{"title":"Model-Based Location of Segmental Aging for Underground Power Cables in Distribution Grids","authors":"Yang Wu;Yanyong Yang;Pinjia Zhang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.01310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.01310","url":null,"abstract":"Power cable in distribution grids usually operates in nonuniform environments, leading to segmental aging of cable insulation. Location of segmental aging is highly desirable for early maintenance of power distribution grids, which can avoid severe insulation faults and improve system reliability. In this paper, a novel segmental aging location method based on voltage and leakage current measurements under multi-frequency common-mode (CM) monitoring signal injection is proposed. Segmental aging models for various types of cables are first developed, and a model-based location algorithm of segmental aging is then designed. Comprehensive simulations and case studies in PSCAD/EMTDC are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed method achieves more accurate location of aging accounting for various measurement noises, parameter uncertainties, and distribution grid structures.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"1029-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10375987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolutionary Characteristics of Interfacial Defects Inside Vehicle-Mounted High-Voltage Cable Termination for High-Speed Trains","authors":"Dongli Xin;Guangning Wu;Kui Chen;Kai Liu;Yunlong Xie;Guoqiang Gao;Song Xiao;Yujing Tang;Chuanming Sun;Mu Lin","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07910","url":null,"abstract":"Partial discharge caused by interfacial defects of cable terminations is an important factor affecting insulating performance, which will seriously threaten operational safety of high-speed trains by causing a breakdown fault of vehicle-mounted cable terminations. Simulation combined with experimentation is adopted to study the evolution characteristic of interfacial defects inside cable termination for high-speed trains. A simulation model and test samples of high-voltage cable terminations with prefabricated air gap and carbon trace defects are constructed. Results show that maximum field strength (MFS) at the defect is always located at the end of it. Evolution of the defects can be significantly divided into three stages based on the variation law of field strength and characteristics of partial discharge. A new feature of stage III is that volume of discharge in the third quadrant is significantly higher than in the first quadrant. PDEV in this stage is 51.41% lower than that of the defect-free cable termination and lower than operating voltage. Therefore, stage III is critical for detection of insulation state. Findings of the new characteristics and conclusions of the study provide strong support for improving operation and maintenance techniques of vehicle-mounted cable terminations.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"1072-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10058888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated Multi-Input Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems","authors":"Jun Cai;Xu Peng;Xin Zhang;Zhiquan Deng","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.01000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.01000","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-input bidirectional DC-DC converter is quite vital for a single system to interface multiple sources and allow energy exchange between sources and loads. In this paper, a general multi-input DC-DC converter topology and its control strategy are proposed for hybrid energy storage system. This converter can connect any number of power sources and make any ports controllable bidirectionally. To interface <tex>$N$</tex> power sources, only <tex>$N+1$</tex> controllable power switches are needed, which makes converter more compact with largely reduced power devices and driving circuits. Without loss of generality, a case with two sources <tex>$(N=2)$</tex> is utilized as a typical study case for experimental verification. Experimental results show this converter can interface two individual power sources simultaneously and ensure flexible power flow control with all ports bi-directionally. <tex>$N=2$</tex> converter structure can be developed as an integrated converter module, which is able to combine with traditional bidirectional buck/boost DC-DC converter (BBDC) to construct series-connected or parallel connected integrated converters for multi-source applications.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"1015-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10375984","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Improvement of VSG Dynamic Frequency Considering DC-Side Voltage Stability","authors":"Jican Lin;Shenquan Liu;Gang Wang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.00970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.00970","url":null,"abstract":"The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) enhances the dynamic performance of voltage source converter (VSC) by emulating the characteristics of Synchronous Generators (SGs). When implemented within Multi-Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) systems, the VSG plays a crucial role in regulating DC voltage. In such applications, it is imperative for the VSG to precisely follow the power references set by external DC voltage control loops. However, a tradeoff is identified in current VSG implementations with fixed inertia control: a conflict between rapid reference tracking and high virtual inertia, resulting in a compromise between the transient response of active power and angular frequency. Furthermore, VSGs equipped with DC voltage cascade control exhibit a conflicting relationship between voltage droop coefficients and damping coefficients. Given these complexities, this paper analyzes the impact of VSG control parameters on power, angular frequency, and DC-side voltage stability. Subsequently, a comprehensive parameter adaptive method is proposed, encompassing inertia, damping, and droop parameters. The objective is to provide a swift power response and stable frequency support while maintaining a balance between power regulation and frequency regulation across diverse operational conditions.