CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Channel Structure on Energy Dissipation for GaInSn Liquid Metal Arcing Process","authors":"Yaguang Ma;Guoqiang Gao;Yu Xiang;Keliang Dong;Wei Peng;Pengyu Qian;Zefeng Yang;Wenfu Wei;Guizao Huang;Guangning Wu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.03080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.03080","url":null,"abstract":"In ultra-high voltage and high-voltage DC distribution networks, energy dissipation tributary of breaking current demands dissipation more than megajoules during a brief period when a short circuit fault occurs. However, existing energy dissipation equipment hardly fulfills demands. A novel device of GaInSn liquid metal arcing is expected to be used in energy dissipation branch of circuit breakers to dissipate energy in high-voltage DC system. In this paper, a liquid metal energy dissipation test platform is built, and self-shrinking trigger and arcing mechanism of gallium indium tin (GaInSn) liquid metal is studied in arc process. Key parameters affecting energy dissipation in liquid metals arcing process are discovered. Energy dissipation channels of cylindrical and conical hole structures are proposed, and their arcing process and energy dissipation characteristics are explored. Energy dissipation of liquid metal is separated to four phases: contraction phase, arc starting phase, liquid metal phase change of arc-burning phase, arcing extinction and liquid metal recover phase. Effects of channel structure and current amplitude on energy dissipation characteristics of GaInSn liquid metal are studied. A finite element simulation model of GaInSn liquid metal is constructed in arc process, and temperature distribution is analyzed in liquid metal arcing energy dissipation process. Peak values of temperature for cylindrical and conical through-holes structure are clarified. Finally, topology of hybrid DC circuit breaker based on composite energy dissipation of GaInSn liquid metal and Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) is proposed, and simulation model of liquid metal and MOV composite energy dissipation is constructed. The energy dissipation ratio and distribution of liquid metal and MOV under different structures are explored. Results of study provide guidance for liquid metal energy dissipation module with other energy dissipation components.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"2149-2161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10376015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148746954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Execution Method of Edge Intelligent Models for Abnormal Target Detection in Transmission Lines Based on Low Bit Shift Quantization","authors":"Jun Zhang;Guozheng Peng;Rui Song;Chen Wang;Yuanpeng Tan;Tianjiao Pu;Jiye Wang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.08910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.08910","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an efficient execution method of edge intelligent model based on low bit shift quantization, aiming at the issues of limited computing power and power supply resources at the edges of transmission lines, as well as slow inference and high power consumption of abnormal target detection models in term of hardware. At first, we construct a low-bit shift quantization strategy, which replaces resource-intensive full-precision floating-point multiplication with shift, addition, and flip operations. Then, we design a training method for an abnormal target detection model using low-bit shift quantization to address the issue of gradient non-differentiability caused by discontinuous weights in low-bit shift quantization. Furthermore, we implement the abnormal target detection model using low bit shift quantization based on PyTorch and have realized a change in low bit quantization convolution operators in various common sizes (including <tex>$mathbf{3} times mathbf{3},mathbf{5}times mathbf{5},mathbf{7}times mathbf{7},mathbf{9}times mathbf{9}$</tex>) based on the ZYNQ-7020 FPGA. Finally, we conduct comprehensive experiments on our proposed method, indicating detection precision of our method comparable to the full-precision method, improvement of inference speed of convolutional computations by approximately 6.42-14.21 times, and reduction of power consumption by about 93%-95%.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"2136-2148"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10899798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148747034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Energy Model and Sub-Synchronous Oscillation Mechanism for Direct-Drive Wind Farm Considering Interaction Between Generators","authors":"Jing Ma;Honglu Xu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06750","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the interaction between generators, the dynamic energy model of direct-drive wind farm is proposed, and the effect mechanism of energy interaction on sub-synchronous oscillation is revealed. First, the dynamic energy model of direct-drive wind farm containing the generator-grid interaction links, inter-generator coupling interaction links and inter-generator induction interaction links is constructed. These energy links reflect the energy interaction between the generator and the grid, and between the generators during oscillation. Then, the dissipation energy representing the damping characteristics is extracted. Thus, the contribution degree of each interaction is quantitatively evaluated. On this basis, the influences of the current loop parameters, PLL parameters, the integration distance and the reference value of active current on the stability level are revealed, and the effect mechanism of generator-grid interaction and inter-generator interaction on sub-synchronous oscillation is clarified. Finally, a model of direct-drive wind farm is built, and the simulations show that, the generator-grid interaction and inter-generator coupling interaction are the key factors that affect the energy distribution. As the proportional gain of current loop and phase-locked loop and integration distance change, the two interactions are mutually exclusive.