder analysis.","authors":"A Gordon Smith, Ali A Habib, Cynthia Z Qi, Hongbo Yang, Mandy Du, Xin Chen, Kristin Heerlein, Deborah Gelinas, Glenn Phillips, Gil I Wolfe","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2700048","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2700048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To indirectly compare the efficacy and value of biologic therapies for acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) using a network meta-analysis (NMA) of pivotal trials and a cost-per-responder analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A <i>de novo</i> NMA was performed using data from Phase III placebo-controlled trials of efgartigimod IV, inebilizumab, nipocalimab, ravulizumab, rozanolixizumab, and zilucoplan, including recently approved therapies. Outcomes included ≥3- and ≥5-point improvements, and continuous changes, in Myasthenia Gravis-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) and Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) scores. Treatment effects, ranking probabilities, and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values were estimated. Numbers needed to treat (NNTs) versus placebo were derived from NMA results. Cost per improved outcome (CPIO) was calculated using NNTs and 2026 US drug/administration costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most therapies demonstrated significantly greater efficacy than placebo across MG-ADL and QMG outcomes. Efgartigimod IV ranked highest across nearly all endpoints considering the probability of being the most effective and SUCRA values. It had the lowest NNTs for QMG improvement (2.18 [≥3-point]; 1.88 [≥5-point]), significantly lower than almost all treatments for QMG ≥3-point, and significantly lower than zilucoplan for QMG ≥5-point (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It had MG-ADL NNTs of 2.77 (at least 3-point) and 1.94 (at least 5-point), with the latter significantly lower than ravulizumab (4.68) and zilucoplan (4.78) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Efgartigimod IV had the lowest CPIO across all QMG and MG-ADL thresholds, significantly lower than almost all other treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among approved effective biologic therapies for gMG, efgartigimod IV offers a favorable combination of clinical efficacy and economic value.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1165-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractory arterial hypertension: important, but suboptimally characterized.","authors":"Goran Koraćević, Milovan Stojanović, Marija Zdravković, Suzana Otašević, Miloš Zdravković, Miomir Randjelović, Gordana Lazarević, Dimitrije Pavlović","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706900","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Refractory arterial hypertension (HTN) is a newly described severe phenotype of anti-hypertensive therapy failure. It is defined as uncontrolled blood pressure on (near-)maximal treatment using ≥ 5 antihypertensive drugs, two of which are long-acting thiazide-like diuretics (e.g. chlorthalidone) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, with an additional requirement in one of the first reports: uncontrolled blood pressure after a minimum of three visits to the department. We observed important differences in the definitions of refractory HTN over time and even in the same period in the most important documents in medicine today - guidelines. The AIMs of the study were threefold: to underline the high risk and consequent importance of this phenotype of HTN, to analyze the evolution of the definition of refractory HTN and the consonance in the guidelines on the topic, to study potential insufficiencies of the current definitions, and possibly suggest some improvements. Patients with refractory HTN are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications such as heart failure (HF), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), or stroke than those with controlled resistant HTN. Moreover, hypertension-mediated organ damage and comorbidities such as diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea are more prevalent in patients with refractory HTN. Some guidelines list treatment for refractory HTN, but the definition of refractory HTN is actually resistant to HTN. Generally, what is recognized as insufficient for the definition of resistant HTN is also likely true for refractory HTN.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1275-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tirzepatide compared with semaglutide in obesity disease: a subpopulation analysis applying Japan Society for the Study of Obesity criteria in the global SURMOUNT-5 trial.","authors":"Takumi Kitamoto, Mihoko Yoshino, Tomotaka Shingaki, Tomonori Oura, Elisa Gomez Valderas, Julia P Dunn","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2695047","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2695047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide versus semaglutide in individuals eligible for pharmacotherapy for obesity disease under Japan's national insurance criteria, where obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m² with excess adiposity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This subpopulation analysis of the SURMOUNT-5 trial (NCT05822830) included participants meeting obesity disease criteria: hypertension or dyslipidemia with BMI 27-35 kg/m² and ≥2 obesity-related health disorders (ORHDs), or BMI ≥35 kg/m² with ≥1 ORHD. Outcomes were assessed from baseline to Week 72, including percent change in body weight, proportions achieving weight-loss thresholds, changes in waist circumference, BMI, cardiometabolic factors, and adverse events. Between-group comparisons used analysis of covariance. Changes over time were assessed with a mixed model for repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 750 participants, 383 met the criteria for obesity disease (tirzepatide 15 mg or maximum tolerated dose [MTD], <i>n</i> = 190; semaglutide 2.4 mg or MTD, <i>n</i> = 193). At Week 72, the least-squares mean (LSM) percent change in body weight was significantly greater for tirzepatide (-20.1% [SE 0.76%]) versus semaglutide (-12.9% [0.74%]), with an LSM difference of -7.2 (95% CI = -9.3 to -5.1; <i>p</i> <.001). More participants receiving tirzepatide achieved ≥10%, ≥15%, ≥20%, ≥25%, and ≥30% weight-loss targets. Reductions in waist circumference and BMI were significantly greater with tirzepatide, evident from Weeks 4 and 12, respectively, and maintained through Week 72. The safety profile was generally consistent with the overall SURMOUNT‑5 population, with gastrointestinal events most common.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this subpopulation analysis, tirzepatide was associated with greater reductions in weight, BMI, and waist circumference than semaglutide in individuals with obesity disease.</p><p><strong>Study registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05822830.