Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Tracking the impact of bottom trawling on benthic habitat status.","authors":"Maider Plaza-Morlote, Ana García-Alegre, Alberto Serrano, Ulla Fernández-Arcaya, Antonio Punzón, Ana Rodríguez-Rúa, Sara Roman, Ana Magro, Marina Delgado, Juan Gil, José Manuel González-Irusta","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70303","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bottom trawling is the most widespread physical disturbance to marine benthic habitats, yet broadscale assessments of its impact remain limited. We developed a quantitative framework to evaluate trawling effects on benthic habitats at broad spatial scales based on the sentinels of seabed (SoS) indicator. We applied this approach across five broad benthic habitat types in the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Cádiz, two regions that are subject to substantial trawling pressure. Using data from over 2000 monitoring locations, we assessed habitat sensitivity to trawling through generalized additive models (GAMs) and the SoS indicator, which quantifies benthic habitat quality based on the proportion of sentinel species (i.e., species typical of the habitat and sensitive to the pressure). We also sought to establish scientifically grounded quality thresholds to assess bottom-trawling impacts by applying three complementary approaches: distance to degradation, natural variation, and detectable change. We conducted a temporal analysis to evaluate changes in trawling impacts over time. Impact assessments varied depending on the method used to determine thresholds, although the natural variation and distance to degradation approaches yielded consistent results. Despite the methodological differences, all approaches identified offshore circalittoral mud and offshore circalittoral mixed sediments as the most affected habitats. The Gulf of Cádiz had more overall impacts than northern Spain. Impacts decreased significantly across all benthic habitats in association with declining trawling intensity, although extensive areas remained at risk. Our approach provides a scalable and robust way to assess seabed condition at broad spatial scales. By establishing critical benchmarks for habitat quality and pressure, it offers a scientifically sound tool to inform national and regional marine management strategies. The approach supports the implementation of environmental policies, such as the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive, and contributes to achieving good environmental status.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70303"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral interventions to reduce demand for threatened freshwater turtles as pets.","authors":"Wuji Zheng, Beilu Duan, Anita Kar Yan Wan, Alexander Clark, Toby Park, Kristina Londakova, Freddy Parker, Xiaoxi Zhang, Lishu Li, Tien Ming Lee","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70327","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing demand for freshwater turtles as pets has fueled illegal trade and accelerated wild population declines, underscoring the need for theory-based demand-reduction interventions. We conducted a three-part randomized controlled trial with active turtle keepers (n = 1800) in China to test conservation- and legality-framed messages by comparing purchase intention before and after the intervention between treatment and control groups for two globally threatened species: Indochinese box turtle (Cuora galbinifrons) and the big-headed turtle (Platysternon megacephalum). Drawing on an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), we modeled frame-specific claim agreement, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived self-efficacy with structural equation models. Conservation and legality messages significantly reduced purchase intention relative to a no-message control (mean declines of 0.37-0.84 points on a 5-point scale across treatment arms) primarily through indirect psychological pathways. Conservation messages heightened harm-based evaluations and moral concern, whereas legality messages strengthened illegality appraisals and deterrence-related cognitions. Across models, claim agreement was a key proximal antecedent, subjective norms consistently predicted lower self-efficacy, and self-efficacy emerged as the most proximal positive predictor of intention. Perceived behavioral control showed no direct effect. Species-specific differences in pathways, suggestive of reactance in the big-headed turtle conservation model, reflected variation in legal signals and market narratives. Our findings highlight the importance of claim agreement, injunctive norms, and species context in shaping intervention outcomes. Demand-reduction campaigns may be more effective when tailored to species-specific legal and market conditions and when normative cues are paired with feasible alternatives and practical guidance that makes compliance achievable.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70327"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing responses of reef island seabirds to environmental and anthropogenic drivers.","authors":"Tristan Berr, Alexandre Millon, Pascal Dumas, Poetea Guehenneuc, Fany Perez, Hélène De Méringo, Julien Baudat-Franceschi, Éric Vidal","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70335","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tropical insular ecosystems face escalating, cumulative impacts of land- and sea-based ecological threats that jeopardize the long-term sustainability of their native communities. This joint vulnerability is epitomized by reef island seabirds, which are exposed to reef decline and coastal erosion driven by climate change, reduction in prey availability, human disturbance, and predation by invasive non-native species. Using site monitoring data acquired from 2000 to 2023, we investigated drivers of species presence and abundance for 15 seabird species (nine Laridae, three Sulidae, two Fregatidae, and one Procellariidae) on 100 coral reef islands around