Critical reviews in analytical chemistry最新文献

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Exploration of the Plant World: Application and Innovation of Plant-Wearable Sensors for Real-Time Detection. 探索植物世界:植物可穿戴传感器实时检测的应用与创新。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2499605
Miao Zhang, Yuxin Si, Yu Fu, Jiaying An, Qingxiang Zhang, Youlin Zhang, Han Zhang, Yujie Yu, Di Zhang, Yuxin Fang
{"title":"Exploration of the Plant World: Application and Innovation of Plant-Wearable Sensors for Real-Time Detection.","authors":"Miao Zhang, Yuxin Si, Yu Fu, Jiaying An, Qingxiang Zhang, Youlin Zhang, Han Zhang, Yujie Yu, Di Zhang, Yuxin Fang","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2499605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2499605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants play a crucial role in improving the environment by regulating the temperature, preventing soil erosion, and reducing wind speed. By yielding edible resources such as food crops, vegetables, and fruits, plants also provide essential nutrients for human beings. Consequently, the real-time monitoring of plant growth and surrounding environment has been the primary focus of researchers. Traditional plant monitoring relies on manual inspection, which is both subjective and discontinuous. In recent years, ongoing advancements in wearable sensors have enabled their application in various areas of plant monitoring such as plant growth assessment, environmental monitoring, nutritional detection, water management, and pest warning. These wearable sensors can be directly fixed to plant organs to deliver real-time data on plant growth and environmental conditions <i>via</i> wireless connections with smart devices. This facilitates user management and monitoring, which can contribute to the development of intelligent agriculture with high planting efficiency and sustainability. This review summarizes the design principles, manufacturing methods, characteristics, and feasibility of plant-wearable sensors based on their functions, including plant-phenotype sensors (e.g., hormones and nutrients), plant-growth-environment sensors (e.g., surrounding humidity), and plant stress sensors (e.g., pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and environmental stress). It also explores the challenges and development prospects in this field, providing valuable insights into the future application of wearable sensors to effectively optimize the plant growth status for crop yield and quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Therapeutic Potential of Indole Derivatives: Analytical Perspectives on Their Role in Drug Discovery. 吲哚衍生物的治疗潜力:分析其在药物发现中的作用。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2500611
Anuradha Mehra, Amit Mittal
{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Indole Derivatives: Analytical Perspectives on Their Role in Drug Discovery.","authors":"Anuradha Mehra, Amit Mittal","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2500611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2500611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indole was first identified around 1869, this being an indole ring system which is a fused benzene and pyrrole ring system. Research findings illustrate that indole derivatives have gained acceptance as therapeutic agents because they contain structural versatility and access different biological targets. Scientific research has established their strong pharmaceutical properties, especially for oncology medicines because they control essential cellular processes while interrupting defective enzymatic activities of topoisomerases, kinases, and histone deacetylases. Research proves that indole-based compounds display broad antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effects in addition to their cancer-fighting properties. The indole nucleus creates targeted interactions with central nervous system receptors and enzymes for visualization in neurological therapeutic delivery. Research indicates that indole derivatives provide benefits for managing anti-inflammatory responses while lowering blood pressure and diabetes markers although benefiting cardiovascular health through their ability to affect specific disease pathways. The ongoing development of structural optimization methods with synthetic improvements leads to indole compounds which surpass present treatments according to clinical trials. Structural modifications to the indole core system have been explored in recent studies to improve its pharmacological versatility. Research from 2020 to 2024, featuring indole derivatives with their potency, mechanism of action, and strategies to overcome resistance, is highlighted, with a focus on different diseases. Finds from databases such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and EMBASE are included in the analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction. 修正。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2500214
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2500214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2500214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in Apolipoprotein-A4 Biosensing Assays for Depression Diagnosis. 载脂蛋白a4生物传感检测在抑郁症诊断中的研究进展。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2496503