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1926-1939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148747540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse-Function-Based DC Power Flow Formulation with Loss and Voltage Magnitude Considerations","authors":"Dundun Liu;Mike Zhou;Qianhong Wu;Hongcai Zhang;Yadan Wang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.02500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.02500","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel DC power flow model that incorporates network loss and voltage magnitudes, aiming to achieve comparable calculation results to AC power flow while mitigating convergence issues. The proposed model addresses network loss by formulating a fixed-point equation for voltage angles, effectively accounting for the impact of network losses through the introduction of a virtual load. Furthermore, an inverse function of the complex power equation is derived to calculate voltage magnitudes, with the voltage angles serving as input. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, extensive case studies are conducted on various test systems, ranging from small-scale to large-scale networks, including a real-world power grid. The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the proposed DC power model regarding voltage angles and magnitudes, active and reactive power. Importantly, the model showcases its ability to overcome power flow convergence issues, providing reliable and precise solutions in situations where the traditional Newton-Raphson algorithm fails to converge. The findings of this research offer a promising alternative for power flow calculations and adjustments in real-world applications.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1887-1895"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148749193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Continuous Double Auction-Based P2P Energy Trading","authors":"Qianyi Ma;Zifa Liu;Xiao Liu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.05300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.05300","url":null,"abstract":"Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading in a multiple-microgrid (MMG) community is emerging with the proliferation of distributed energy resources in the distribution network. To achieve maximum social welfare and privacy preservation, continuous double auction (CDA) serves as an effective mechanism. However, bidding decision-making in the P2P market is challenging owing to intense market dynamics and a lack of a co-ordinated bidding strategy. Despite enabling intelligent bidding, existing multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods often lack a solid theoretical understanding of market behavior. In this context, this paper proposes a theoretically interpretable Trading Policy Monotonic Improved Learning (TPMIL) template featuring rigorous proof and sequential updates to the agents. It facilitates the interpretation of bidding strategies, understanding of market status through preceding agents' policies, and coordinated joint policy updates. Furthermore, a practical algorithm, i.e., Monotonic-Improved Trust Region Policy Optimization (MI-TRPO), is cast onto the template to optimize the bidding strategy, which eliminates potential bidding conflicts among peers and stabilizes the training process. Case studies on the modified IEEE 33-bus system show the proposed method can yield stable P2P outcomes and reduce community costs.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1728-1739"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11006358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148747536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-Space and Impedance Modeling Methods for Stability Analysis of Interconnected Power Electronic Systems","authors":"Keyou Wang;Chenxiang Gao;Jin Xu;Shiyao Qin;Chen Qi","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2025.00900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2025.00900","url":null,"abstract":"With the high penetration of renewable energy sources and the extensive use of power electronic devices, power electronic systems (PESs) may exhibit oscillations featuring a wide frequency range, multiple device interactions, and widespread propagation. These features pose challenges for traditional state-space model (SSM)- and impedance model (IM)-based analysis, resulting in a significant need for efficient small-signal stability analysis methods for large-scale PESs. This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art small-signal stability analysis methods of large-scale PESs, including the novel SSM-based analysis, single-bus IM-based analysis, and multi-bus IM-based analysis. The fundamental concepts, evaluations, and development trends of these methods are systematically reviewed. Moreover, the frequency-scanning-based and data-driven black-box models for grid-tied converters are discussed. Finally, a comparative analysis of different methods is presented.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1740-1753"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11338200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148749234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DC-Side Pole-to-Ground Fault Current Calculation for Multi-Terminal LCC-MMC Hybrid HVDC System","authors":"Zhen He;Pingliang Zeng;Yuanzhu Chang;Lijun Hang;Yanhua Liu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04870","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-terminal hybrid high voltage direct current (HVDC) system integrating both line commutated converter (LCC) and modular multilevel converter (MMC) is becoming an emerging solution for long distance and bulk power transmission. To protect this system from short circuits, the pole-to-ground (PTG) fault current calculation is of vital importance. However, PTG fault analysis faces three major challenges: nonlinear characteristics introduced by LCC, asymmetry of PTG fault and inherent coupling between DC