Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Scientists' warning on the global destruction of rock outcrop ecosystems.","authors":"Luiza F A de Paula, Lucas N Perillo, Gianluigi Ottaviani, Flávio F Carmo, Mandar N Datar, Katherine C Enebeli-Ekwutoziam, Bruno Fogliani, Stephen D Hopper, Aboli Kulkarni, Hans Lambers, Rafael F Magalhães, Frederico S Neves, Jean-François Ponge, Stefan Porembski, Bruno H P Rosado, Fernando M G Santos, Elycée Tindano, Bram Vanschoenwinkel, Aparna Watve, Fernando A O Silveira","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rock outcrops are geological formations that harbor a highly specialized biota adapted to harsh environmental conditions that differ from their surrounding landscapes. They are globally distributed, especially in old, highly weathered landscapes, and can function as habitat islands containing high levels of endemism and distinct evolutionary lineages. Despite their ecoevolutionary importance, rock outcrops remain largely overlooked in global conservation policy, ecosystem typologies, and biodiversity monitoring frameworks. Extractive activities directly remove the geological substrate that underpins these habitats, and climate change intensifies drought, heatwaves, and hydrological instability. Rising global demand for energy-transition metals required for decarbonization is expected to further accelerate these pressures, particularly in biodiverse regions of the Global South where governance is weaker. Given that rock outcrop ecosystems are ecologically and evolutionarily significant, we devised a policy-relevant conservation roadmap structured around prevention, mitigation, restoration, and governance issues. Priority actions include recognizing rock outcrops as unique ecosystems in global classifications and ecosystem typologies, integrating them into biodiversity monitoring frameworks, and improving the identification of key biodiversity areas and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Ecosystems assessments. We call for stronger environmental impact assessments, cumulative-impact evaluations for mining and quarrying projects, and the designation of mining and quarrying exclusion sites of high irreplaceability. Coordinated international policy, improved ecological data, and meaningful engagement with local and Indigenous communities are essential to safeguard these ancient ecosystems before further, irreversible losses occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70316"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How identity bias affects perceptions of conservation messages on social media.","authors":"Lauren F Rudd, Yolanda Mutinhima, Shorna Allred, Amy J Dickman, Darragh Hare","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public support is essential for conservation, as public opinion can influence decision-making and policy. Therefore, understanding whether bias toward conservationists due to their identity (identity bias) affects their perceived credibility and support for their recommendations is important. We conducted a vignette-style experiment to investigate the extent to which identity bias influences the U.K. public's perceptions of African lion (Panthera leo) conservation messengers on X. We chose this focal species because of its global appeal and high public engagement in lion conservation on social media. We created 24 fictitious X profiles with a pinned post about lion conservation and presented one profile to each of 1290 study participants (stratified to match the U.K. population regarding age, gender identity, and ethnicity). We held the lion conservation post constant across all profiles but manipulated four experimental variables-the gender, race, expertise, and nationality of the messenger. We evaluated the effects of these variables on three response variables: respondents' perception of the credibility of post content, the likelihood they would support implementing the lion conservation recommendation, and the trustworthiness of the messenger. Men were perceived to be more credible than women. Support for implementing a lion conservation strategy was stronger when communicated by White professors than by Black professors. Explicit trust in the source of lion conservation information followed the same pattern. Additionally, there was an interaction effect of gender and race, with Black women perceived to be the least trustworthy. As such, our study highlights that bias against conservation messengers based on their identity may affect their credibility and uptake of their recommendations. Such bias is particularly concerning given the ongoing injustices and entrenched power inequalities in global conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70315"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of devegetation in framing vegetation loss rather than deforestation.","authors":"Rodrigo Béllo Carvalho, Ricardo Bomfim Machado, Rodolfo Dirzo, Ludmilla M S Aguiar","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for biobanking of nonhuman genome data connected to Indigenous Peoples and lands.","authors":"Alida de Flamingh, Nathan Alexander, Joshua D Diaz, Alyssa C Bader, Ripan S Malhi","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of funders in embedding tests in conservation practice.","authors":"Rebecca K Smith, Nancy Ockendon, Nida Al-Fulaij, Alessandro Badalotti, Rachel Beattie, James Byrne, Sophia Cooke, Tiago de Zoeten, Winifred F Frick, Stephan M Funk, Douglas Gibbs, Lauren Gupta, Tatiana Hendrix, Becky Holmes, Nicola Johnstone, James Kinghorn, Simon Mickleburgh, Florence Miller, Matthew Muir, Jacob R Owens, Danni Parks, Victoria Reilly-Pinion, Hannah Reid, Kevin Seely, Julien Semelin, Taylor Shaw, Ruth D Swetnam, Lisa Wheeler, William J Sutherland","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective conservation practice requires decisions based on reliable and relevant evidence, but significant gaps in the evidence base exist. Incorporating well-designed tests of the effectiveness of interventions for biodiversity in conservation projects is one of the best ways to scale up the rate of evidence generation. Funders of conservation projects are uniquely