Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Two approaches to transform evolutionary biology","authors":"Marco Ferrante","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Radical by nature: The revolutionary life of Alfred Russel Wallace</b>. Costa, J. T. 2023. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. xviii+515 pp. US$39.95 (hardcover). ISBN 978-0-691-23379-6.</p><p><b>Enchanted by Daphne: The life of an evolutionary naturalist</b>. Grant, P. R. 2023. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. xii+ 345 pp. US$35.00 (hardcover). ISBN 978-0-691-24624-6.</p><p>Alfred Russell Wallace and Peter Raymond Grant are two biologists who marked evolutionary biology, each in their own distinct way. Wallace is the father of biogeography and, alongside Charles Darwin, the coauthor of the theory of evolution. Grant discovered that evolution can occur over relatively short periods (not just over geological time as Darwin posited); that evolution is unpredictable because selection pressures fluctuate with environmental conditions; and that hybridization can produce new species. While reading these books, I was struck by the many contrasts between the lives of the two figures. Wallace uncovered and understood the mechanisms of evolution in a world where thought was dominated by religious beliefs, whereas Grant looked for evidence of natural selection at a time when most societies had already accepted the theory of evolution.</p><p>There are more contrasts. Wallace was raised in a large, poor family in the early 19th century and was a self-taught scientist. A kaleidoscopic naturalist, his interests ranged from geology and astronomy to botany and entomology. His passion for insects (especially beetles) was kindled at age 21, partly through his friendship with Henry Bates, another naturalist who left a lasting legacy in ecology. Except for meeting Bates in his early career, Wallace was essentially working alone, an outsider to the main scientific circles of the time. His correspondence with prominent scientists started only later in his life. Grant grew up more than a century later in a small family affected by his parents’ early divorce. He studied at Cambridge, and throughout his career, he met eminent colleagues, which makes me think he was part of a vibrant scientific community. Grant was mainly interested in birds during his career, a passion he developed when he was 14 years old—although he occasionally studied other vertebrates. This high degree of specialization contrasts sharply with the broader approach of past naturalists, such as Wallace. Although modern scientists are often very specialized, it is worth questioning whether a multidisciplinary approach is more beneficial. My impression, also from reading Costa's book, is that Wallace's broad expertise may have been instrumental in his groundbreaking insights. Contrastingly, Grant's acute observations, such as documenting the hybridization between finch species, may have been the result of a good eye (and ear, given that bird songs played a role) for details and his focus on a single natural laboratory, the Galápagos.</p><p>There is, however, an essential aspect unit","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying exposure of amphibian species to heat waves, cold spells, and droughts","authors":"Evan Twomey,&nbsp;Francisco Sylvester,&nbsp;Jonas Jourdan,&nbsp;Henner Hollert,&nbsp;Lisa M. Schulte","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globally, amphibians face severe threats, such as climate change and associated extreme events. Our goal was to quantify global amphibian exposure to 3 classes of extreme events: heat waves, cold spells, and droughts. We used the MERRA-2 extreme climate events data and the standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index database to investigate where these events have increased over the last 40 years. We used the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) database of global amphibian distributions (7202 species) to calculate the level of exposure to extreme events for each species, classifying species as exposed if their distribution had ≥50% overlap with areas experiencing substantial increases of extreme events. To assess whether exposure is associated with amphibian declines, we used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between extreme event exposure and status changes on the IUCN Red List. Heat waves and droughts increased notably in Amazonia, Madagascar, and Europe. Among the 3 classes of events, exposure was highest to heat waves (40% of species exposed), followed by droughts (16% exposed). Exposure to different event classes was uneven with respect to geography and taxonomy. Some areas (e.g., Amazonia, Madagascar) and families (e.g., Mantellidae, Rhinodermatidae) had nearly 100% of constituent species classified as exposed to at least one event class. Exposure to heat waves (odds ratio 1.8) and droughts (odds ratio 1.7) was associated with status deteriorations since 2004. Our findings provide insight into amphibian biodiversity hotspots and taxonomic groups that may be particularly susceptible to extreme climate events, suggesting that these events play a causative role in ongoing declines. Understanding the aspects of species biology that influence susceptibility to extreme events, as well as interactions with other factors (e.g., disease), will be important for understanding the role of climate change in driving amphibian declines.