Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of Caregivers’ Ability to Accurately Detect Acute Malnutrition Using Color-Coded Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Tape and Pitting Edema","authors":"Benson C Singano ,&nbsp;Collina A Tchongwe ,&nbsp;Numeri C Geresomo ,&nbsp;Tinna Ng’ong’ola-Manani ,&nbsp;Aaron T Chikakuda ,&nbsp;Alfred Ngwira ,&nbsp;Stanley Mwase ,&nbsp;Elsie Mawala ,&nbsp;Benson Kazembe ,&nbsp;Emma Budalla ,&nbsp;Alexander A Kalimbira","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Malawi, inadequate community health workers are delaying admission of acute malnutrition cases into therapeutic programs. Training caregivers to screen their children for early identification of acute malnutrition has been shown to improve early admissions, prevent serious complications, and save lives. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding the determinants of caregivers to accurately screen for acute malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To identify determinants of accuracy in detecting acute malnutrition using color-coded mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) tape and pitting edema among caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional study taken as a baseline for a larger non-random pragmatic interventional study. Using a cascade model, community health workers (health surveillance assistants, <em>n</em> = 148) from 2 southern districts of Nsanje and Phalombe in Malawi, trained 12,057 caregivers of children aged 6 to 54 months in nutritional screening using color-coded MUAC tapes and pitting edema. Pretested structured questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews with the caregivers to collect data on their age, marital status, education, district, occupation, and age of the child, which were predictor variables. Caregivers’ accuracy was the response variable. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the effect of each predictor variable on accuracy of caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to caregivers who were farmers (86.2%), those who were formally employed (1.8%) were nearly 70% less likely to accurately determine acute malnutrition [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12, 0.75] than farmers. Caregivers from Phalombe district were nearly 5 times more likely to be accurate than caregivers from Nsanje district (AOR: 4.93; 95% CI: 3.31, 7.35). Caregivers were twice and thrice more likely to accurately screen children aged 31–42 mo (AOR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.43, 4.17) and 43–54 mo (AOR: 2.83; 95% CI: 1.45, 5.54), respectively, than children aged 6–11 mo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The outcome of training caregivers to use color-coded MUAC tapes and pitting edema to screen for acute malnutrition is likely to be sensitive to several factors including residence, occupation of the caregivers, and age of the children. More data and further studies are required to validate the present results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 7","pages":"Article 107477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nighttime Pistachio Consumption Alters Stool Microbiota Diversity and Taxa Abundance Compared with Education to Consume 1–2 Carbohydrate Exchanges (15–30 grams) over 12 Weeks in Adults with Prediabetes: A Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Crossover Trial","authors":"Terrence M Riley ,&nbsp;Justin Wright ,&nbsp;Regina Lamendella ,&nbsp;Jordan E Bisanz ,&nbsp;Jeremy Chen See ,&nbsp;Khushi Kanani ,&nbsp;Penny M Kris-Etherton ,&nbsp;Kristina S Petersen","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prior research has demonstrated that pistachio intake influences gut microbiota composition; however, there has been limited investigation of pistachio-related gut microbial modulation in populations with impaired glycemia.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim was to examine the effect of nighttime pistachio intake for 12 wk on the stool microbiota of adults with prediabetes [fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥100 mg/dL and ≤125 mg/dL].</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis of data from a single-blind, 2-period, randomized crossover trial was conducted. Participants were provided with 57 g/d of dry roasted unsalted pistachios to consume as a nighttime snack or provided education to consume 1–2 carbohydrate (CHO; 15–30 g) exchanges (usual care) as a nighttime snack for 12 wk. Stool samples were collected at the beginning and the end of each condition and analyzed with 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing. Taxonomic diversity was tested with linear mixed models (LMMs) and permutational analysis of variance of Bray–Curtis and weighted Unifrac dissimilarity indices. Taxonomic abundance by condition was tested using LMMs with Benjamini–Hochberg multiple testing correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analytical sample included 51 participants (37% female, 49 ± 10 y, 31.5 ± 4 kg/m², FPG 102 ± 10 mg/dL) who completed the trial (of 66 randomly assigned). β-diversity analysis showed community dissimilarity between the pistachio and usual care conditions postcondition (<em>P</em> = 0.001). Compared with the usual care condition, nighttime pistachio consumption modified several microbial taxa.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In adults with prediabetes, intake of 57 g/d of pistachios as a nighttime snack altered stool microbial community diversity and composition compared with a CHO-rich snack, providing evidence of stool microbial effects with pistachio consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>This study was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT04056208.