Zahra Jamalizadeh Bahaabadi, Sercan Karav, Amirhossein Sahebkar
{"title":"Advances in Apolipoprotein-A4 Biosensing Assays for Depression Diagnosis.","authors":"Zahra Jamalizadeh Bahaabadi, Sercan Karav, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2496503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2496503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apolipoprotein-A4 (Apo-A4) is a plasma protein that plays a role in various physiological and behavioral-emotional reactions when faced with stress. Studies have shown a close relationship between Apo-A4 and the onset of depression and its symptoms. However, there is currently no reliable laboratory approach to confirm the diagnosis of depression. Therefore, the development of a precise and effective technique to assess Apo-A4 might help in the early detection and screening of depression and other related psychiatric diseases, as well as in tracking and managing the course of treatment. As technology advances, biosensors have become quick, accurate, and sensitive tools for personal care and illness diagnosis. Biosensors for measuring and detecting Apo-A4 levels have recently been designed. These studies emphasized the development of accurate and sensitive diagnostic and measurement techniques. This review attempts to give a general overview of the role of Apo-A4 in depression and introduce established biosensors for its detection and measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Counterfeiting in Protein Supplement: Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Analysis. 假冒蛋白质补充剂:光谱和色谱分析。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2496502
Beyza Nur Topal, Sena Caglar-Andac
{"title":"Counterfeiting in Protein Supplement: Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Analysis.","authors":"Beyza Nur Topal, Sena Caglar-Andac","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2496502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2496502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteins contain amino acids, which are extremely important for healthy growth, muscle mass production, and improved quality of life. As a result, consumers' intake of insufficient amounts of protein, leads to a deterioration in body resistance, becoming vulnerable to diseases, muscle mass loss, and experiencing many adverse health conditions. It is more commonly used by athletes, particularly to enhance and speed up weight gain, and it is crucial for kids, the elderly, and patients who need to replace absent nutrients in their diet. As more people use protein powder supplements, sales are becoming more competitive, and numerous unauthorized producers have begun providing products that meet the need. Many protein supplements on the market are adulterated or contain undisclosed, inexpensive chemicals, causing discrepancies between labeled and actual amounts of active compounds, which is a growing issue. These include substances like rice, soybeans, urea, cheaper amino acids (e.g. L-glutamine and L-taurine), bulking agents like maltodextrin and cyanuric acid and, in some cases, even dilution with milk powder or melamine. It may be able to better regulate athletes' and patients' exposure to illegal substances and adulteration, safeguard the health of consumers by developing quick and precise ways to test protein supplements. This comprehensive review presents a variety of analytical approaches utilizing spectroscopic and chromatographic methods for the identification of additives for quality control and content verification purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring UV Spectroscopic Approaches for Alendronate Sodium Quantification in Pharmaceutical and Biological Samples. 探索紫外光谱法定量测定药物和生物样品中阿仑膦酸钠。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2490586
Aashli Mary, S Giridhar Reddy, B Siva Kumar, Raga K P, Sanga Kugabalasooriar
{"title":"Exploring UV Spectroscopic Approaches for Alendronate Sodium Quantification in Pharmaceutical and Biological Samples.","authors":"Aashli Mary, S Giridhar Reddy, B Siva Kumar, Raga K P, Sanga Kugabalasooriar","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2490586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2490586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alendronate sodium is a nitrogen-containing amino bisphosphonate that is used to treat bone-related disorders such as osteoporosis and periodontitis by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts and promoting the function of osteoblasts. The detection of alendronate in biological fluids and pharmaceutical products is still challenging with traditional methods such as capillary electrophoresis, chromatography, and ion chromatography, which are expensive, require skilled operators, and have complicated sample preparation. Simplified methods, like UV spectrophotometry, have been developed to overcome these challenges. However, alendronate's molecular structure poses a complication in detection due to the lack of strong chromophores. Multiple methods to improve UV absorption have been implemented by using organic reagents and metal chelation. Derivatization with reagents ortho-phthalaldehyde, sodium-1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate; 