Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Conservation Biology Awards","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying spatial patterns of game vertebrate abundance in Amazonian forests through local ecological knowledge-based methods","authors":"Ricardo Sampaio,&nbsp;Ronaldo G. Morato,&nbsp;Mark I. Abrahams,&nbsp;Adriano G. Chiarello,&nbsp;Carlos A. Peres","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Assessing local anthropogenic impacts on tropical forest wildlife is central to conservation science in low-governance regions, particularly in the context of community-based resource management. Two methods frequently used to sample wildlife are based on local ecological knowledge (LEK), which is low cost and draws on substantial human experience, and camera trap sampling (CT), which is widely used due to its spatial replicability and the increasing diversity of analytical frameworks. We compared the effectiveness of both methods in assessing the impact of hunting on wildlife at 70 local community catchments across the Brazilian Amazon. We did this by assessing local occurrences of 17 focal species as recounted by 187 subsistence hunters in interviews and by assessing data from 631 CT deployments. We evaluated correlations among the distances from the nearest community at which species and species groups occurred, derived from either LEK or CT data. We also assessed how species' morphological and socioecological traits influenced estimates derived from LEK and CT. Estimates derived from LEK were more strongly correlated with species abundance than with occupancy estimates. Large-bodied, harvest-sensitive species, such as tapir (<i>Tapirus terrestris</i>), white-lipped peccary (<i>Tayassu pecari</i>), and curassow (<i>Crax</i> or <i>Pauxi</i> spp.), were spatially depleted more than 15 km away from human communities. These species showed particularly strong positive correlations across all estimates. The precision of LEK estimates increased with independent data on local game species abundance. These results underline the utility of data derived from LEK in assessing patterns of local wildlife abundance, especially for large-bodied species sensitive to hunting pressure. Local ecological knowledge-based methods are valuable in their own right, especially in areas where alternative sampling methods are lacking and human impact is not matched by conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdependencies between Indigenous peoples, local communities, and freshwater systems in a changing Amazon","authors":"Simone Athayde,&nbsp;Renata Utsunomiya,&nbsp;Lulu Victoria-Lacy,&nbsp;Claire Beveridge,&nbsp;Clinton N. Jenkins,&nbsp;Juliana Laufer,&nbsp;Sebastian Heilpern,&nbsp;Paulo Olivas,&nbsp;Elizabeth P. Anderson","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globally, Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPs and LCs) are fighting for the recognition of their knowledge and decision-making authority in freshwater conservation. In the Amazon, decision-making around freshwater management and conservation has often overlooked Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) and the connections between sociocultural and freshwater systems. We explored interdependencies between IPs and LCs and freshwaters in the Amazonian region through a narrative review of the academic peer-reviewed literature. The review process involved 2 phases: an initial scoping phase, which included the analysis of a large number of articles to identify main topics and develop research questions, and the review of a subset of 187 articles published from 2018 to 2022. We found that 178 studies were carried out in the Brazilian, Peruvian, and/or Bolivian Amazon, and 26 studies were conducted in other countries. A total of 60 studies focused on riverine communities and among them, 16 Indigenous groups were mentioned in 51 articles. Most studies (<i>n</i> = 148) emphasized the connections between water quality, fisheries, food security, health, and livelihoods. There was a paucity of studies conducted by IPs and LCs that had Indigenous or local community members among the authors. Recent studies highlighted the active role of IPs and LCs in leading community-based management efforts. We found innovative freshwater conservation and management experiences led by IPs and LCs, that effectively conserved freshwater biodiversity while promoting sustainable livelihoods. Our findings support inclusive and equitable freshwater conservation policies and practices in the Amazon and beyond, by showing the crucial role of IPs and LCs in managing and protecting freshwater resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of people-centered conservation in Brazil","authors":"Rafael Morais Chiaravalloti,&nbsp;Fabio Rubio Scarano,&nbsp;Claudio Valladares-Padua,&nbsp;Thais Q. Morcatty","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70041","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Over the past 50 years, conservation science has shifted from a species-centered to a people and nature-centered field of research and practice (Mace, &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;), and Brazil has played an important role in this transformation. Brazil is a biologically and culturally megadiverse country. It contains 6 of the world's terrestrial biomes and a large coastal area (Scarano et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;), as well as over 300 Indigenous ethic groups that speak 254 different languages and millions of resource-dependent communities (IBGE, &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Biomes, such as the Amazon rainforest and the Pantanal wetland, are globally iconic places for biodiversity and host healthy populations of numerous endemic and threatened species, but at the same time, they have a millennial history of human habitation and in some cases were cocreated by nature and people. In the Amazon, pre-Columbian management has significantly shaped forest composition; domesticated tree species dominate vast landscapes and influence local patterns of species richness and abundance (Levis et al., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Maezumi et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). The distribution of species, such as Brazil nut (&lt;i&gt;Bertholletia excelsa&lt;/i&gt;), is particularly indicative of sustained human cultivation and landscape use (Shepard &amp; Ramirez, &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). It is estimated that at least 6 million forest-dependent people now live in communities and rural settlements in the Brazilian Amazon (IBGE, &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;) and that 34 million people live in the Amazon region (Charity et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). In the Pantanal, over 90% of the area is occupied by cattle ranches (Chiaravalloti et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), and there are signs of human settlements 27,000 years BP on the northern border of the biome (Vialou et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). The Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, is the most densely inhabited semiarid land in the world (Tabarelli et al., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Atlantic Forest and Cerrado are among the 10 original biodiversity hotspots due to their high levels of endemic species and deforestation rates (Myers et al., &lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;). The Pampas, an extensive grassland biome, has over 10 million people living in its expansive plains, agricultural lands, and urban centers (Overbeck et al., &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;). Therefore, the implementation of conservation approaches strictly based on species protection has always faced challenges in Brazil (Silva, &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;People-centered conservation programs emerged in different forms and in different regions of Brazil. They started to appear between the 1980s and 1990s, when the international conservation science and practice agenda was mostly still part of the “nature despite people” approach (Mace, &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). Among the earliest and most influential examples was the Amazon's Rubber Tapper Movement, which laid the foundation to the creation of sustainable use protected areas. Spurred by the international demand","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the past to tell more persuasive conservation stories.","authors":"J Q Goben, A M Mychajliw, O L Olson, G P Dietl","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For millennia, stories have been central to conveying human experience-a tradition through which communities continue to share lessons, knowledge, and cultural values and are regularly used by communities to share lessons, knowledge, and cultural values. Now, conservationists are beginning to harness the power of telling stories to achieve conservation goals. We introduce the past stories hypothesis, in which we argue that existing conservation storytelling practices can be improved by incorporating the longer term perspectives available from geohistorical records, such as sediment cores, fossils, and other natural archives of the past. Contextualizing conservation problems on timescales beyond years or decades presents the opportunity to tell different stories about how biodiversity is currently changing and equips conservationists with the conceptual toolkit necessary for unshifting previously unrecognized shifted baselines by changing when the story starts. Geohistorical data sets thus provide an opportunity to restore lost environmental memory-collective observations or records of past environments-and avoid unintended biases. When the ethics, potential outcomes, and diversity of backgrounds and beliefs represented in each audience are considered, incorporating the past can result in compelling stories with the power to engage and persuade an individual or community to support conservation goals while maintaining credibility and trust. An inclusive storytelling approach anchored by geohistorical data may help conservationists tell stories more effectively in the service of identifying or adapting specific conservation goals. These new perspectives (provided by starting stories with new temporal baselines) may also bring new people to the discussion table and allow for a broader range of entry points to conversations and, thus, potential conservation actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70057"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of protected areas in conserving avian communities amid human impact in Nigeria.","authors":"Bello A Danmallam, Talatu Tende, Anthony Kuria, Samuel T Ivande, Iniunam A Iniunam, Peggy M Ngila, Ulf Ottosson, Rosie Trevelyan, Adams A Chaskda, Shiiwua A Manu","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the impacts of human activities on avian communities in- and outside protected areas (PAs) is essential for guiding conservation