Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Identifying the exposure of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of steppe birds to renewable energy development.","authors":"Pablo Medrano-Vizcaíno, François Mougeot, Beatriz Arroyo, Gerard Bota, David Giralt, Laura Maeso-Pueyo, Carlos A Martín, Manuel B Morales, Pedro P Olea, Juan Traba, Ana Benítez-López","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70291","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodiversity is globally threatened by human impacts, including land-use transformation and climate change, which has prompted a rapid transition from fossil fuels to cleaner energy sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) energy. However, utility-scale PV plants require vast areas and can lead to conflicts with biodiversity conservation, making strategic planning essential. We used steppe birds, a highly threatened group occurring in lands potentially suitable for PV plants, as a model to evaluate the spatial overlap between conservation priorities and PV infrastructure. We quantified and mapped taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and phylogenetic (PD) diversity of 26 species across one of the main strongholds of European steppe birds (mainland Spain and Balearic Islands) to identify prioritization scenarios that best preserved all steppe bird diversity facets (TD, FD, and PD) and steppe birds of conservation concern. We generated a multifaceted diversity map based on the combination of TD, FD, and PD and overlaid existing PV infrastructure to determine bird exposure areas (i.e., high multifaceted diversity with current high PV occupancy) and PV avoidance areas (high multifaceted diversity with low or no current PV occupancy). The prioritization scenario that combined TD, FD, and PD retained 68.5% of TD, 75.5% of FD, and 59.7% of PD and 62.8% of areas with species of conservation concern, providing a more balanced representation across biodiversity facets than other prioritization scenarios. PV infrastructure occurred in 53.1% of high-multifaceted-diversity cells. Exposure areas (7.2% of the study area) were mainly concentrated in central, southern, and northwestern Spain, and PV avoidance areas (19.9% of the study area) were concentrated in northern, central, and central-western Spain. Our method is adaptable to other species, communities, and regions and offers a robust framework for balancing development projects with biodiversity conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70291"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric framework for coexistence with large carnivores.","authors":"Benjamin Ghasemi, Gerard Kyle, Tara Teel, Rebeca Niemiec, Kevin Crooks, Jenny Anne Glikman, Neil H Carter, John A Vucetich, Michelle L Lute, Stewart Breck, Beatrice Frank, Dana Hoag, Jonathan Salerno, Lily M van Eeden, Jeremy T Bruskotter","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human-carnivore coexistence is essential for biodiversity conservation, yet measuring the attitudes and behaviors that support it remains methodologically challenging. We developed psychometric scales to assess willingness to coexist with carnivores and the underlying beliefs of this coexistence through an iterative expert elicitation process grounded in risk perception theory and moral psychology to ensure strong content validity. The scales measure willingness to coexist and encompass individual and collective behaviors and their cognitive antecedents: perceived positive consequences, perceived negative consequences, and ethical considerations. We validated the scales based on three representative samples of Colorado residents (n = 434, 442, 433) focused on gray wolves (Canis lupus), mountain lions (Puma concolor), and black bears (Ursus americanus). Validation involved expert review, cognitive interviews, confirmatory factor analyses, and measurement invariance testing across species. The scales demonstrated strong construct validity, with factor structures consistent with theoretical expectations and evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was supported through associations with related attitudes and behavioral intentions. These instruments offer researchers a robust, theory-driven framework for examining human-wildlife interactions that facilitates standardized comparisons across species and contexts. For practitioners, the psychometric scales provide a practical means to assess public readiness for coexistence, monitor attitudinal change over time, and design interventions tailored to specific belief structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70326"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The link between colorfulness and extinction risk across the world's passerine birds.","authors":"Montague H C Neate-Clegg, Natalia Ocampo-Peñuela","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70332","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many of the functional traits that mediate extinction risk across the range of biodiversity relate indirectly to a species' ability to persist in a changing world, yet certain traits such as coloration directly affect human interactions with wildlife. We used an existing dataset of color metrics combined with global functional trait data for 4334 passerine bird species to determine whether colorfulness-that is, the total number of discrete colors in trichromatic color space-predicts two measures of extinction risk: a binary variable indicating whether a species is least concern or not and an ordinal variable of threat level. We also controlled for the potentially confounding effects of four other traits: body size, dispersal ability, forest dependency, and diet. In addition, we assessed whether the global relationship between