transmission lines. In this paper, in light of the nonlinear obstacle, DC characteristics of LCC and its specific nonlinear form are analyzed. Then, for system-level fault current calculation, a linear transient model is established for LCC with the piecewise linearization method. To address the asymmetry and coupling issues, a common- and differential-mode (CDM) transformation-based analysis method is proposed. By transforming the multi-terminal hybrid HVDC system into CDM networks, analytical expressions of PTG fault currents are presented in this paper. Analytical expression of PTG fault current reveals the underlying fault mechanism, and can be used to select proper fault protection equipment, the validity of which is fully verified by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1975-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10058884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148746829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Grading Composite with Nonlinear Conductive Chains","authors":"Shaojie Wang;Xiao Yang;Xiaolei Zhao;Zhiwen Huang;Zhidu Huang;Qi Li;Jun Hu;Jinliang He","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.05880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.05880","url":null,"abstract":"Developing field grading materials with tunable electrical properties and superior mechanical properties is still an important problem. In this paper, composite with a chain-like structure of ZnO fillers is prepared by dielectrophoretic assembly. This novel field grading material presents an ultralow percolation threshold below 0.5 vol%, much less than 33 vol% in the traditional sense. Then, superior mechanical property is obtained: compared with traditional 35 vol% composites, tensile strength of 2 vol% chain-structured composites is increased from 4.5 MPa to 6.6 MPa, and elongation at break is increased from 77.5% to 162.5%. In addition, the chain-like structure of fillers works as an excellent conductive path, and switching field of this kind of field grading materials can be continuously tuned in the range of 580–1058 V/mm. This work is conducive to developing smart materials with capability to control the high electrical field self-adaptively.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"2128-2135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10165676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148746964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Flow Equilibrium of Transportation and Power Distribution Networks Considering Flexible Traveling Choices and Voltage Quality Improvement","authors":"Jiaqi Li;Xiaoyuan Xu;Zheng Yan;Han Wang;Yue Chen","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04810","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global spread of electric vehicles (EVs) has introduced significant interdependence between transportation and power networks. Most previous studies on coupled networks focus on the formation of equilibrium states between transportation and distribution networks but neglect diminishing the adverse influences of the interaction, especially the voltage quality problems caused by large and fluctuating charging loads. This paper constructs a dynamic interaction model of coupled networks considering both economic and safe operation. First, the dynamic traffic assignment problem is established considering both departure time and route choices, and a dynamic queuing model is designed to describe the EV queuing behaviors at fast charging stations (FCSs). Then, the charging load fluctuation toll is designed as an ancillary toll at FCSs and the bus voltage deviation penalty is considered in optimal power flow to guide the interaction of two networks and tackle the voltage deviation issue. Moreover, the equilibrium state is designed as a fixed-point problem and the solution's existence is proved under mild assumptions. Third, linearization and convex relaxation techniques are used to improve computational efficiency and a Monte Carlo simulation technique is developed to evaluate the influence of uncertain travel demands on coupled networks. Numerical simulations of coupled networks interaction analyses in deterministic and uncertain conditions are presented.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"1860-1873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148746995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz Imaging Reconstruction for Super-Resolution Identification of Millimeter-Scale Defects in XLPE Cable Insulation","authors":"Shuaibing Li;Daqi Zhang;Yi Cui;Yongqiang Kang;Haiying Dong","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.01110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.01110","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of micro-defects in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) composite insulation is crucial for effectively monitoring cable conditions. This study presents a deep learning approach to identify millimeter-scale defects within XLPE composite insulation using terahertz imaging reconstruction. Initially, a three-layer reflection model is established based on a simplified structure of XLPE insulation, and the terahertz transmission characteristics within this model are derived. Artificial defect models are then created for testing purposes. Subsequently, terahertz imaging tests are conducted, resulting in an image set containing typical defects. Utilizing this dataset, a deep learning-based image recognition algorithm called super-resolution residual network (SRResNet) is employed for high-resolution reconstruction of terahertz images, enabling the identification of defect sizes. The results demonstrate a 48% improvement in identifying millimeter-scale defects compared to traditional methods. This innovative approach addresses the challenge of detecting early small defects within the composite insulation of XLPE cables.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 4","pages":"2118-2127"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11006450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148747119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}