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 7","pages":"Article 107481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemoglobin Concentrations and Prevalence of Anemia During Pregnancy: Results from the Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium","authors":"Nathalia Cristina de Freitas-Costa ,&nbsp;Thais Rangel Bousquet Carrilho ,&nbsp;Paula Normando da Costa ,&nbsp;Helena M Constante ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Fujimori ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ,&nbsp;Gilberto Kac","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anemia is common among pregnant women from low- and middle-income countries, but national estimates are scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to assess hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and the anemia prevalence in Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data included 12,287 pregnant women aged 15–49 y and 17,967 measurements from 7 studies (2007–2014) participating in the Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium. Hb (g/dL) was obtained from medical records (6 studies, 17,565 measurements) or capillary blood samples (1 study, 402 measurements). Hb &lt;11, &lt;10.5, and &lt;11 g/dL were used to define anemia at the first, second, and third trimesters using the 2024 WHO guideline. Identification of implausible Hb values and heterogeneity analysis were performed. We estimated medians and interquartile ranges for the Hb concentration and prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of anemia according to maternal prepregnancy BMI, age, and education, gestational trimester, and year of data collection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median Hb was 12.0 (95% CI: 11.2, 12.8) g/dL; no differences were observed according to the studied covariables. Anemia prevalence was 14.1% (95% CI: 13.6, 14.6), and highest during 2013 [27.9% (95% CI: 17.3%, 38.6%)] and in the third trimester [23.5% (95% CI: 22.5%, 24.6%)]. Higher anemia prevalence in the third compared with the first trimester was also observed among women aged 15–19 [1^st: 8.02% (95% CI: 6.2%, 9.9%); 3^rd: 28.1% (95% CI: 25.4%, 30.8%)] than those aged 20–49 y [1^st: 6.5%; (5.8%, 7.2%); 3^rd: 22.6% (95% CI: 21.4%, 23.7%)]. Anemia prevalence for those with education ≤4 y (15.9%; 95% CI: 14.1%, 17.8%) and women with prepregnancy underweight (19.2%; 95% CI: 15.9%, 22.4%) and normal weight (15.3%; 95% CI: 14.4%, 16.2%) were higher than those with 9–11 (13.1%; 95% CI: 12.4%, 13.8%) and 12–18 y (10.3%; 95% CI: 9.2%, 11.0%), and overweight (12.2%; 95% CI: 10.8%, 13.6%) and obesity (9.9%; 95% CI: 8.1%, 11.7%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anemia was higher in adolescents compared with older women and in the third trimester compared with the first, underscoring the need for targeted monitoring during these periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 6","pages":"Article 107458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Pre-Farmgate Greenhouse Gas Emissions Among United States Adults from 2007–2010","authors":"Rhea Jayaswal ,&nbsp;Sarah M Frank ,&nbsp;Euridice Martinez Steele ,&nbsp;Donald Rose ,&nbsp;Lindsey Smith Taillie","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Changes to the food system can have consequences for human and planetary health, and one recent change is increased consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs). Although correlations between UPF intake and human health have been evaluated in the United States, little is known about the association of UPF intake with pre-farmgate greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs), which account for the majority of GHGE across the food life cycle.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We used a nationally representative survey to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and pre-farmgate GHGE among United States adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2010. Participants were divided into quintiles based on proportion of grams from UPF using mean of 2-d dietary recall. The database of Food Recall Impacts on the Environment for Nutrition and Dietary Studies was used to estimate the pre-farmgate GHGE (in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents [kg CO₂-eq]) of foods. Multivariate linear regression models were used to test the association between quintiles of UPF consumption and pre-farmgate GHGE. Models were progressively adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, total caloric intake, and red and processed meat intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Consuming a greater proportion of grams from UPF was associated with higher pre-farmgate GHGE in unadjusted analyses. However, when the analyses were adjusted for total energy, we saw the opposite trend, such that consuming a higher proportion of grams from UPF was associated with lower pre-farmgate emissions: emissions for the highest quintile of UPF consumption were 4.47 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 4.27, 4.67) kg CO₂-eq, compared with 4.85 (95% CI: 4.64, 5.05) kg CO₂-eq for the highest quintile (<em>P</em>_trend = 0.003).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although we find that diets with a greater proportion of grams from UPF have lower pre-farmgate GHGE, our analyses show an opposite trend when they are not adjusted for total energy intake, demonstrating the need for caution when analyzing the relationship of UPF intake with GHGE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 7","pages":"Article 107460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal WIC Participation Is Associated with Gestational Weight Gain: A Secondary Analysis of United States Birth Records","authors":"Susana L Matias,&nbsp;Caitlin D French","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides breastfeeding support, nutritious supplemental foods, referrals to health care and social services, and nutrition counseling to eligible pregnant women. Evidence on maternal weight outcomes associated with prenatal WIC participation remains sparse.