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"864-877"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11006458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Optimal Energy Management of Multi-Energy Microgrids with Uncertainties","authors":"Yang Cui;Yang Xu;Yang Li;Yijian Wang;Xinpeng Zou","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.05120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.05120","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-energy microgrid (MEMG) offers an effective approach to deal with energy demand diversification and new energy consumption on the consumer side. In MEMG, it is critical to deploy an energy management system (EMS) to efficiently utilize energy and ensure reliable system operation. To help EMS formulate optimal dispatching schemes, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based MEMG energy management scheme with renewable energy source (RES) uncertainty is proposed in this paper. To accurately describe the operating state of the MEMG, the off-design performance model of energy conversion devices is considered in scheduling. The nonlinear optimal dispatching model is expressed as a Markov decision process (MDP) and is then addressed by the twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm. In addition, to accurately describe the uncertainty of RES, the conditional-least squares generative adversarial networks (C-LSGANs) method based on RES forecast power is proposed to construct the scenario set of RES power generation. The generated data of RES is used to schedule the acquisition of caps and floors for the purchase of electricity and natural gas. Based on this, the superior energy supply sector can formulate solutions in advance to tackle the uncertainty of RES. Finally, the simulation analysis demonstrates the validity and superiority of the method.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"1002-1014"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10609308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Yang;Zhinong Wei;Sheng Chen;Guoqiang Sun;Haixiang Zang
{"title":"Three-Stage Coordinated Operation of Electric and Natural Gas Systems with High Penetration of Renewables","authors":"Li Yang;Zhinong Wei;Sheng Chen;Guoqiang Sun;Haixiang Zang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02620","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing share of uncertain renewable energy generation and natural gas-fired power production in power systems, a deep integration between power and natural gas systems is highly desirable. We develop a three-stage coordinated operation model for two coupled systems, using stochastic programming to adapt to the uncertainty of wind power production. Compared with the conventional two-stage model, we introduce the intra-day-stage operation and obtain a more flexible adjustment. The natural gas system operation is a single stage (i.e., day-ahead scheduling), which is consistent with current practice. The fluctuation in gas demand associated with power generation caused by the intermittent wind power production at the intra-day and real-time operation is balanced by the line pack. Numerical results of two test systems verify the superiority of the proposed model over the two-stage model.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"991-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Pyrolysis of Metal Passivator on Characteristics of Insulating Oil Under Thermal Condition","authors":"Sihang Gao;Yiduo Chen;Tingjing Ke;Wei Hou;Shaoxuan Feng;Xisong Zeng","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08940","url":null,"abstract":"As a highly efficient antioxidant for oil-immersed transformers, adding benzotriazole and its derivatives to insulating oil is proved to be one of the most effective suppression methods for sulfur corrosion in transformers. However, high temperature during device operation may affect stability of metal passivator in oil. This study explores pyrolysis of metal passivator in oil and effect of its degradation on characteristics of insulating oil under thermal condition. Thermal ageing experiments on oil-paper insulation, both with and without varying concentrations of the metal passivators BTA, TTA, and Irgamet 39, are conducted to analyze oil property variations. These experimental findings, combined with molecular dynamics simulations of the pyrolysis of oil-passivator molecular systems, elucidate the pyrolysis and degradation mechanisms of metal passivators in oil from both macro and micro perspectives. Experiment results show pyrolysis and oxidation resistance of metal passivator in insulating oil depends on oil-paper insulation thermal ageing degree and dynamic change in passivator concentrations dissolved in oil, especially pyrolysis of passivator resulting in abnormal generation of stray gassing, further leading to misjudgment of DGA result. Combinational and complementary method of thermal ageing experiment and molecular simulation further elaborates effect of pyrolysis and oxidation resistance of metal passivator on characteristics of insulating oil under thermal condition.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"1086-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10376021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Xi;Zihao Li;Zongze Li;Hongjun Chen;Fangyan Bai;Yixiao Wang
