Critical reviews in analytical chemistry最新文献

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Safeguarding Public Health: Advanced Detection of Food Adulteration Using Nanoparticle-Based Sensors 保障公众健康:利用纳米粒子传感器先进检测食品掺假
IF 5 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2399202
Muthu Thiruvengadam, Jung-Tae Kim, Won-Ryeol Kim, Ji-Ye Kim, Bum-Su Jung, Hee-Jin Choi, Hee-Youn Chi, Rajakumar Govindasamy, Seung-Hyun Kim
{"title":"Safeguarding Public Health: Advanced Detection of Food Adulteration Using Nanoparticle-Based Sensors","authors":"Muthu Thiruvengadam, Jung-Tae Kim, Won-Ryeol Kim, Ji-Ye Kim, Bum-Su Jung, Hee-Jin Choi, Hee-Youn Chi, Rajakumar Govindasamy, Seung-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2399202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2399202","url":null,"abstract":"Food adulteration, whether intentional or accidental, poses a significant public health risk. Traditional detection methods often lack the precision required to detect subtle adulterants that can b...","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Novel Fluorescent Probes for Specific Detection of Hypochlorous Acid 开发特异性检测次氯酸的新型荧光探针
IF 5 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2399197
Yubin Hu, Wenqi Zhou, Qing Wu, Yong Xia
{"title":"Development of Novel Fluorescent Probes for Specific Detection of Hypochlorous Acid","authors":"Yubin Hu, Wenqi Zhou, Qing Wu, Yong Xia","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2399197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2399197","url":null,"abstract":"Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is widely used in everyday life for bleaching and disinfecting tap water, and also in human metabolism, where it plays an important role in destroying foreign bacterial inv...","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Evaluation of Clinical Applications for the Detection of the Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker GFAP. 检测阿尔茨海默病生物标志物 GFAP 的临床应用评估。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2393874
Goksu Ozcelikay-Akyildiz, Leyla Karadurmus, Ahmet Cetinkaya, İnci Uludag, Burcu Ozcan, Mehmet Altay Unal, Mustafa Kemal Sezginturk, Sibel A Ozkan
{"title":"The Evaluation of Clinical Applications for the Detection of the Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker GFAP.","authors":"Goksu Ozcelikay-Akyildiz, Leyla Karadurmus, Ahmet Cetinkaya, İnci Uludag, Burcu Ozcan, Mehmet Altay Unal, Mustafa Kemal Sezginturk, Sibel A Ozkan","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2393874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2393874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases is Alzheimer's disease (AD). The hallmarks of AD include the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which cause related secondary diseases, progressive neurodegeneration, and ultimately death. The most prevalent cell type in the human central nervous system, astrocytes, are crucial for controlling neuronal function. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is released from tissue into the bloodstream due to astrocyte breakdown in neurological diseases. Increased levels of GFAP in the serum can function as blood markers and be an effective prognostic indicator to help diagnose neurological conditions early on, from stroke to neurodegenerative diseases. The human central nervous system (CNS) is greatly affected by diseases associated with blood GFAP levels. These include multiple sclerosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, glioblastoma multiforme, traumatic brain injuries, and neuromyelitis optica. GFAP demonstrates a strong diagnostic capacity for projecting outcomes following an injury. Furthermore, the increased ability to identify GFAP protein fragments helps facilitate treatment, as it allows continuous screening of CNS injuries and early identification of potential recurrences. GFAP has recently gained attention due to data showing that the plasma biomarker is effective in identifying AD pathology. AD accounts for 60-70% of the approximately 50 million people with dementia worldwide. It is critical to develop molecular markers for AD, whose number is expected to increase to about 3 times and affect humans by 2050, and to investigate possible targets to confirm their effectiveness in the early diagnosis of AD. In addition, most diagnostic methods currently used are image-based and do not detect early disease, i.e. before symptoms appear; thus, treatment options and outcomes are limited. Therefore, recently developed methods such as point-of-care (POC), on-site applications, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-polymerase chain reaction (ELISA-PCR) that provide both faster and more accurate results are gaining importance. This systematic review summarizes published studies with different approaches such as immunosensor, lateral flow, POC, ELISA-PCR, and molecularly imprinted polymer using GFAP, a potential blood biomarker to detect neurological disorders. Here, we also provide an overview of current approaches, analysis methods, and different future detection strategies for GFAP, the most popular biosensing field.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142043870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High Performance Liquid chromatography - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Coupling: A Comprehensive Review. 高效液相色谱-傅立叶变换红外光谱耦合:全面回顾。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2391892