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution pattern of cetaceans in the northern South China Sea based on visual surveys and environmental DNA metabarcoding","authors":"Shengming Deng,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Bai-An Lin,&nbsp;Yongcan Zhou,&nbsp;Mingming Liu,&nbsp;Wenzhi Lin,&nbsp;Mingli Lin,&nbsp;Lijun Dong,&nbsp;Hui Kang,&nbsp;Binshuai Liu,&nbsp;Shenglan Chen,&nbsp;Mingyue Ouyang,&nbsp;Shousong Jiang,&nbsp;Jianlong Li,&nbsp;Songhai Li","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The South China Sea (SCS) is vital habitat and potential nursery and feeding grounds for large cetaceans, such as the sperm whale (<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>), making understanding of the temporal and spatial patterns of cetaceans in this region essential. We examined the accuracy of environmental DNA (eDNA) in detecting cetacean species diversity and determine the spatial and temporal distribution of cetaceans in the northern SCS. We conducted 5 ship-based visual surveys for cetaceans in 3 summers and 2 springs from 2020 to 2023 and used eDNA metabarcoding to determine the relative abundance and spatial and temporal distribution of cetaceans in offshore and abyssal areas of the northern SCS. We detected 18 cetacean species through visual observations and eDNA metabarcoding. Both methods identified 12 species in common. Cetaceans’ presence varied temporally. We detected 7 species in the springs and 17 species in the summers. Expedition route design, meteorological conditions, and sea conditions between the 2 seasons partly explained the seasonal differences. The species of Ziphiidae, Physeteridae, and Kogiidae tended to occupy regions with high bathymetric drop gradients, particularly those situated on continental slopes and seamounts. The Delphinidae were more widely distributed and relatively more abundant. Of the cetaceans successfully identified by eDNA metabarcoding, species with relatively large group sizes and that were relatively close to the sampling sites tended to be more easily detected. Our results provide new information on the relative abundance and spatial and temporal distribution of cetaceans and indicate that eDNA techniques can provide additional information and serve as a complementary tool for cetacean monitoring and conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing multiple benefits of people-centered biocultural restoration","authors":"Hudson Toscano da Silva,&nbsp;Felipe P. L. Melo,&nbsp;Gabriel da Costa Ferreira,&nbsp;Cristina Baldauf","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Restoration is currently among the most important tools for conserving biodiversity, but participation in restoration by local communities in its planning and design must be improved. We devised a people-centered biocultural approach to restoration that combines Indigenous local knowledge and scientific methods to select species for restoration such that human welfare and biodiversity conservation are considered. We applied the approach to the Caatinga dry forest, for which we simulated agroforestry productive systems based on plant species previously selected by locals for use in restoration, given their importance for water, energy, and food security. We compared functional diversity in the simulated systems with functional diversity in natural systems. Common native and some non-native species with low invasive potential dominated the average productive system. These species had functional diversity similar to that of natural vegetation but had a slightly different functional profile. Simulated systems were dominated by plant species with more acquisitive functional strategies than native flora. The adoption of our biocultural approach to restoration programs in the region illustrates the importance of local participation; local selection of species for restoration had little effect on ecosystem functional diversity. Our framework can be readily adapted to various contexts for evaluating cultural preferences and the ecological efficacy of biocultural restoration initiatives globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociotechnical approach to protected areas and traditional communities","authors":"Carlos Sautchuk,&nbsp;Guilherme M. Fagundes,&nbsp;Henyo T. Barretto Filho","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We explore the relationship between protected areas (PAs) and traditional communities to further the proposition of conservation as a sociotechnical phenomenon. To do this, we use an anthropological empirical approach based on long-term ethnographic studies conducted in Brazil by 2 different researchers who lived among local fishers on the Amazon and Quilombolas in the Cerrado (a savanna). Both studies related to the establishment of terms of commitment between PAs and traditional communities in the context of participatory management. In one case, an agreement between the staff of the Lago Piratuba Biological Reserve and pirarucu fish harpooners from Sucuriju village regarding fishing methods is examined. The other case explores the transformations related to the ban on firebreaks practiced by Quilombola communities in the Cerrado region of central Brazil and the efforts by the managers of the Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station to rehabilitate cultural burns. We find there were benefits to a sociotechnical approach to understanding environmental conservation. The permanence of the harpoon in the Amazon and the rehabilitation of firebreaks in the Cerrado reconfigure conservation and local communities’ techniques. More generally, this perspective can help avoid a reified view of the traditional communities and an abstract perspective of conservation policies. We believe sociotechnical conservation is a transformative approach that can be used to improve conventional conservation perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening Amazon conservation through community-based voluntary patrolling","authors":"Caetano L. B. Franco,&nbsp;Thais