Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Navigating scale and interdisciplinary dynamics in conservation social science","authors":"Walker DePuy,&nbsp;Paul Thung,&nbsp;Viola Schreer,&nbsp;Wendy M. Erb","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To better understand and address global human–environment crises, interdisciplinary collaborations across the natural and social sciences have become increasingly common in conservation. Within such collaborations, the question of scale can cause tensions: how to agree on the unit of measurement and analysis? We contend there is value in scrutinizing the relationship between interdisciplinarity and scale more closely. Drawing on 2 research projects in Indonesia that integrate cultural anthropology and conservation biology, we focused on how these collaborations navigated questions of scale. We sought to illustrate that the relationship between interdisciplinarity and scale choices should be understood as situated in the context of the accelerating drive to scale up conservation science and practice impact. Current conservation discourse around scale deeply affects 3 interconnected factors: ethical and strategic considerations, epistemological parity, and institutional structures. However, interdisciplinary efforts can engage these factors in different ways that have implications for how research unfolds and responds to the push to scale up conservation. To cultivate more robust and resilient interdisciplinary collaborations between the natural and the social sciences, we recommend centering reflexive practices, recognizing the value of rescaling methods and goals, and reforming funding structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and opportunities for integrating social science in a conservation nongovernmental organization","authors":"Sara A. Thornton,&nbsp;Will Freeman,&nbsp;Lucy L. Jupe,&nbsp;Julia L. Newth,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Reeves,&nbsp;Kevin A. Wood,&nbsp;Stephen Woroniecki","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although the importance of social science to conservation practice and policy is well accepted, social scientists remain in the minority in conservation nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). We explored how social science has started to inform the work of WWT, an NGO dedicated to the restoration of wetlands for people and nature. Through reflections on our experiences working in WWT's social dimensions unit and interviews with colleagues from different backgrounds and roles, we critically reflected on the integration of social science in wetland conservation science, advocacy, and practice. Social science was a relatively new and marginal research domain for WWT. There was confusion within the organization around what social science entails and its value for conservation practice. We and our colleagues have faced challenges communicating across disciplines and establishing a rigorous ethical review process for social science research. It is difficult to navigate under a scarcity mindset in conservation (i.e., that there is not enough time, resources, or funding) and at the same time to build collaborations and long-term relationships and contribute to wider environmental and social movements. Social science integration brought multiple opportunities to WWT, including creating and showing impact, building support, and broadening funding opportunities. Social science was seen to inform campaigns and wetland restoration policy. Further integration of social science is needed at WWT. To achieve this, we recommend building confidence in the role of social science across teams through further training to improve organizational competency in social science theory and methods. We emphasize the need for thoughtful, long-term approaches alongside shorter term approaches to wetland restoration. We recommend that conservation NGOs promote practices of self-reflection to recognize the inherently political nature of conservation. We expect that our experiences and recommendations are relevant for other organizations. We invite other perspectives and hope our reflections lead to further conversations in the conservation sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of primate protection on threatened and endemic vertebrates, plants, ecosystem services, and future climate refugia.","authors":"Yin Yang, Chen Li, Yi-Hao Fang, Guo-Peng Ren, Zhi-Pang Huang, Yan-Peng Li, Liang-Wei Cui, Meng-Ran Chu-Yuan, Colin A Chapmman, Cyril C Grueter, Jian Zhou, Wen-Bo Yan, Xin Liu, Li-Xiang Zhang, Rui-An Tang, Ying-Ping Tian, Fei Li, Ke-Guo Hang, Peng-Ying Li, Paul A Garber, Rui-Dong Wu, Wen Xiao","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primates, 69% of which are threatened with extinction, are the third most specious order of mammals. We used primates as model taxa to examine the umbrella effects of primates on ecosystem services and the protection of other vertebrates and seed plants in Yunnan Province, China. We identified areas of conservation priority for 16 primate species and determined which other threatened and endemic terrestrial vertebrates and seed plants would be protected through a program targeting primate conservation. Areas of high primate species richness were spatially correlated with the distribution of 601 species of threatened and endemic vertebrates and 4010 seed plants. Primate species richness was positively correlated with carbon sequestration and enhanced water and soil conservation and coincided with future areas of climate refugia. If 30% of Yunnan's naturally forested regions were designated as primate conservation priority areas, then 52.3% of the province's average annual carbon sequestration, 51.7% of its water resources, 54.1% of its soil resources, and 30-33% of its climate-stable areas would be protected. Protecting primates as umbrella taxa uniquely contributes to maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services that promote ecosystem stability. Although we focused on a single mammalian order in a single region, our approach for umbrella taxa evaluation has broad applicability and can help achieve multiple conservation targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70019"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in estimates of extinction risk between occupancy and abundance data.","authors":"Mattia Falaschi, Elia Lo Parrino, Raoul Manenti, Gentile Francesco Ficetola","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporal trends in populations are often measured with presence-absence and abundance data. These data types are inherently different, but quantitative comparisons of threat statuses assessed through occupancy or abundance data are currently lacking. We applied International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria to estimate extinction risk of amphibians on the basis of data collected over 25 years. We examined whether occupancy and abundance models provided consistent threat status. Occupancy and abundance data suggested declines for the study species in the study area, but occupancy generally showed smaller proportional changes compared with abundance data. Abundance data yielded higher threat categories than occupancy data but were generally associated with larger uncertainties. With abundance data, population declines were found sooner than with occupancy data, but occupancy data estimates were more robust; thus, we advocate the integration of multiple measures of decline when assessing threat status.