Radoslav Halko, Denis Pavelek, Massoud Kaykhaii
{"title":"High Performance Liquid chromatography - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Coupling: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Radoslav Halko, Denis Pavelek, Massoud Kaykhaii","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2391892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2391892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review presents a critical examination of the interface for coupling high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) since 2010. This coupling offers a robust analytical approach characterized by exceptional chemical specificity and the capacity to analyze complex multi-component mixtures qualitatively and quantitatively with high sensitivity, particularly in low limit of detection ranges. This coupling enables the identification of individual components of a mixture by IR after their separation by HPLC, although challenges arise from the potential distortion of infrared spectra by mobile phase components. Addressing this issue necessitates the implementation of suitable interfaces, such as flow cells or off-line indirect measurement methods like hot inert gas streams or ultrasonic nebulizers. The key parameters influencing the coupling of HPLC-FTIR include the solvent elimination methods, mode of FTIR technique, and IR background for accurate analyte identification. Moreover, the composition of the mobile phase and the utilization of buffer solutions in the HPLC mobile phase profoundly impact analyte identification by FTIR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Critical Review on the Identification of Pathogens by Employing Peptide-Based Electrochemical Biosensors. 利用基于肽的电化学生物传感器识别病原体的重要综述。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2390551
Sreelekshmi Premchanth Jyothi, Sandhya Sadanandan, Rejithamol Rajamani
{"title":"A Critical Review on the Identification of Pathogens by Employing Peptide-Based Electrochemical Biosensors.","authors":"Sreelekshmi Premchanth Jyothi, Sandhya Sadanandan, Rejithamol Rajamani","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2390551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2390551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this era of emerging pathogenic diseases, prompt and accurate detection of pathogens is crucial. Disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety all rely heavily on the identification of pathogens. Peptide-based electrochemical sensors due to their rapid response times, specificity and sensitivity have emerged as promising tools in the identification of pathogens. This review emphasizes the importance of peptides in detection of pathogens and different peptide-based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of pathogens. Peptides offer several advantages including strong binding affinity to a diverse array of pathogens including bacteria, viruses and fungi, tunable specificity and simple synthesis. Peptide-based electrochemical sensors employ different electrochemical techniques such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), amperometry and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The efficacy of peptide-based biosensors in detecting low concentrations of pathogens is highlighted, demonstrating the promising applications of these biosensors in early diagnosis and real-time monitoring. In addition, the review also addresses the current challenges in the field such as peptide stability, sensor reproducibility and interference from complex biological matrices. This review suggests potential resolutions and avenues for progress such as the development of multiplexed detection systems that can concurrently identify multiple pathogens and developments in peptide design and sensor miniaturization. In summary, this review highlights the substantial advancements and potential possibilities of peptide-based electrochemical biosensors in the realm of pathogen detection, thereby facilitating the development of safer and more effective diagnostic tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analytical Methods for Determining Psychoactive Substances in Various Matrices: A Review. 测定各种基质中精神活性物质的分析方法:综述。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2388123
Szymon Świątek, Andrzej Czyrski