Q. Morcatty,&nbsp;Helder L. Queiroz,&nbsp;Michael G. Sorice,&nbsp;Julia E. Fa,&nbsp;Paulo Roberto e Souza,&nbsp;Isabel S. Sousa,&nbsp;João Valsecchi,&nbsp;Hani R. El Bizri","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globally, environmental crimes are a major threat to biodiversity and the livelihood of local populations. Community-based protection of natural resources, which involves local people in surveillance and enforcement, is an important complement to the government-led command-and-control policing approach. We examined whether a community-based voluntary patrolling system deterred environmental crimes in Amazonia. We used data on environmental crimes recorded by patrollers over 11 years (2003–2013) in 12 independent territorial units in 2 large protected areas (PAs) in Amazonas, Brazil. For comparison, we also analyzed data from government-led enforcement operations outside these PAs from 2002 to 2012. In total, patrollers conducted almost 20,000 surveillance outings (around 150,000 h of activity) and recorded the occurrence of 1260 crimes. Of the 772 crimes for which we had data on seized items, most violations were related to fishing (78.24%), 19.04% to hunting, or 2.72% to logging. The occurrence of crimes per outing increased as the number of patrollers and time spent patrolling increased and was greater during outings that were informant led. There was a sharp decrease over time in the occurrence of crimes during patrols across 11 of the 12 territorial units examined. Overall, the occurrence of crimes declined by approximately 80% over the study period. In contrast, the number of crimes detected over time during government-led enforcement operations outside the PAs did not decline. Leadership of local communities in the planning and conducting of patrols contributed to rule conformity and enforcement in the PAs. Our results should be especially useful to managers of PAs and researchers in other parts of the tropics as a model for local patrolling and natural resource protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comanagement and reconciling of ecological and economic benefits in an Amazonian freshwater fishery","authors":"Monalisa R. O. Silva,&nbsp;Leandro Castello,&nbsp;Carolina T. Freitas,&nbsp;João V. Campos-Silva,&nbsp;Carlos A. Peres,&nbsp;Evlyn M. L. M. Novo","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Freshwater ecosystems contribute substantially to the global fish catch. However, freshwater fisheries face growing human pressures and are underrepresented in global analyses and conservation strategies. Attempts to reconcile conservation and human welfare goals in fisheries have led to comanagement by the government and local communities, along with other stakeholders, but assessments of its effectiveness in freshwater fisheries are lacking. We investigated the effectiveness of comanagement in freshwater fisheries by assessing ecological (fish catch) and economic (fishing revenue) outcomes in a major tributary of the Amazon Basin. Fisheries comanagement in the Amazon is typically implemented through an approach developed by riverine communities called lake management in which floodplain lakes are categorized as open access, subsistence, or protected. Each category has different levels and types of fishing pressure. We analyzed data (e.g., fishing data and management rules) from 1607 fishing trips of 198 fishers over 5 years in 30 riverine communities in 74 floodplain lakes (20 open access, 33 subsistence, and 21 protected). Lake comanagement increased fish catch in protected lakes over time by 12% (2.4 kg) compared with subsistence lakes and by 13% (2.6 kg) compared with open-access lakes (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Increased fish catch in protected lakes was mainly due to limits on fishing effort. Fishing revenue was 63% greater in protected lakes than in open-access lakes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), mainly due to increased harvests of species that had small to medium home ranges and were amenable to management at the small geographical areas of these community initiatives. These results show how one locally developed approach to comanagement can reconcile ecological and socioeconomic benefits and provide policy-relevant evidence that can serve as models to foster freshwater conservation elsewhere.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing the paradigm for the development of the Caatinga dry forest region to rescue threatened biodiversity and improve sustainability","authors":"Marcelo Tabarelli,&nbsp;Inara R. Leal,&nbsp;Ariadna V. Lopes,&nbsp;Nathalia Canassa,&nbsp;Helder F. P. Araujo","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Caatinga dry forest in northeastern Brazil represents one of the most species-rich dry forests globally. It is densely populated, contains economically undeveloped areas, and harbors increasingly degraded irreplaceable biota. In response to human disturbance, forests have been replaced by shrubs, and desertification is expanding. Seedling recruitment is reduced, and a subset of woody plant species have resprouted, comprising most of the new growth. The proliferation of low-statured individuals of disturbance-adapted species depletes the forest's capacity to retain biodiversity and provide key ecosystem services of local and global relevance. Such widespread habitat degradation is a key driver of species extinction; 111 vertebrate species are already threatened. Conservation plans are available for these vertebrates and 6 Cactaceae species, but only a handful of initiatives involving local stakeholders (e.g., traditional communities) have been implemented. The mascotization of threatened species has been the main approach to achieve several