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole; 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, and ninhydrin have been used to aid in the detection of alendronate through UV spectrophotometry. Complexation-based methods utilize the metal chelating ability of alendronate. Using metal ions like Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Ce<sup>4+</sup> sensitivity for detection can be enhanced. The newer strategies also involve carbon dots, where the fluorescence intensity gets modulated through interactions of metal ions with alendronate. This fluorescence quenching and restoration system has shown great potential in offering sensitive detection of alendronate. This review article discusses with the specific focus on UV-spectroscopic techniques which are not only economical and easy to operate but also crucial for monitoring the controlled release of the drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molybdenum-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection: Advances and Challenges. 用于乳腺癌生物标志物检测的钼基电化学传感器:进展与挑战。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2487581
Aliya Sarsenbayeva, Selenay Sadak, Ipek Kucuk, Leila Kudreyeva, Abu Moldir Bakytzhanovna, Bengi Uslu
{"title":"Molybdenum-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection: Advances and Challenges.","authors":"Aliya Sarsenbayeva, Selenay Sadak, Ipek Kucuk, Leila Kudreyeva, Abu Moldir Bakytzhanovna, Bengi Uslu","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2487581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2487581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer, which is considered the most common type of cancer among women worldwide, is estimated to reach 4.4 million cases in 2070. Early diagnosis has become very important to prevent this expected increase. Various traditional methods, such as mammography, biopsy, enzyme immunoassay (EI), liquid biopsy, immunohistochemistry (IGH), fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH) are used to diagnose breast cancer, but the fact that these methods are very expensive, have low sensitivity, and cause mutations in tissues due to X-rays has led researchers to discover faster, more cost-effective, and easily detectable methods. In particular, increased levels of new blood-based biomarkers in the circulation can be detected sensitively and selectively by electrochemical methods to facilitate early disease screening and rapid diagnosis. This comprehensive review focuses on the prevalence and pathology of breast cancer, clinical diagnosis of breast cancer, and electrochemical sensors of molybdenum-based compounds for the detection of various breast cancer biomarkers in recent years. Electrochemical analysis studies carried out in the field in recent years are compiled and are considered as aptamer-based, nucleotide-based, and immunosensors. The chemical properties of molybdenum compounds are discussed, and the modifications of these compounds to the electrode surface are discussed under 4 headings: drop casting, electrodeposition, atomic layer deposition, and electrophoretic deposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nanozymes-Mediated Lateral Flow Assays for the Detection of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Toxins: A Review from Synthesis to Application. 纳米酶介导的检测病原微生物和毒素的横向流动试验:从合成到应用的综述。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2491683
Sofiene Mansouri
{"title":"Nanozymes-Mediated Lateral Flow Assays for the Detection of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Toxins: A Review from Synthesis to Application.","authors":"Sofiene Mansouri","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2491683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2491683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In today's context, there is an increasing awareness among individuals regarding the importance of healthy and safe food consumption. Consequently, there is a growing demand for food products that are safeguarded against the detrimental effects of pathogens and harmful microbial metabolites. Actually, these organisms and their associated toxins pose a significant risk to food safety and are recognized as a critical threat to human health because of their capacity to induce foodborne infections and intoxications. Consequently, in order to address such challenges, it is imperative to enhance recognizing systems comprising bio/nanosensors for detections, which are trustworthy, quick, beneficial and economical. The advent of digital color imaging technology has led to the gradual establishment of lateral flow assays (LFAs) as one of the most significant sensors for point-of-care applications. Unlike colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), nanozymes offer enhanced color intensity through target-induced precise enrichment of nanozymes at the test line. Additionally, they amplify the color signal by facilitating the catalytic oxidation of colorless substrates into colored products. This dual functionality presents significant potential for the development of well-organized LFAs. In light of this, significant attempts are dedicated to the development of nanozyme-based LFAs. This review aims to outline recent advancements in the synthesis and design of nanozymes with varying compositions that exhibit distinct activities, as well as the structure and employment of nanozyme-based LFAs for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms and their associated toxins. Furthermore, the existing challenges and prospective development directions are outlined to assist readers in advancing the nanozyme-based LFAs performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular Imprinted Polymer Decorated Electrochemical Sensors for Diabetes Biomarkers: A Critical Review. 分子印迹聚合物修饰的糖尿病生物标志物电化学传感器:综述