positioned to support and incentivize such tests as part of the grant-making process. Using a structured process, as 25 conservation funders and members of Conservation Evidence, we identified means of improving the effectiveness of the work funded through the support of enhanced evidence generation. We identified 11 approaches through which funders can support embedding testing, ranging from encouraging inclusion of a test in the project proposal, to designating separate funds for incorporating a test, to supporting an external testing unit to provide training and advice. The appropriate approaches vary depending on the scale, process, and type of funding. Barriers to supporting testing and potential solutions were discussed, barriers such as a lack of skills to check tests are appropriate and well designed and the additional time needed to develop, implement, and see outcomes of tests and differing types of projects. By encouraging testing of actions as part of conservation practice (where appropriate), funders will ultimately facilitate a stronger evidence base for more effective decision-making and better outcomes for nature and society.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70309"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the transformative potential of action proposals in Finnish Red Lists from 1986 to 2019.","authors":"Anni Arponen, Anna Salomaa, Henna Fabritius, Aino Juslén, Saija Kuusela","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red lists provide critical knowledge regarding biodiversity decline, especially in Finland, where broad assessments have been made regularly since the 1980s. They deliver information on the threat status of species and ecosystems, propose actions to guide conservation policy, and have the potential to spur transformative change. We examined whether the transformative potential of the proposals has changed over time. We analyzed the contents qualitatively and quantitatively of seven Finnish Red Lists of Species or Ecosystems from 1986 to 2019. We used a prior analysis of transformative potential of conservation actions in the Conservation Measures Partnership classification (such as outreach or conservation designation and planning), which identified Meadows' sustainability leverage points (i.e., in complex systems, a point at which a small change can lead to large changes) associated with each action category. We also determined the number of proposals that overlapped with sectors beyond conservation. We used a nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend test and linear models to analyze temporal trends in the data. Cross-sectoral proposals increased over time, but there was only a small shift toward actions that influenced the root causes of biodiversity loss (i.e., deep leverage actions). In the qualitative assessment of how the actions were proposed to be implemented, actions became more complex and effectiveness of implementation increased, demonstrating a change within conservation action categories toward deeper leverage points. This increasing transformative potential can be a catalyst and a consequence of broader societal change driven by ongoing biodiversity loss. Red lists could play a role in transformative change, but the engagement of actors across society in devising action proposals must be inclusive and cover expertise from the social sciences and humanities. Our results emphasize the importance of considering complementary dimensions of transformative change simultaneously to achieve a comprehensive understanding of viable paths to societal change.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70312"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global assessment of animal community responses to agricultural management.","authors":"Susana López Rodríguez, Hanneke van 't Veen, Solen Le Clec'h, Rob Alkemade","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transitions in agricultural management through crop and noncrop diversification on intensively managed croplands or pastures have benefited biodiversity. However, the extent to which agricultural management benefits species communities present in undisturbed ecosystems remains largely unclear. We quantified the animal biodiversity associated with a range of agricultural systems varying in crop and noncrop diversity and compared these with biodiversity associated with undisturbed reference ecosystems (mostly forests). We added data on agricultural management to three large databases-PREDICTS, GLOBIO, and a database compiled by Kuipers et al.-and grouped 107,386 observations from 151 studies into one of nine agricultural classes. We evaluated the animal biodiversity associated with the agricultural class, including the presence of threatened species, based on four biodiversity metrics (intactness, relative richness, compositional similarity, relative abundance). Biodiversity of monoculture annual and perennial croplands was least like that of reference ecosystems across biodiversity metrics. We found small biodiversity benefits of crop diversification and the presence of sparse trees on farmland. Biodiversity in agroforests and silvopastures was the most similar to reference ecosystems, probably due to a high density of trees, resulting in similar vegetation structure and diversity to undisturbed forests. Over time, biodiversity increased in agroforests, whereas the biodiversity of perennial croplands remained stable. Overall, our results suggested that the extent to which species associated with undisturbed ecosystems find refuge in agricultural areas is influenced by agricultural management, but different types of agricultural systems produced varying benefits. The outcomes of our study highlight the potential of introducing agricultural policies that aim to enhance agricultural management through tree planting and crop diversification to accommodate species that inhabit undisturbed ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70299"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centering geospatial data uncertainty and the potential for injustice in pastoralist rangeland conservation prioritization.","authors":"Ryan R