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to estimate the association between prenatal WIC participation and gestational weight gain (GWG).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Birth records data from women eligible for WIC during pregnancy (defined as delivery paid with Medicaid) and of reproductive age, who gave birth to a singleton, live birth, at a hospital in the United States in 2023 were used. Reception of WIC benefits during pregnancy, maternal prepregnancy weight and height, and weight at delivery were reported in the birth records. GWG (weight at delivery minus prepregnancy weight) was standardized for gestational age by calculating gestational age-specific <em>z</em>-scores (GWG z-scores) from prepregnancy–BMI-class-specific references, and categorized into tertiles (low, middle, high). GWG rate (pounds gained/per week during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters) was categorized as slow, adequate, or accelerated. We used propensity scores (PS) weighting to create a balanced comparison group of WIC-eligible non–WIC-participant mothers. Using PS-weighted log binomial regression, we estimated risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for high/accelerated and low/slow (compared with middle/adequate GWG as reference) GWG associated with prenatal WIC participation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed 1,318,604 pregnancies. Prenatal WIC participation was associated with a small reduction in risk of low GWG <em>z</em>-score (RR = 0.981, 95% CI: 0.977, 0.985; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) and slow GWG rate (RR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.988, 0.995; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). No significant association was detected for prenatal WIC participation and high GWG <em>z</em>-score (RR = 1.003, 95% CI: 0.999, 1.006; <em>P</em> = 0.18), whereas a small increase in risk of accelerated GWG rate (RR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.002, 1.006; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prenatal WIC participation provided support to modestly reduce low weight gain among WIC-eligible United States women, which may have limited clinical implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 6","pages":"Article 107457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Methods to Assess Discretionary Salt Intake among Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Punjab, India","authors":"Yvonne E Goh ,&nbsp;Mari S Manger ,&nbsp;Mona Duggal ,&nbsp;Reena Das ,&nbsp;Surbhi Agarwal ,&nbsp;Shipra Saklani ,&nbsp;Deepmala Budhija ,&nbsp;Manu Jamwal ,&nbsp;Bidhi L Singh ,&nbsp;Julie M Long ,&nbsp;Jamie Westcott ,&nbsp;Charles D Arnold ,&nbsp;Nancy F Krebs ,&nbsp;Rosalind S Gibson ,&nbsp;Kenneth H Brown ,&nbsp;Christine M McDonald","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accurate and precise estimates of discretionary salt intake are critical for the design of salt fortification programs and salt reduction interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to compare 4 methods of estimating discretionary salt intake among nonpregnant females of reproductive age in Punjab, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One-day, observer-recorded, weighed food records (WFRs), household salt disappearance (HHSD) data, duplicate diet composites, and samples of household salt and milk were collected from 100 females and repeated in a subset of 40 to adjust for intraperson variation and estimate usual discretionary salt intake. Diet composites were also replicated from 40 randomly selected WFR but prepared without the addition of discretionary salt. The duplicate diet composites’ sodium and iodine contents were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-optical emission spectrometry and ICP-mass spectrometry, respectively. The iodine content of household salt samples was analyzed using the ion-selective electrode method. The association and agreement between the WFR method, the selected reference method, and the HHSD, replicate diet (RD), and iodine methods (IMs) were explored using correlation and Bland–Altman analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean ± standard deviation (SD) discretionary salt intakes according to the WFR, HHSD, RD, and IM methods were 4.7 ± 1.8 g/d, 5.7 ± 2.6 g/d, 4.1 ± 2.1 g/d, and 7.8 ± 5.3 g/d, respectively. The RD method showed the strongest correlation (<em>ρ</em> = 0.76; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and the smallest mean difference ± SD (−0.68 ± 1.25 g/d), with limits of agreement from −3.18 to 1.82 g/d, compared with the WFR method. However, the HHSD method was also moderately correlated (<em>ρ</em> = 0.48; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and showed good agreement [0.98 ± 2.12 (−3.27, 5.23) g/d] with the WFR despite lower precision.