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70020"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of community characteristics to predict hunting and game harvests in western Amazonian forests.","authors":"Daniel Zayonc, Brian E Robinson, Oliver T Coomes, Yoshito Takasaki, Christian Abizaid","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wild game harvesting in Amazonia provides rural residents with protein and cash income but can threaten wildlife populations and forest ecosystem functions. As yet, the socioeconomic and environmental drivers that shape hunter livelihoods remain poorly understood. We studied hunting behavior in the Peruvian Amazon through a quantitative characterization of hunters accounting for community and household factors. Data on livelihood activities from a sample of nearly 3800 households in 232 stratified and randomly selected communities were drawn from a survey of the environmental and socioeconomic characteristics of 919 communities. Our double-hurdle model (i.e., 2-stage statistical model that describes whether a household participates in an activity and the amount they participate) separated household game harvesting decisions into 2 parts: first, based on a selection equation that estimated the decision to engage in hunting as a livelihood strategy and, second, based on a truncated lognormal regression equation that estimated total amount of game harvested by households engaged in hunting. We found that 28% of households surveyed reported hunting and that community factors, such as forest cover and distance to the city, drove hunting participation and harvests, although the factors predicting whether a household hunted differed from those that explained game harvests. Household traits, including initial land assets and household head age, were helpful in identifying hunters in communities. Government and nongovernmental organizations should consider socioeconomic and ecological interactions beyond the individual hunter when developing conservation initiatives. Informed targeting of communities in remote areas of Amazonia promises better allocation of scarce resources for wildlife conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of climate, virus, and host characteristics on the seroprevalence of pathogenic viruses in terrestrial mammals.","authors":"Huayao Gao, Yumei Li, Chao Zhang, Haoyang Wang, Yonggang Nie","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathogenic viruses are globally distributed and have caused severe diseases or death in wildlife populations, posing enormous threats to wild animals, especially threatened species. The transmission dynamics of pathogenic viral diseases are affected by complex factors and their interactions, such as climate, virus traits, host life-history traits, and environmental conditions. The seroprevalence of viruses can reflect the historical exposure of hosts to viruses and may indicate accumulated pathogenic viral disease severity in wildlife populations. We studied viruses with demonstrated virulence that have caused diseases or death in their natural hosts among wild terrestrial mammals. We extracted data on virus traits, host species, host life-history traits, and climate conditions from the peer-reviewed literature to explore their effects on and interactions with virus seroprevalence in wildlife populations. Ungulates were the most studied group followed by carnivores. The seroprevalence of pathogenic viruses was positively correlated with temperature in wildlife populations. The correlation between precipitation and virus seroprevalence was complicated and depended on different interactions of variables. Gregarious animals and nonmigratory ungulates were more vulnerable to high viral seroprevalence than other species. As global temperatures increase, drought will increase, and gregarious and nonmigratory ungulates may thus experience increased spread and incidence of pathogenic viruses, especially vector-borne viruses. Gregarious carnivores may face a high risk of outbreaks of viruses that are transmitted directly (e.g., canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, and rabies virus). Our results can be used to inform protocols for surveillance of specific viruses and susceptible host life-history traits to prevent epizootics in natural populations, which will be crucial for the conservation of terrestrial mammals under global climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70021"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation gaps for threatened ungulates in China under human disturbance and climate change.","authors":"Chao Zhang, Yumei Li, Xiaoyu Hu, Haoyang Wang, Zexuan Gao, Yonggang Nie","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of priority areas and conservation gaps in existing protected areas (PAs) is crucial for conservation of globally threatened species. However, understanding of conservation priorities is generally based on species richness and endemism, often overlooking evolutionary histories, species' functional roles, and the dynamics of all diversity indices relative to human impacts and future climate change. We analyzed the multiple diversity patterns of threatened ungulates in China at a 0.1° resolution under current and future climate scenarios and developed a more comprehensive framework for identifying priority conservation areas. Gross domestic product (GDP), human footprint index (HFP), land use, and climate had the greatest effect on distributions of threatened ungulates. The different facets of biodiversity and their dynamics were inconsistently represented across high-priority conservation areas. Existing PAs poorly represented priority areas based on the 5% highest values for the diversity indices we considered. Coverage of priority areas by PAs ranged from 28.8% to 30.4% under the current scenario alone and under a combination of the current scenario and 2 future scenarios. Only 21.5-22.2% of priority areas in eastern China were covered by PAs under all the scenarios, whereas >91.8% of the areas were threatened by high levels of human impacts. We identified gaps in areas of high priority for conservation of threatened ungulates and PAs in urgent need of strengthening. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple dimensions of diversity when identifying priority areas for threatened species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70014"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation-focused mapping of avian migratory routes using a pan-European automated telemetry network.","authors":"Lucy Mitchell, Vera Brust, Thiemo Karwinkel, Susanne Åkesson, Dmitry Kishkinev, Gabriel Norevik, Tibor Szep, Anders Hedenström, Sander Lagerveld, Barbara Helm, Heiko Schmaljohann","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accelerated biodiversity loss has destabilized functional links within and between ecosystems. Species that cross different ecosystems during migration between breeding and nonbreeding sites are particularly sensitive to global change because they are exposed to various, often ecosystem-specific, threats. Because these threats have lethal and nonlethal effects on populations, many migratory species are declining, making this group especially vulnerable to global change. To mitigate their decline, research at a continental and flyway scale is required to adequately monitor changes in the migratory and demographic processes of populations during all parts of the annual cycle. The Motus Wildlife Tracking System (Motus) could provide a solution to data gaps that exist for small, migratory species. Motus is an automated telemetry system for animal tracking that uses a single very-high-frequency radio signal to track tagged individuals. Motus can provide information on movements made by individuals of small migrant species, thereby aiding the understanding of aspects of their migration that could affect demographic parameters. Conservation-focused research opportunities related to Motus include identification of critical stopover sites that support and connect multiple species and insight into migratory decisions in small migrant birds related to environmental stressors, such as artificial light at night. Examples of stopover studies from the existing network that demonstrate its utility include identification of a high-conservation-value stopover area for the blackpoll warbler (Setophaga striata) in the eastern United States. Geographical gaps in the network across the Mediterranean region and across eastern Europe need to be filled to track continent-wide movements. Motus can provide individual-level migration information for a variety of small-bodied taxa, and a drive to expand the network will improve its ability to direct conservation plans for such species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70017"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in predictions of marine species distribution models based on expert maps and opportunistic occurrences.","authors":"Zhixin Zhang, Jamie M Kass, Ákos Bede-Fazekas, Stefano Mammola, Junmei Qu, Jorge García Molinos, Jiqi Gu, Hongwei Huang, Meng Qu, Ying Yue, Geng Qin, Qiang Lin","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species distribution models (SDMs) are important tools for assessing biodiversity change. These models require high-quality occurrence data, which are not always available. Therefore, it is increasingly important to determine how data choice affects predictions of species' ranges. Opportunistic occurrence records and expert maps are both widely used sources of species data for SDMs. However, it is unclear how SDMs based on these data differ in performance, particularly for the marine realm. We built SDMs for 233 marine fish species from 2 families with these 2 occurrence data types and compared their performances and potential distribution predictions. Opportunistic occurrences were sourced from field surveys in the South China Sea and online repositories and expert maps from the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List database. We used generalized linear models to explore drivers of differences in prediction between the 2 model types. When projecting to distinct regions with no occurrence data, models calibrated using opportunistic occurrences performed better than those using expert maps, indicating better transferability to new environments. Differences in marine predictor values between the 2 data types accounted for the dissimilarity in model predictions, likely because expert maps included large areas with unsuitable environmental conditions. Dissimilarity levels among fish families differed, suggesting a taxonomic bias in biodiversity data between data sources. Our findings highlight the sensitivity of species distribution predictions to the choice of distributional data. Although expert maps have an important role in biodiversity modeling, we suggest researchers assess the accuracy of these maps and reduce commission errors based on knowledge of target species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of important plant areas around the world.","authors":"Laura Kor, Fiona Perez, Karen Inwood, Iain Darbyshire, Mauricio Diazgranados","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Area-based approaches have long dominated biodiversity conservation and have been reinforced by the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The important plant area (IPA) approach is a leading framework for the spatial conservation prioritization of plants and fungi, but over 20 years since its launch, its application and conservation outcomes remained unevaluated. Through systematic mapping and semistructured interviews of key informants, we evaluated IPAs globally. We investigated where and how the framework has been applied, to what extent identification has led to plant conservation, how IPAs are perceived by plant conservationists and researchers globally, and key opportunities and challenges for IPAs. We reviewed over 140 relevant sources, spanning scientific publications, reports, websites, and databases, and interviewed 47 key informants. Most publications focused on developing guidance or identifying IPAs. Sixty-four percent of informants were aware of IPAs that had been incorporated into conservation processes, with broader benefits of IPAs also highlighted, such as generating botanical data. Overall perception of IPAs was positive; they were seen to provide a unifying focus for plant conservation and as maintaining a flexible and inclusive approach. Opinions were split on the effectiveness of IPA programs in engaging broader stakeholders or incorporating local ecological knowledge. Key themes affecting participant perceptions and lessons learned for bridging the research-implementation gap were found. Informants recommended that IPA programs globally seek more ambitious and targeted funding; tailor stakeholder communications; invest time in cross-sectoral stakeholder engagement; clarify relationships with key biodiversity areas; and create a single central hub for IPA information. With plants underpinning all terrestrial ecosystems, improved outcomes will have broad benefits for biodiversity protection, particularly as new IPA programs are launched in some of the most biodiverse countries in the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70013"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}