conservation goals, including the provision of new economic opportunities for locals, particularly via ecotourism. Unfortunately, Caatinga initiatives focused on reconciling biodiversity conservation with sustainable development and poverty alleviation are still tied to the concept of better practices in support of intense forest exploitation and extractivism rather than promoting crop and livestock production via modern technologies. Reducing or eliminating forest extractivism is a precondition to spare old-growth forests and thus maintain irreplaceable ecosystem services, such as soil protection, microclimate control, groundwater recharge, and high-quality habitat for threatened species. The persistence of these services (rather than the provision of forest products) is of strategic relevance because drylands are subject to higher aridity associated with climate change. We propose multifunctional agricultural landscapes be implemented to promote rural sustainable development. These landscapes should include high forest cover, forest integrity, and soil multifunctionality, all of which would provide key ecosystem services and biodiversity persistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating local ecological knowledge into systematic conservation planning for seahorse conservation","authors":"Anna Karolina Martins Borges,&nbsp;Vanessa M. Adams,&nbsp;Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves,&nbsp;Tacyana Pereira Ribeiro Oliveira","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Successful long-term conservation relies on strategic planning for pragmatic actions to mitigate threats. Prioritizing actions and areas to support conservation goals in the most cost-effective scenario becomes crucial in resource-limited environments. However, planning and management can be challenging in data-limited contexts. Incorporating local ecological knowledge (LEK) into conservation planning is an underexplored method of addressing these knowledge gaps. We utilized systematic conservation planning to identify key sites for seahorse threat management in a complex social-ecological system in a protected area. Through participatory mapping and interviews with artisanal fishers, we gathered insights about seahorses, threats to them, and their socioeconomic significance for the local community. We compared LEK-derived seahorse conservation priorities with spatial priorities identified using Marxan and with LEK-derived and science-derived data to explore LEK's contribution to spatial planning for a data-poor species and to explore different seahorse threat management scenarios. The LEK-derived and science-derived seahorse abundance Marxan scenarios had a strong spatial agreement, emphasizing LEK's role in conservation planning. Furthermore, LEK-derived data filled key data gaps on the distribution and nature of water-based threats. Threat management scenarios for land and water-based threat management had distinct spatial patterns. Incorporating LEK into decision-making empowered local communities and thus fostered community-based management. These findings offer insights into conservation planning in data-deficient scenarios and can aid decision makers and local stakeholders in inclusive conservation strategies. Our results identified priorities for seahorse conservation in the Rio Formoso Estuary and our methods offer a transferable approach for participatory and interdisciplinary planning, which are essential for biodiversity conservation and livelihoods maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using camera traps to enhance community-based management of subsistence hunting in the Amazon","authors":"Ricardo Sampaio,&nbsp;Ronaldo G. Morato,&nbsp;André Valle Nunes,&nbsp;Adriano G. Chiarello","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Community-based management and monitoring of biodiversity has emerged as a cost-effective strategy for providing credible data, informing decision-making, and empowering local communities in resource governance and management. However, the establishment of community-based management of subsistence hunting in the Brazilian Amazon has been hampered by legal uncertainty. Local regulations, such as the restriction or banning of mixed-breed dogs in hunting, have been strengthened to address social conflicts and improve wildlife management, but the conservation effectiveness of such regulations has been questioned. We conducted a case study of community-based decision-making in a human community in the Riozinho da Liberdade Extractive Reserve in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. This community established an informal agreement to limit the use of hunting dogs along one of the banks of the Liberdade River. After analyzing the results of 20 camera traps (CTs) placed in areas with and without the use of hunting dogs, the community strengthened their hunting agreement and decided to reinforce the agreement and ban this type of hunting completely. Subsequent to this decision, we analyzed the CT data and verified the negative effects of hunting with dogs on site-level species richness, aggregate abundance and biomass, and the relative abundance and individual detection of some species. To strengthen community-based subsistence hunting strategies in the Amazon and tropical forests in general, we suggest that camera trapping sampling of sites with different hunting management strategies and subsequent presentation to communities can facilitate local engagement, strengthen social and management rules, increase the decolonization of wildlife management, and ultimately expedite decision-making processes to avoid the tragedy of the commons in similar tropical forest socioecological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}