extinction risk and colorfulness varies by biogeographic realm, breeding latitude, or human development index. Overall, we found that compared with drab species, colorful passerines are at a greater risk of extinction, and this is especially true in Indomalaya and Australasia. We also found that the strength of this relationship is greater for species at higher breeding latitudes and species inhabiting countries with a lower human development index. Finally, we showed that more colorful birds are at greater risk of extinction due in part to the pet bird trade, which favors more attractive species; however, the positive relationship between extinction risk and colorfulness exists even for species not known from the pet trade, suggesting other mechanisms for this relationship. Closing the gap in threat status requires accurate evaluation of the threats to drab and colorful species alike, while also combatting the known threats to colorful birds including illegal trade.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70332"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Capacity and capability of remote sensing to inform invasive plant species management in the Pacific Islands region\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70124"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for maximizing the benefit from retaining regrowth on private land.","authors":"Hannah Thomas, Jeremy S Simmonds, Michelle S Ward, Laura J Sonter, Martine Maron","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70278","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conservation interventions often have lower-than-desired positive impacts, as revealed by retrospective counterfactual-based evaluations. To address this, a prospective counterfactual-based approach can be used to estimate potential benefits and design conservation interventions to maximize outcomes. We developed a framework for estimating the expected benefit of retaining natural regeneration of forest and woodland ecosystems (hereafter regrowth). First, we considered the additionality of retaining regrowth, by developing a model of deforestation risk. Second, we considered the potential habitat value that the regrowth provides to 29 threatened species, based on expert-elicited estimates for each species that account for regrowth age. Then, we combined this information to identify where retention of regrowth would yield the greatest additional benefits. Applying this framework to a case study in Queensland, Australia, which contains globally significant deforestation rates and exceptional biodiversity, we found that areas with the greatest expected benefit from retaining regrowth differ greatly when both averted loss of regrowth clearing and threatened species habitat are considered together, versus when these factors are considered individually. We also found that most (56%) of the highest expected benefit areas (i.e., above the 90th percentile) were consistently identified regardless of whether species were treated equally or weighted based on their threatened status or proportion of habitat occurring in regrowth. Our results can help guide conservation investment in the region, and we recommend a similar approach be used more broadly when designing conservation interventions to maximize benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the protection status and exposure to warming of Caribbean reefs with high functional potential.","authors":"Sara M Melo-Merino, Andrés Lira-Noriega, Enrique Martínez-Meyer, Héctor Reyes-Bonilla, Lorenzo Álvarez-Filip","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70302","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decades, climate change has emerged as a major threat to global biodiversity, negatively affecting the integrity and functioning of ecosystems and the benefits they provide to people. To mitigate these impacts, it is essential to identify climate refugia that support the persistence of the structure and function of reef ecosystems. Although most refugia analyses focus on thermal exposure to define priority areas, they often overlook other critical ecological and physical aspects of the ecosystems. We conducted the first assessment of climate refugia based on thermal exposure of a key attribute of coral reefs: their physical functionality. We used a previously published estimation of the potential for physical functionality of coral reefs in the Greater Caribbean. We used these estimates, thermal anomaly projections for 2049, and 10 Earth system models under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs 3-7.0 and 5-8.5) to define priority reefs as those exhibiting high potential for physical functionality and having low exposure to climate change anomalies (refugia criteria). Forty-six percent of the priority reefs meeting the refugia criteria were unprotected. Several Caribbean countries had high potential to increase protection for functionally important reefs, including the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, the Turks and Caicos Islands, Panama, Cuba, Belize, Haiti, Honduras, Guatemala, and Jamaica. These findings provide a valuable tool for integrating the functional aspects of ecosystems when identifying priority conservation areas in the face of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70302"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147873377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the use of taxonomy in the IUCN Red List.","authors":"Stephen T Garnett, Claire E Johnston, Phil Bowles, Les Christidis, Stijn Conix, J W Duckworth, Aaron Lien, Frank E Zachos, Joeri Witteveen","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Taxonomy defines the units that conservationists strive to preserve for future generations. However, the discovery