Unks","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Procedural, distributional, recognitional, and epistemic justice aspects of conservation interventions are well documented in contexts where pastoralism is a key livelihood and way of life. Geospatial analyses and representations of wildlife conservation and restoration that are increasingly applied in pastoralist rangeland socioecological systems create the potential to make these injustices invisible. Current global-extent publicly-available data and analysis methods cannot be used to accurately characterize or produce generalizations about diverse, variable pastoralist practices or their relations with rangeland ecosystems. In particular, these geospatial data do not adequately represent complex livestock mobility practices or pastoralists' diverse ways of relating to land and wildlife. When they are used to provide evidence for conservation interventions, the inherent uncertainties and limitations of geospatial data and analyses, coupled with ongoing political marginalization of pastoralists, creates a high risk of perpetuating historical injustices and extending new injustices. Epistemic injustices will likely remain a concern even with technological advancement because conservation science itself lacks a sufficient conceptual basis to adequately recognize pastoralists' land use, ecological relations, decision-making processes, and knowledges. When geospatial analysis is used to inform conservation policy and practical applications in pastoralist rangelands, its use should be critically examined with respect to: whether it can technically account for ecological and social variability; how compound uncertainties arise when multiple data layers are used to produce knowledge about socioecological interactions; and how uncertainties become masked by epistemic biases, creating a deceptive sense of certainty and generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent illegal sturgeon fishing in the Caspian Sea.","authors":"Ilya Ermolin, Pavel Suvorkov","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing driven by artisanal small-scale fisheries is a critical threat to global biodiversity and is exemplified by the commercial extinction of Caspian sturgeons (Acipenser and Huso). A key knowledge gap persists regarding the scale and behavioral dynamics of these operations. We tested the hypothesis that persistent high-volume sturgeon poaching is sustained not by fleet growth but by an intensification of fishing effort per boat, a behavioral adaptation to state containment policies. We administered structured questionnaires to 53 members of 24 sturgeon fishing brigades (SFBs) in Dagestan, Russia, from 2020 to 2021 and verified the data collected with written catch records. To overcome data limitations, we developed a seasonal (September to June) analytical model. This included indirect standardization to control for seasonality and factor analysis to deconstruct catch trends. Survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier) were used to validate changes in the timing and intensity of fishing activity. From 2018 to 2021, the 24 SFBs harvested an estimated 82,193 kg of sturgeon across 319 trips. Active SFBs decreased from 21 to 17. However, fishing effort intensified dramatically, with fishing months per brigade increasing by nearly 50%, from 4.33 to 6.42. This resulted in a 49% increase in catch per brigade. Concurrently, catch volume per fishing month declined, indicating reduced efficiency. Our findings suggest that state containment policies have not curbed poaching and may have instead spurred effort intensification. Based on our expertise and contextual analyses, we hypothesize that the state's hatchery program functions not only as an ecological intervention but also as a political compensatory mechanism, creating a conservation paradox where supplementation of sturgeon numbers inadvertently subsidizes the illegal fishery, which drives lethal bycatch of the endangered Caspian seal (Pusa caspica). The autonomy of Dagestani communities, rooted in socioeconomic exclusion, renders standard conservation solutions infeasible, locking the system into a feedback loop of overexploitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70300"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the use of expert opinion in disease risk analysis for conservation translocations.","authors":"John G Ewen, Stefano Canessa, Caitlin E Andrews, Katie M Beckmann, Irene Bueno, Deidre K Fontenot, Caio Kenup, Suzanne Medina, Axel Moehrenschlager, Francesco Origgi, Bruce Rideout, Anthony W Sainsbury, Thierry M Work, Claudia Carraro","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conservation translocations are subject to considerable uncertainty and risk, of which disease is one of the most recognized. To address disease risks, several protocols for qualitative disease risk analysis (qDRA) exist and are used for responsible conservation translocation planning. Existing qDRA protocols usually rely on expert judgment, but they lack quantitative aggregation of elicited estimates, transparent treatment of uncertainty, and explicit comparison of alternative disease risk management pathways. We added these factors to a qDRA for translocation of a charismatic species that is extinct in the wild, the sihek (Guam kingfisher) (Todiramphus cinnamominus). We asked a panel of seven independent experts to quantify their judgment of risks of pathogen release, exposure, and consequences for seven pathogen hazards under three translocation management scenarios. Experts suggested that implementing a full biosecurity protocol would reduce risk for several pathogen hazards but would have variable effectiveness (11-65% depending on the hazard). There was substantial uncertainty associated with individual experts and noise among different experts, showing the potential for error if decisions are based on single-point judgments (i.e., providing judgment of a central tendency without accounting for uncertainty) from one expert or on collaborative consensus of multiple experts, as is current practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70292"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}