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although intensive to implement, the WFR and RD methods produce precise estimates of discretionary salt intake. Repeated measurements may improve the precision of the HHSD method for large population-based surveys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 6","pages":"Article 107456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engaging Latina Females and Community Partners to Pilot Test and Optimize Medically Supportive Groceries","authors":"Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa ,&nbsp;Yessica Martinez Mulet ,&nbsp;Wei-ting Chen ,&nbsp;Marcela D Radtke ,&nbsp;Lan Xiao ,&nbsp;Lisa G Rosas","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Food insecurity and diet-related chronic disease disproportionately affect Latina females. Food is medicine (FIM) is increasingly recognized for its role in addressing the dual challenge of food insecurity and diet-related chronic diseases. However, there is minimal evidence to guide FIM practice for Latina females.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to engage Latina females and community partners to test the acceptability, implementation feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of medically supportive groceries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In partnership with a Federally Qualified Health Center and community partners, Latina females at risk of diet-related chronic disease who screened positive for food insecurity (<em>n</em> = 25) received 8 weekly home deliveries of medically supportive groceries. Participants completed semistructured interviews, as well as surveys, at baseline and 8-wk follow-up. Interview transcripts were coded using inductive thematic analysis. Changes in food security and dietary intake were assessed using a pair sample <em>t</em>-test and McNemar’s χ² test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Females had a mean age of 52 y (34–73 y old), with 84% indicating a household income below the federal poverty line, and 77% had children at home. Participants were recruited within 4 wk and achieved a 100% success rate in delivering food. Interview themes included cultural acceptability and satisfaction, individual and household benefits of participation, facilitators for optimal use, and barriers. At follow-up, 59% reported food insecurity compared with 92% at baseline (<em>P</em> = 0.016). Participants reported comparable levels of daily fruit and vegetable intake at baseline and follow-up (<em>P</em> = 0.7).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings demonstrated that medically supportive groceries are feasible and acceptable for Latina females with diet-related chronic diseases and support comprehensive FIM interventions in diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 6","pages":"Article 107455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Fortification Quality of Refined Vegetable Oil with Vitamin A, Wheat Flour with Iron, and Salt with Iodine: Findings from a Market Assessment in Senegal, West Africa","authors":"Mane Hélène Faye ,&nbsp;Marie-Madeleine A Diémé ,&nbsp;Phillip M Nkhoma ,&nbsp;Adama Diouf ,&nbsp;Dora Panagides ,&nbsp;Abdou Badiane ,&nbsp;Becky L Tsang ,&nbsp;Olouwafemi Mistourath Mama ,&nbsp;Marielle A De Souza ,&nbsp;Nicole Idohou Dossou","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mandatory fortification (MF) of wheat flour (WF) with iron/folic acid, refined edible oil with vitamin A (VA), and salt with iodine is implemented to address micronutrient deficiencies in Senegal. The effectiveness of fortification depends on food vehicles meeting fortification standards (FS).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study is to assess iron, VA, and iodine content of WF, oil, and salt, respectively, and compare them with FS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional market survey was conducted in the Dakar region and the neighboring city of Thiès. Samples of all available brands of WF, oil, and salt in the scope of MF were collected at 25 sampling sites. Qualitative tests were conducted, and positive samples were pooled by brand and type, and then analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (iron), iCheck Chroma3 (VA), and titration (iodine). Micronutrient content of food vehicles was compared with FS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 142 WF, 372 oil, and 140 salt samples were collected from 27, 69, and 31 brands, respectively. The qualitative results showed that 26.8% of WF, 44.6% of oil, and 23.6% of salt were not fortified. After quantitative analysis, 51.4% of WF, 17.3% of oil, and 16.3% of salt were found fortified below the standard minimum. The positive brand composite samples had the following median contents of iron, VA, and iodine: 17.5, 10.8, and 33.3 mg/kg, in WF, oil, and salt, respectively, and which were below, around, and above the minimum value of the corresponding standards, respectively. Disparities were observed by the origin of production, between domestic producers, and by type of food vehicle.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Fortification quality gaps remain an issue in Senegal, and further action is needed to comply with FS and to realize the potential of food fortification for public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 107440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Vegetarian Diet and Healthy Aging Among Chinese Older Adults","authors":"Guliyeerke Jigeer ,&nbsp;Kaiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Yuebin Lv ,&nbsp;Katherine L Tucker ,&nbsp;Yaqi Li ,&nbsp;Fan Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Shi ,&nbsp;Xiuhua Shen ,&nbsp;Liang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 106050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey on Risk for Prediabetes Among Staff and Students at a Mid-western University","authors":"Sheila C Barrett ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Bostwick ,&nbsp;Scott Conro ,&nbsp;Allie Dempsey ,&nbsp;Jeanne Isabel ,&nbsp;Rana Jaber ,&nbsp;Hanna Jetel ,&nbsp;Anna Moore ,&nbsp;Julie Patterson","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 106028"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}