{"title":"FDIA Localization Detection Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set-Multiple Hidden Layer Random Vector Functional Link Network","authors":"Lei Xi;Zihao Li;Zongze Li;Hongjun Chen;Fangyan Bai;Yixiao Wang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.06550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.06550","url":null,"abstract":"False data injection attacks seriously threaten the security and stability of the cyber-physical power system. To address the issue that existing attack detection methods struggle to accurately identify and locate the attacked bus, a location detection method based on an intuitionistic fuzzy set and a multiple hidden-layer random vector function link network is proposed in this paper. The proposed method extracts the data feature information of the complete measurement through a random vector function connection network to reduce the missed detection rate and expands it into a multi-hidden layer architecture to prevent overfitting of the detection method effectively. Meanwhile, the intuitionistic fuzzy method is employed to mitigate the impact of measurement noise on detection accuracy, thereby achieving high-precision attack location detection. A large number of experiments are conducted on the test systems of IEEE-14, IEEE-57, and IEEE-118 buses to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with various methods, it is verified that the proposed method has better accuracy, precision, F1 value, recall rate and AUC value.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"944-956"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11338162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng Li;Jiaxing Ning;Jinghan He;Sohrab Mirsaeidi;Ming Nie
{"title":"Initial Traveling-Wave-Based Single-Ended Setting-Less Protection for VSC-MTDC Grids","authors":"Meng Li;Jiaxing Ning;Jinghan He;Sohrab Mirsaeidi;Ming Nie","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06740","url":null,"abstract":"The main challenges associated with the existing protection schemes are that they are easily affected by the transition resistance and require threshold settings. To address such challenges, this paper proposes a single-ended setting-less protection scheme for VSC-MTDC grids which is based on waveform characteristics of initial traveling waves (ITWs). In this paper, first, the amplitude and transmission characteristics of the ITW are deduced, and then the characteristic that transition resistance only affects the amplitude of the ITW but does not affect its waveform is revealed. Subsequently, the difference between the ITWs in internal and external faults is investigated. Moreover, the time domain expressions of the ITW are obtained when faults occur on both sides of current-limiting reactor (CLR), respectively. Finally, an overall protection scheme is proposed which can distinguish between internal and external faults through comparing the similarity of ITW waveform. The salient feature of the proposed strategy is that it is not affected by the transition resistance, and has an adequate tolerance to the fault location, lightning disturbance, noise, etc. To verify the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed scheme, several simulations have been carried out on Zhangbei four-terminal VSC-HVDC grid using PSCAD/EMTDC software.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"915-927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resilience-Promoting Decentralized Robust Synthetic Restoration Strategy for Regional Integrated Energy System","authors":"Xiang Jing;Wenping Qin;Peng Wang;Xiaoqing Han;Hongmin Yao;Zhilong Zhu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06610","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies focused on meeting the demand of traditional single-energy loads by dispatching resources within a regionally integrated energy system (RIES), while overlooking the growing dominance of multi-energy loads. Meanwhile, uncertainty and communication link failures caused by contingencies gradually gain attention. Therefore, we propose a decentralized robust synthetic restoration strategy (SRS) that combines the integrated demand response (IDR) program and repair order to enhance the resilience of RIES. Considering the uncertainty of the repair time of the faulty components, we formulate the problem as a two-stage robust optimization model to minimize the restoration cost and interruption duration. We propose a decentralized approach to decouple the model based on different stakeholders to alleviate the communication tension. Meanwhile, we develop a specific solution procedure that considers the interference of binary variables and potential communication link failures in the decentralized solution. The results show that the proposed SRS improves the restoration cost anticipatively and reduces the interruption duration. The robust model can obtain restoration results for different degrees of conservatism. The proposed decentralized approach is reliable and scalable.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 2","pages":"957-968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10899107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}