New Caledonia, South Pacific. We established presence and abundance estimates using a compendium of 2805 observations and tested the relative influence of onsite breeding habitat area, characteristics of neighboring marine environments, human visitation, and rodent presence. Responses to ecological drivers varied across species and highlighted distinct functional and taxonomic groups. The presence and abundance of pelagic-feeding species with high site fidelity were predominantly determined by the availability of breeding habitat, whereas the presence of coastal foragers, including most gulls and terns, appeared constrained by resource availability near breeding sites. Human disturbance had a significant negative influence on the presence of brown noddy (Anous stolidus; [-3.41; -1.20]), masked (Sula dactylatra; [-3.85; -1.21]), and brown (Sula leucogaster; [-4.57; -1.46]) and red-footed booby (Sula sula; [-9.58; -1.20]) and a significant positive influence on the abundance of the commensal silver gull (Larus novaehollandiae; [0.03; 0.09]). Our results emphasize the importance of habitat restoration and mitigation of human disturbance for preserving breeding sites of pelagic-feeding species. However, it may be difficult to sustain populations of coastal seabirds whose presence is mostly driven by small-scale prey distribution. Thus, a comprehensive approach that fully considers the functional diversity of target seabird communities is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of devegetation in framing vegetation loss rather than deforestation.","authors":"Rodrigo Béllo Carvalho, Ricardo Bomfim Machado, Rodolfo Dirzo, Ludmilla M S Aguiar","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70307","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of climate-related plant translocations by reinforcing populations with nearby genotypes.","authors":"H De Kort, F Van Daele, K Van Acker, G Cattebeke, D Deforce, F Van Nieuwerburgh, O Honnay","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70289","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assisted gene flow is used to increase the resilience of populations to climate change. Although the selection of genotypes used to reinforce populations is expected to have a significant impact on climate change vulnerability of target populations, the potential of nearby genotypes to increase climate resilience remains unexplored. With a common understory species, Primula elatior, we combined common garden experiments with conservation genomics to compare population reinforcement for climate adaptation with genotypes from southern France (southern) versus Belgium (regional) as sources for assisted gene flow. We used population genomic approaches to identify genetic markers associated with adaptation and investigated how these genomic signatures of adaptation changed from parents to offspring depending on the origin of the parents. Southern genotypes had the largest impact on the distribution of climate-associated genetic markers, but regional genotypes also increased adaptive potential, most likely due to microclimate differences between source and target populations. We argue that the importance of microscale environmental variation in boosting resilience to climate change deserves to be considered more frequently as a climate-oriented conservation strategy that has much less risk of outbreeding depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting snake ranges in a warming world.","authors":"Xinru Wan, Wei She, Wenke Chang, Guangping Huang, Huizhong Fan, Ziyan Liao, Guoliang Li, Xiaolong Hu, He Zhang, Zhenyu Wang, Weiwei Zhang, Fuwen Wei","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70293","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is driving major shifts in global snake biodiversity, yet large-scale assessments across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and genetic dimensions remain limited, hindering effective conservation. We compiled 3,486,894 records of 3044 species across seven biogeographic realms to evaluate current spatial patterns of diversity and to project future range dynamics and conservation priorities under different climate change scenarios. We constructed species distribution models for 1201 species to project range dynamics under four shared socioeconomic pathways across 10 global climate models and then applied generalized linear mixed models that integrated genetic and phylogenetic diversity to assess conservation priorities. Of 1201 species, 542 (45.1%) were projected to experience significant range contractions (a mean range loss of 11.62%). Of these, 175 species (14.6%) were projected to undergo both range loss and shifts of more than 400 km, and 103 of 775 species (13.3%) were projected to exhibit range contraction and low genetic diversity. Range shifts were widespread, especially in the Palearctic, with >60% of genera expected to move >100 km. Species in tropical forests and montane habitats were disproportionately at risk of range contraction and range shifts. Current protected areas (PAs) covered only 20-40% of the ranges of threatened snakes, and 81 of 341 genera (23.7%), such as Boa and Lachesis, were projected to lose habitat more rapidly inside PAs than outside. We identified four groups of conservation priority based on range vulnerability, genetic risk, and conservation gaps: taxa facing both range contraction and long-distance shifts; genetically vulnerable taxa with shrinking ranges; taxa inadequately covered by PAs; and taxa projected to lose habitat faster inside PAs than outside. These findings underscore the urgent need for spatially adaptive, genetically informed, and climate-resilient conservation strategies to protect the evolutionary potential of global snake diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the need for accurate IUCN data and transparent methods: Response to Lin et al. (2025).","authors":"Monica V Biondo, Ricardo Calado","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70380","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70380","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70380"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algal