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2492385
Agraja P S, Sreelekshmi P J, Devika V, Devu C, Rejithamol R
{"title":"Molecular Imprinted Polymer Decorated Electrochemical Sensors for Diabetes Biomarkers: A Critical Review.","authors":"Agraja P S, Sreelekshmi P J, Devika V, Devu C, Rejithamol R","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2492385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2492385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes is a chronic illness marked by high blood sugar or hyperglycemia, which can be caused by deficiencies in the action or secretion of insulin, or both. A prolonged period of elevated blood glucose levels can cause several tissues to malfunction. To avoid or postpone the onset of problems associated with diabetes, early diagnosis, and effective care are essential. Biomarkers and biosensors have become potential tools for monitoring and managing diabetes. Glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and other relevant biomarkers of diabetes can be detected using various biosensors, including enzymatic, electrochemical, and optical types. The molecular imprinting technique is an emerging electroanalytical method, that creates cavities in the polymer matrix with an affinity for a selected template molecule, known as molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). Typically, the procedure involves the polymerization of monomers in the presence of a template molecule, which is then removed to leave behind imprinting sites. These polymers have been employed in molecular sensors, chemical separations, and catalysis due to their affinity for the original molecule. With special attention to their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, limitations, and the potential of emerging technologies, such as wearables and nano-biosensors, these can be used for continuous and real-time diabetes monitoring. This critical review focuses on the role of nanomaterials and conducting polymer-decorated molecularly imprinted sensors for tracking diabetes biomarkers. Additionally, this paper discusses the difficulties in developing and implementing biosensors, including selectivity, sensitivity, and real-time monitoring of glucose levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Spectroscopic Techniques for Detecting Milk Adulteration. 光谱检测牛奶掺假技术的系统综述。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2025.2477535
Parsa Joolaei Ahranjani, Kamine Dehghan, Zahra Esfandiari, Parham Joolaei Ahranjani
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Spectroscopic Techniques for Detecting Milk Adulteration.","authors":"Parsa Joolaei Ahranjani, Kamine Dehghan, Zahra Esfandiari, Parham Joolaei Ahranjani","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2025.2477535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2025.2477535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk adulteration is a crucial worldwide concern that endangers food safety and public health, as it involves the deliberate tampering with milk by adding foreign substances or removing essential nutrients, often to boost profits or hinder microbial growth. Traditional detection methods frequently lack the sensitivity and speed required to identify adulterants within milk's complex matrix. This systematic review critically examines the application of spectroscopic techniques for detecting milk adulteration, focusing on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, Laser-Based Techniques, Dielectric Spectroscopy, and X-Ray Spectroscopy. Each technique's principles, advantages, limitations, and specific applications in identifying adulterants, such as water, urea, melamine, added sugars, fats, preservatives, and heavy metals are discussed. The review highlights how these methods offer rapid, non-destructive, and sensitive analysis, enhancing the ability to detect adulterants at molecular levels. Despite advancements, challenges persist, including the complexity and natural variability of milk composition, high costs of advanced equipment, need for specialized expertise, and lack of standardized protocols. Future directions emphasize developing portable and cost-effective spectroscopic devices, integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning for advanced data analysis, and fostering international collaboration to establish standardized methodologies and comprehensive spectral databases. By addressing these challenges, spectroscopic techniques can be more widely implemented, ultimately safeguarding public health, ensuring the integrity of dairy products, and maintaining consumer trust in the global food supply chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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