{"title":"Analytical Methods for Determining Psychoactive Substances in Various Matrices: A Review.","authors":"Szymon Świątek, Andrzej Czyrski","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2388123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2388123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychoactive substances pose significant challenges and dangers to society due to their impact on perception, mood, and behavior, leading to health and life disturbances. The consumption of these substances is largely influenced by their legal status, cultural norms, and religious beliefs. Continuous development and chemical modifications of psychoactive substances complicate their control, detection, and determination in the human body. This paper addresses the terminological distinctions between psychoactive and psychotropic substances and drugs. It provides a comprehensive review of analytical methods used to identify and quantify 25 psychoactive substances in various biological matrices, including blood, urine, saliva, hair, and nails. The analysis categorizes these substances into four primary groups: stimulants, neuroleptics, depressants, and hallucinogens. The study specifically focuses on chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, as well as other novel analytical techniques. Methodology includes a review of scientific articles containing validation studies of these methods and innovative approaches to psychoactive substance determination. Articles were sourced from the PubMed database, with most research originating from the twenty first century. The paper discusses the limits of detection and quantitation for each method, along with current trends and challenges in the analytical determination of evolving psychoactive substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in Hydrogels Research for Ion Detection and Adsorption. 用于离子检测和吸附的水凝胶研究进展。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2388817
Zhenjiang Tan, Cheng Chen, Wenwei Tang
{"title":"Advances in Hydrogels Research for Ion Detection and Adsorption.","authors":"Zhenjiang Tan, Cheng Chen, Wenwei Tang","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2388817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2388817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuing development of heavy industry worldwide has led to an exponential increase in the amount of wastewater discharged from factories and entering the natural world in the form of rivers and air. As the top of the food chain in the natural world, toxic ions penetrate the human body through the skin, nose, and a few milligrams of toxic ions can often cause irreversible damage to the human body, so ion detection and adsorption is related to the health and safety of human beings. Hydrogel is a hydrophilic three-dimensional reticulated polymer material that first synthesized by Wichterle and Lim in 1960, which is rich in porous structure and has a variety of active adsorption sites as a new type of adsorbent and can be used to detect ions through the introduction of photonic crystals, DNA, fluorescent probe, and other materials. This review describes several synthetic and natural hydrogels for the adsorption and detection of ions and discusses the mechanism of ion adsorption by hydrogels, and provide a perspective for the future development.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impurities in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Drug Products: A Critical Review. 活性药物成分和药物产品中的杂质:批判性评论》。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2384046
Cleydson Finotti Cordeiro, Lucas Lopardi Franco, Diogo Teixeira Carvalho, Rudy Bonfilio
{"title":"Impurities in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Drug Products: A Critical Review.","authors":"Cleydson Finotti Cordeiro, Lucas Lopardi Franco, Diogo Teixeira Carvalho, Rudy Bonfilio","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2384046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2384046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and drug products represents a risk to patients' health. Such substances are related to diverse side effects and may have mutagenic potential. That's why it is necessary to establish acceptable limits for these by-products, to minimize the risk associated with medicinal therapy. This work focused on presenting a critical review of relevant points related to the presence of impurities in pharmaceuticals. The main legislation and guidelines from the FDA, EMA, ICH, and Pharmacopeias about the subject were evaluated, and recent articles related to the topic were searched in Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science from 2013 to 2023. Additionally, the analytical techniques used for quantifying impurities were discussed, along with relevant tests for assessing the toxicological and mutagenic risks of these by-products. Recent legislation, including ICH Q3A (R2), ICH Q3B (R2), ICH M7 (R2), ICH Q3D (R2), ICH Q3C (R9), ICH Q3E, ICH Q6A, ICH M3 (R2), as well as FDA and EMA guidelines, highlights a comprehensive and effective framework for controlling impurities in pharmaceuticals. Despite this, there remains a lack of harmonization and standardized procedures across different regions. From the review of scientific literature, we observed that advancements in analytical techniques have significantly improved the sensitivity and selectivity in detecting impurities and degradation products. This underscores the ongoing commitment of health agencies and the pharmaceutical industry to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicinal products.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2D MXene-Based Nanoscale Materials for Electrochemical Sensing Toward the Detection of Hazardous Pollutants: A Perspective. 用于电化学传感以检测有害污染物的二维 MXene 纳米材料:透视。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2379851