overgrowth disproportionately undermines fish species richness in coral-rich reefs.","authors":"Shurong Liu, Min Liu, Zhixin Zhang, Ling Cao","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Algal overgrowth on coral reefs threatens reef fish species richness worldwide, yet the variation in this pressure across gradients of coral cover remains unclear. Using a global dataset spanning 2006-2023, we examined how cover by low-lying algae and macroalgae modulates the relationship between live hard coral cover and fish species richness. Our results demonstrated that overgrowth of both algal groups attenuated the positive contribution of coral cover to fish species richness, with context-dependent thresholds: the effects of low-lying algae were observed when coral cover was below 45%, whereas the effects of macroalgae persisted until 65% coral cover. Notably, within these ranges, the negative impact of algal overgrowth on fish richness was linearly amplified as coral cover increased. Trait analyses showed that the attenuation strength varied among fish species according to their diet and body size. By synthesizing findings on specific coral-cover thresholds for algal impacts and fish trait-mediated vulnerabilities, our study provides a strategic basis for algal management designed to prevent rapid declines in fish species richness and protect highly sensitive functional guilds, thereby ensuring the stability of coral reef ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing safeguards against the illegal wildlife trade on AI platforms.","authors":"David L Roberts, Jason R C Nurse","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AI platforms, while offering many positive applications, also present new risks to society, including the facilitation of trade in threatened and illegal wildlife. Although these platforms employ safeguards to block harmful or criminal requests, studies show such protections are imperfect and can be easily bypassed. To better understand these risks, we investigated the potential for AI platforms to enable wildlife trafficking, evaluated their safeguards, and tested how easily those safeguards might be circumvented. We applied a test set/case methodology based on three prompts across seven AI platforms (plus a Google earch) for 20 taxa. Further, we analyzed the outputs based on four emergent themes: statements of legality, conservation status, suggested substitutions, and welfare concerns. Overall, AI platforms performed better than a standard Google search at preventing potentially illegal wildlife trade, with the highest overall scores for Gemini, closely followed by DeepSeek, Grok, and ChatGPT. However, AI platforms were not infallible, as observed when a prompt was given in an attempt to circumvent the platform's safeguards, which resulted in links to potential websites trading in possibly illegal wildlife. However, AI platforms provided additional information, particularly on legality, that informed would-be consumers. The strongest safeguarding responses were seen for charismatic taxa such as slow loris (Nycticebus spp.), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), and tiger (Panthera tigris), whereas the weakest responses were for taxa that are less charismatic but of equal concern, such as corals, tarantulas, and orchids. This finding may reflect societal and political interests, given that AI platforms based on large language models are trained with online information. Although AI has the potential to provide a route for consumers to purchase illegal wildlife, platforms currently appear to provide additional information to would-be consumers, allowing them to make a more informed purchasing decision than they would with a standard Google search.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating the suitability of amphibians and reptiles for translocation.","authors":"M Winand, S Wren, M Saffarzadeh, M E Woodley, T G Martin, J M Germano","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scale of amphibian and reptile translocations over the past 16 years necessitates a reassessment of current practices since the last major review in 2009. We conducted a literature review of translocations from 2007 to 2023 and identified 313 case studies encompassing conservation-, mitigation-, and research-related translocations. Most published efforts were conservation-driven, focusing primarily on reptiles in North America, Oceania, and Europe. We evaluated translocation success with both authors' self-assessments and a standardized success-stage framework (Stages 0-4), where Stage 4 represents the highest level of long-term success. Success rates differed substantially between translocation types. High success (Stages 3 and 4) was achieved in 19% of conservation case studies; however, only 6% of mitigation case studies reached Stage 3, and none reached Stage 4. Mitigation translocations also had approximately double the failure rate of conservation translocations. Conservation translocations more frequently incorporated pretranslocation threat removal and long-term postrelease monitoring, both significantly associated with higher success stages (threat removal: estimate = 2.43, p < 0.001; monitoring duration: estimate = 0.93, p < 0.001). In contrast, mitigation translocations were less consistent in implementing and evaluating these practices. Overall, success rates across all translocation types were lower than in previous reviews, likely reflecting the inclusion of a substantially larger number of projects, including some that have not yet been monitored long enough to reach later success stages. Our findings indicate that mitigation translocations, under current practices, rarely achieve conservation objectives, highlighting the need for greater emphasis on proactive habitat protection and restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70396"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149058736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}