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising results amid persistent disparities in real-world adherence to multitarget stool DNA testing.","authors":"Eyad Gadour, Raffaella Rima, Antonio Facciorusso","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1145-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706895","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of HALP score in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with first-line chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy: a real-world retrospective study.","authors":"Yaping Zhang, Keda Shao, Xiaodong Cao, Guifang Gu, Wenxian Wang","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2709202","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2709202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with platinum-containing chemotherapy are the standard first-line therapy for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, individualization varies widely, there is still a lack of effective biomarkers to predict prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 147 patients participated in this study. Patients were enumerated for baseline laboratory parameters (including hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets) and HALP scores were calculated. And the optimal cutoff value (27.05) was determined by x-tile software. Accordingly, they were divided into high HALP and low HALP to explore the relationship with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). To evaluate the extent of baseline imbalance between the two HALP groups, we performed inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis using a binary logistic regression model that included all baseline covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients have an ECOG score of 0-1, and 90 patients (61.2%) have a positive PD-L1 expression. Based on the optimal threshold value of 27.05, we categorized all patients into low HALP (n = 53) and high HALP (n = 94) groups. The group of high HALP had better mPFS (5.67 vs. 5.13 months, p = 0.032) and mOS than low HALP (32.67 vs. 17.60 months, p = 0.028). Univariate analysis showed that the HALP score was an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.033, HR = 0.686; 95% CI: 0.484-0.971), and the results of multivariate analysis also showed that HALP had a significant influence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HALP score has the potential to be a prognostic marker in NSCLC patients receiving first-line platinum-based chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1233-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacologic strategies in prediabetic neuropathy.","authors":"Jenyfer María Fuentes-Mendoza, Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta, Julian A García-Ramírez, Natalia A Suyón-Ríos, Luis Concepción-Urteaga, Arturo Basurto-Ayala, José Paz-Ibarra","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706312","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prediabetic neuropathy refers to early dysfunction of peripheral and autonomic nerves and may be present in individuals with impaired glucose regulation before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Epidemiological evidence suggests that a substantial proportion of individuals with prediabetes may show signs of neuropathic involvement, mainly affecting small sensory fibers and autonomic function. These changes are thought to arise from multiple interacting metabolic and vascular mechanisms, including oxidative stress, microvascular dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, and impaired insulin signaling. Despite this burden, pharmacological management remains limited and is mainly focused on preventing progression to type 2 diabetes rather than directly targeting early nerve dysfunction. Emerging approaches such as modulation of the renin angiotensin system, SGLT2 inhibition, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, and gene-based therapies are being investigated, although most evidence remains preclinical or early clinical. Their translation into routine practice is still limited by the lack of large randomized trials and ongoing underdiagnosis. Overall, current evidence suggests a potential role for earlier mechanism informed approaches that combine pharmacological and lifestyle strategies, although stronger clinical evidence is still needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1125-1133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of incontinence quality of life scores in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated and not treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.","authors":"Ahmet Gorgel, Murat Akay, Suleyman Baldane","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2709380","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2709380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With increasing use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, their potential side effects need to be evaluated. The aim of this study is to compare urinary incontinence symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between groups treated and not treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, using the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted with 114 patients aged 18 years and older with T2DM (61 treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, the remainder not using SGLT2 inhibitors). For all participants, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, and number of births (if female participants had given birth) were recorded. All patients were asked about the duration of their diabetes, whether they used SGLT2 inhibitors, and if so, their daily dosage. The Turkish translation of the I-QOL questionnaire was applied to all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups were similar in terms of gender distribution, age, diabetes duration, BMI, eGFR, fasting blood sugar, and HbAıc values. We found no significant difference in mean I-QOL scores between the groups using and not using SGLT2 inhibitors. Sensitivity analyses performed with a 95% confidence interval also showed that the interactions between SGLT2 inhibitor use x HbA1c, SGLT2 inhibitor use x gender, and SGLT2 inhibitor use x parity were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, after adjusting for the available covariates, no statistically significant association was found between SGLT2 inhibitor use and I-QOL scores; however, the confidence interval does not rule out clinically significant effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world comparative safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Nawal Alsubaie, Zafar Ali Shah, Muhammad Ilyas, Amani S Alrossies, Ammena Y Binsaleh, Syed Muzammil Shah","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706317","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2706317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) provide several advantages over warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, particularly among patients with unstable or difficult-to-control international normalized ratio (INR) values.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) experiencing challenges in warfarin management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 892 patients with NVAF (rivaroxaban, <i>n</i> = 473; warfarin, <i>n</i> = 419) treated at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, between January 2022 and December 2024, with a 12-month follow-up period. The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite of stroke or systemic embolism, while the primary safety endpoint was major bleeding according to International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria. Secondary outcomes included thromboembolic events, bleeding complications, mortality, medication adherence, and treatment discontinuation. Cox proportional hazards regression with multivariable adjustment was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary efficacy endpoint occurred in 4.44% and 7.16% of rivaroxaban and warfarin patients, respectively (HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.36-1.10, <i>p</i> = 0.09), indicating a non-significant trend favoring Rivaroxaban. Major bleeding rates were comparable (6.77% vs. 6.92%, <i>p</i> = 0.91), with similar intracranial hemorrhage rates. Rivaroxaban showed significantly higher medication adherence (91.4% vs. 69.3%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas treatment persistence and all-cause mortality were comparable between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rivaroxaban demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to warfarin, with superior medication adherence and no requirement for INR monitoring. These findings suggest that rivaroxaban may represent a practical therapeutic option for patients with NVAF, particularly in healthcare settings with limited monitoring infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"1113-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148583637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}