Tahir Ali Sheikh, Muhammad Ismail, Muhammad Fazle Rabbee, Hira Khan, Ayesha Rafique, Zeerak Rasheed, Amna Siddique, Muhammad Zeeshan Rafiq, Zafar A K Khattak, Shehzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani, Umer Shahzad, Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Mohsin Saeed, Khalid A Alzahrani, Jamal Uddin, Mohammed M Rahman, Francis Verpoort
{"title":"2D MXene-Based Nanoscale Materials for Electrochemical Sensing Toward the Detection of Hazardous Pollutants: A Perspective.","authors":"Tahir Ali Sheikh, Muhammad Ismail, Muhammad Fazle Rabbee, Hira Khan, Ayesha Rafique, Zeerak Rasheed, Amna Siddique, Muhammad Zeeshan Rafiq, Zafar A K Khattak, Shehzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani, Umer Shahzad, Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Mohsin Saeed, Khalid A Alzahrani, Jamal Uddin, Mohammed M Rahman, Francis Verpoort","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2379851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2379851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MXenes (M<sub>n+1</sub>X<sub>n</sub>T<sub>x</sub>), a subgroup of 2-dimensional (2D) materials, specifically comprise transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. They exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic and photocatalytic properties, making them well-suited for the detection and removal of pollutants from aqueous environments. Because of their high surface area and remarkable properties, they are being utilized in various applications, including catalysis, sensing, and adsorption, to combat pollution and mitigate its adverse effects. Different characterization techniques like XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy have been used for the structural elucidation of 2D MXene. Current responses against applied potential were measured during the electrochemical sensing of the hazardous pollutants in an aqueous system using a variety of electroanalytical techniques, including differential pulse voltammetry, amperometry, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, etc. In this review, a comprehensive discussion on structural patterns, synthesis, properties of MXene and their application for electrochemical detection of lethal pollutants like hydroquionone, phenol, catechol, mercury and lead, etc. are presented. This review will be helpful to critically understand the methods of synthesis and application of MXenes for the removal of environmental pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Latest Developments in Direct and Non-Direct LC-MS Methods Based on Liquid Electron Ionization (LEI). 基于液体电子电离 (LEI) 的直接和非直接 LC-MS 方法的最新发展。
IF 4.2 2区 化学
Critical reviews in analytical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2381543
Genny Grasselli, Adriana Arigò, Pierangela Palma, Giorgio Famiglini, Achille Cappiello
{"title":"Latest Developments in Direct and Non-Direct LC-MS Methods Based on Liquid Electron Ionization (LEI).","authors":"Genny Grasselli, Adriana Arigò, Pierangela Palma, Giorgio Famiglini, Achille Cappiello","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2024.2381543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2024.2381543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mass spectrometry (MS) enables precise identification and quantification of molecules, particularly when combined with chromatography. The advent of atmospheric pressure ionization (API) techniques allowed the efficient coupling of liquid chromatography with MS (LC-MS), extending analyses to nonvolatile and thermolabile compounds. API techniques present limitations such as low informative capacity and reproducibility of mass spectra, increasing instrument complexity and costs. Other challenges include analyzing poorly polar molecules and matrix effects (ME), which negatively impact quantitative analyses, necessitating extensive sample purification or using expensive labeled standards. These limitations prompted the exploration of alternative solutions, leading to the development of the Liquid Electron Ionization (LEI) interface. The system has demonstrated excellent robustness and reproducibility. LEI has been employed to analyze various compounds, including pesticides, drugs of abuse, phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, and many others. Its versatility has been validated with single quadrupole, triple quadrupole, and QToF detectors, operating in electron ionization (EI) or chemical ionization (CI) modes and with both reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and normal phase liquid chromatography (NPLC). LEI has also been successfully integrated with the Microfluidic Open Interface (MOI), Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry (MIMS), and Microfluidic Water-Assisted Trap Focusing (M-WATF), broadening its application scope and consistently demonstrating promising results in terms of sensitivity and identification power. The most recent advancement is the development of Extractive-Liquid Sampling Electron Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (E-LEI-MS), a surface sampling and real-time analysis technique based on the LEI concept. This review article offers a comprehensive and up-to-date picture of the potential of LEI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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