of new species and the taxonomic revision of existing species affect conservation efforts. Despite the importance of taxonomy for a species' conservation, there is currently no overview of how those leading species extinction risk assessments use taxonomy. To fill this gap, we asked the chairs of the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Species Survival Commission Specialist Groups and other IUCN expert groups that coordinate extinction risk assessments about the state of taxonomy within their taxonomic group of interest, their sources of information, and what taxonomy-related challenges they encounter in conducting assessments. Most experts answered immediately and in detail, reflecting the importance of taxonomy. Approaches to taxonomy were diverse. Although most experts ignored debates about species definitions, for some groups, particularly mammals and birds, there were theoretical differences about what constitutes a species. Governance of species lists varied from individual experts making all decisions, to dedicated committees, to collective decisions for all taxonomic resolutions being made by others outside the group. The extent to which current taxonomy represents the views and consensus of the taxonomic community with an interest in that taxonomic group is not known. However, the taxonomies used in IUCN assessments differ from those used by other species conservation initiatives led by multilateral environmental agreements or the Catalogue of Life. Greater alignment is possible and could be beneficial, though it may constrain the flexibility and adaptability in taxonomic decision-making that informs IUCN Red List assessments. We argue that regardless of the extent to which further alignment is sought, there is potential to enhance taxonomic list governance within the IUCN.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70306"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salary inequality as a predictor of biodiversity research output in Africa.","authors":"Harith Farooq, Isildo de N Nganhane","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70295","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African nations contribute <1% of global scientific output, with biodiversity research productivity constrained by political instability, limited infrastructure, and restricted access. An often-overlooked barrier is low salaries, which limit the feasibility of fieldwork for local researchers. Using publication data from the Scopus database, we explored the relationship between salary disparities among locally affiliated and non-African-affiliated researchers (i.e., foreign researchers) and biodiversity research output in Africa. We then used generalized linear models to test whether these disparities predicted national publication output and the proportion of foreign-affiliated studies. We found that salary disparities between locally based and foreign researchers were inversely correlated with national research productivity and positively correlated with the proportion of foreign-affiliated publications. Local researchers face major financial barriers to conducting fieldwork and are often unable to cover basic costs without external funding, whereas foreign researchers may still retain sufficient disposable income to self-finance high-quality fieldwork even after accounting for travel expenses. These disparities perpetuate reliance on foreign institutions, constrain local research capacity, and limit Africa's ability to address its unique conservation challenges. Addressing salary inequality is essential to strengthen local research capacity and ensure more equitable contributions to global biodiversity science, especially  given the rapid global decline of biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Extent of threats to marine fish from the online aquarium trade in the United States.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145523044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding drivers of coastal fishers' willingness to exit fishing in Zhejiang, China.","authors":"Yichong Dong, Jingmei Li","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70294","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global overfishing continues to threaten marine ecosystems and coastal livelihoods, making the reduction of fishing effort a critical conservation priority. One pathway to lessening overfishing is the voluntary exit of fishers from capture fisheries, yet the factors shaping such willingness remain insufficiently understood. We investigated exit intentions among coastal fishers engaged in marine capture fisheries (n = 446) in Zhejiang Province, China, within a sociopsychological framework that encompassed attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioral control, and value trade-offs. Data were collected through a cross-sectional, interviewer-administered questionnaire survey conducted face to face. We used structural equation modeling to test how these factors were associated with exit intentions. Respondents' willingness to exit capture fisheries was generally low. Respondents who had confidence in their transition capacity, had ecological concerns, perceived a transition as fair, and believed that the transition adhered to community expectations had higher exit intentions, whereas respondents with stronger livelihood risk perceptions had lower exit intentions. Results of our survey showed that exit decisions extended beyond economic rationality and were rooted in psychological assessments and social concerns. Recognizing these dynamics is crucial for conservation strategies to align with fishers' lived realities and to support sustainable livelihood transitions away from capture fisheries.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}