Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"A Rapid Genotyping Assay for FTO and PPAR-γ Nutrigenetic Variants in Thai Adults with Overweight/Obesity","authors":"Sakawrut Poosri,&nbsp;Usa Boonyuen,&nbsp;Pattaneeya Prangthip","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrigenetic research linking fat mass and obesity-associated (<em>FTO</em>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (<em>PPAR-γ</em>) variants to dietary response and obesity risk requires accessible genotyping tools, particularly for population studies in low- and middle-income countries. Current genotyping methods are typically limited to single or duplex formats, increasing cost and processing time for multivariant screening.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to develop, validate, and apply a cost-effective 4-plex high-resolution melting (HRM) assay for simultaneous detection of <em>FTO</em> (rs9939609 and rs1421085) and <em>PPAR-γ</em> (rs1801282 and rs3856806) variants using standard laboratory equipment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Allele-specific primers with distinct melting temperatures were designed for multiplexed HRM detection of 4 obesity-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analytical validation was performed against Sanger sequencing in 30 samples. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The validated assay was applied to genotype 384 Thai adults (123 normal-weight, 261 with overweight/obesity) from Bangkok, Thailand. Genotype frequencies and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were evaluated by the χ² test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 4-plex HRM assay demonstrated 100% concordance with Sanger sequencing across all 4 variants (sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 100%; PPV: 100%; NPV: 100%). All triplicate measurements produced consistent genotype calls. Total assay time was 70 min. Based on the manufacturer’s catalog prices (QIAGEN, 2024), the estimated reagent cost per sample was ∼4- to 5-fold lower than 4 individual TaqMan assays and 6- to 8-fold lower than Sanger sequencing for the same 4 targets. Population screening revealed minor allele frequencies of 5.3%–8.2% for <em>FTO</em> and 0%–5.8% for <em>PPAR-γ</em> variants, with genotype distributions conforming to HWE for 3 of 4 variants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This validated 4-plex HRM assay provides a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective tool for nutrigenetic screening of obesity-associated variants. The method is suitable for large-scale population studies where budget and infrastructure constraints limit access to high-throughput genotyping platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 109389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13333330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operationalizing Multisectoral Nutrition Governance: Examining Commitment, Capacity, and Mechanisms for Action in Scaling Up Nutrition Actions in Kenya","authors":"Jacob K Korir,&nbsp;Wilna Oldewage-Theron,&nbsp;Malinda J Colwell,&nbsp;Wanjiku N Gichohi-Wainaina","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Effective Multisectoral Nutrition Governance (MNG) is critical for addressing the complex determinants of malnutrition. However, evidence on how key governance functions influence governance outcomes over time remains limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study assessed the status, evolution, and drivers of MNG in Kenya from 2012 to 2023. It examined how commitment, capacity, and mechanisms for action explain current MNG status and perceived improvements over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated MNG assessment tool. Respondents assessed current governance conditions in 2023 and retrospectively for 2012. Quantitative data were collected from 112 respondents across government and nongovernmental sectors. Descriptive statistics were used to assess governance trends. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Tests and multiple linear regression were used to examine changes in MNG over time and identify factors associated with MNG outcomes. Relative importance analysis quantified the contribution of each governance theme.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 96 out of 112 respondents completed the survey. MNG status improved significantly from 58.4% in 2012 to 71.1% in 2023 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Significant improvements were also observed across MNG themes; commitment (<em>r</em>_<em>b</em> = 0.68), capacity (<em>r</em>_<em>b</em> = 0.61), and mechanisms for action (<em>r</em>_<em>b</em> = 0.67). Relative importance analysis indicated that capacity accounted for the largest share of explained variance (35.5%), followed by mechanisms for action (33.2%) and commitment (31.2%). However, the overlapping confidence intervals indicated that all 3 themes were comparably associated with variations in MNG status and improvement over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Kenya has made significant progress in strengthening MNG over the past decade. Although commitment and mechanisms for action remain essential, the capacity theme reflects the operational conditions through which governance improvements are implemented. Continued investments in institutional and operational capacity, including predictable and sustainable financing, are therefore important for sustaining and consolidating governance gains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 109403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13379995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistant Starch Supplementation Modulates Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Markers of Gut Barrier Integrity in Estrogen-Deficient Mice","authors":"Femi Olawale,&nbsp;Sanmi E Alake,&nbsp;Ranjitha Chandrashekar,&nbsp;Proapa Islam,&nbsp;Brooke Sutton,&nbsp;Yabsira Argeta,&nbsp;Stanley Lightfoot,&nbsp;Winyoo Chowanadisai,&nbsp;Trina A Knotts,&nbsp;Brenda J Smith,&nbsp;Edralin A Lucas","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.109406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Menopause-associated estrogen decline promotes gut dysbiosis and impaired gut health, but the effects of resistant starch (RS) under estrogen-deficient conditions remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Herein, we examine the effects of retrograded (RS3) and chemically modified (RS4) RS on the gut microbiota and gut barrier integrity in estrogen-deficient mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 3-mo-old female C57BL/6 mice received the ovotoxicant vinyl cyclohexene diepoxide (VCD, 160 mg/kg) or sesame oil (vehicle) for 30 d, followed by 16 wk of dietary intervention with control (AIN-93M), 5% RS3, or 5% RS4 (<em>n</em> = 15/group). Estrogen deficiency was confirmed by reduced uterine weight and increased serum follicle-stimulating hormone.</div><div>Gut microbiota composition was assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing; jejunal and cecal gene expressions of inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor (Tnf, Il22)], tight junction proteins [Tjp1, claudin1 (Cldn1)], and antimicrobial peptides [regenerating islet-derived protein (Reg)3b, Reg3g] were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction; and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Jejunal and colon sections were examined by histological staining. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance with estrogen status and diet as factors, followed by post hoc tests when <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RS supplementation induced distinct clustering in bacterial <em>β</em>-diversity, enriched beneficial genera including Bifidobacterium, Dubosiella, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia, and reduced proinflammatory Clostridium sensu_stricto_1 in estrogen-deficient mice. Jejunal Tnf expression was elevated by VCD in the control diet but suppressed by RS4, with no significant change in RS3. Both RS3 and RS4 enhanced Tjp1 and Cldn1 expression and elevated fecal SCFAs, whereas RS3 additionally increased Reg3g expression. Histological analysis showed no significant effects of VCD and diet on most of the parameters, except for a modest effect on gut inflammation with VCD which was improved by RS supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that RS supplementation modulates gut microbiota composition, SCFA production, and inflammatory markers, with RS4 showing stronger anti-inflammatory effects and RS3 preferentially enhancing antimicrobial peptide expression, in estrogen-deficient mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 109406"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148543821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Signatures of Aging and Their Associations with Clinical Biomarkers and Mortality","authors":"Fenglei Wang,&nbsp;Anne-Julie Tessier,&nbsp;Andrea J Glenn,&nbsp;Marta Guasch-Ferré,&nbsp;Frank B Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107730"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Effectiveness of Using Mobile Phone Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Dietary Assessment and Nudging to Improve Food Choices of Adolescent Girls in Sri Lanka","authors":"Nilmini J Karunarathna,&nbsp;Thushanthi Perera,&nbsp;Boateng Bannerman,&nbsp;Silas Bempong,&nbsp;Gloria Folson,&nbsp;Peter McCloskey,&nbsp;Phuong Nguyen,&nbsp;David Hughes,&nbsp;Aulo Gelli,&nbsp;Renuka Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell Cycle Dysregulation Elevated Colorectal Cancer Risk in hnRNPI Knockout Mice","authors":"Francisco J Martinez Villegas,&nbsp;Hong Chen,&nbsp;Yuan-Xiang Pan,&nbsp;Abrory Pramana,&nbsp;Guanying Bianca Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity and Cognitive Domain Trajectories Among Older US Adults: Longitudinal Findings From the Health and Retirement Study","authors":"Elizabeth Ludwig-Borcyz,&nbsp;Heejin Lee,&nbsp;Lindsay H Ryan,&nbsp;Steven G Heeringa,&nbsp;Claire T McEvoy,&nbsp;Julia A Wolfson,&nbsp;Arun Agrawal,&nbsp;Kenneth M Langa,&nbsp;Cindy W Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Stress–Driven Tubular Injury Models for Nutritional Research on Normoalbuminuric Diabetic Kidney Disease","authors":"Nao Matsugae,&nbsp;Isao Matsui-Yuasa,&nbsp;Akiko Kojima-Yuasa","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107807"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Choline Intake Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2014","authors":"Ishani Ray,&nbsp;Michael J Wenger","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107795","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of A1 and A2 Milk on the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in ApoE/LDLR-/- Mice","authors":"Renata B Kostogrys,&nbsp;Dorota Najgebauer-Lejko,&nbsp;Anna Zaczek,&nbsp;Artur Gurgul,&nbsp;Igor Jasielczuk,&nbsp;Mathew Auta,&nbsp;Daniel Żmudziński,&nbsp;Paweł Ptaszek,&nbsp;Anna Ptaszek,&nbsp;Magdalena Franczyk-Żarów","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2026.107778","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 107778"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148588457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}