strategies and evaluating the effectiveness of PAs in conserving avian diversity. Effective PAs should not only safeguard species within their boundaries but also contribute to maintaining ecosystem functionality in surrounding landscapes. We used citizen science data from the Nigerian Bird Atlas Project (2015-2024) and the human footprint index (HFI) from the Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) to analyze avian taxonomic and functional richness and diversity across 146 paired pentads (5' × 5' grid cells). Each protected area pentad (PAP) that covered ≥70% of a PA was paired with an unprotected pentad (UPP). Bayesian hierarchical models were applied to assess avian taxonomic and functional richness and diversity between PAPs and UPPs and to examine the influence of human activity on these community metrics based on HFI values. The PAPs had higher taxonomic richness and diversity than UPPs. In contrast, abundance-weighted functional diversity metrics (Rao's Q, functional dispersion, and divergence) were higher in UPPs than PAPs due to the proliferation of disturbance-tolerant generalist species. However, functional richness was lower in UPPs than PAPs, reflecting fewer ecological niches. Taxonomic and functional richness increased with moderate human impact, consistent with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, but declined under higher levels of disturbance, suggesting a point beyond which species cannot adapt or persist. These findings support the critical role of PAs in conserving avian species and functional traits and highlight the effects of human impact on species survival. Conservation strategies must prioritize the maintenance of PAs and integrate sustainable management in UPAs to safeguard avian diversity and functional traits essential for ecosystem resilience, especially as anthropogenic pressures increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70069"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using online reports of seahorse seizures to track their illegal trade.","authors":"Sarah J Foster, Syd J Ascione, Francesca Santaniello, Teale N Phelps Bondaroff","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is a persistent and extensive threat to global biodiversity. Hundreds of marine fish species are subject to regulation under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), but it is unclear how much protection species gain from CITES because information on marine fish IWT is limited. We used online reports of seized shipments of seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) to investigate their illegal trade. Seahorses were the first genus of marine fishes to be listed under CITES. We compiled 297 unique seizure records from 192 online outlets posted from January 2010 to April 2021 and analyzed the number of seahorses seized, the value of the seized items, trade routes, and other seizure details. Dried seahorses accounted for nearly all seizures, which totaled around 5 million individuals valued at over US$28 million. The reported number of seizures and the number of seahorses seized increased over time. Reported illegal trade involved 62 countries and other jurisdictions. Seized seahorses predominantly originated in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. China was the primary destination. Seahorses were mostly intercepted in transit and in destination countries rather than source countries. Airports were the most common location for seizures, and passenger baggage represented the primary transportation method by number of seizures, but sea cargo facilitated the largest seizures. Seahorses were most commonly seized by customs, often in conjunction with other regulated wildlife products. Although seizures led to detention of actors, information on subsequent legal actions was limited. Addressing the illegal trade in seahorses requires greater enforcement in source countries and increasing the realized risks associated with smuggling. Our findings can inform intelligence-led enforcement efforts to curb seahorse trafficking and highlight data biases and gaps that should be addressed to facilitate enhanced deterrence measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70047"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of obscured data on species distribution models.","authors":"Kyo Soung Koo, Ko-Huan Lee, Dawon Lee, Yikweon Jang","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lack of knowledge about geographic distribution and environmental preference can hinder conservation efforts for rare and threatened species. Open-source databases provide an opportunity to address these knowledge gaps through the geographic information they hold on species worldwide. However, to protect rare and endangered species, open-source databases often assign locations that do not match the original locations, which introduce inaccuracies in occurrence records (e.g., the \"obscured\" function in iNaturalist replaces the original location with a random location in a 0.2 × 0.2° cell). We tested the efficacy of the iNaturalist's obscured function in concealing geographic information and the function's impact on the species distribution modeling of 3 endangered species in South Korea: gold-spotted pond frogs (Pelophylax chosenicus), Reeves' turtles (Mauremys reevesii), and Mongolia racerunner (Eremias argus). We collected occurrence data (orginal data) for these 3 species and uploaded the data to iNaturalist. We then compared location, elevation, and habitat area in the original data set with these data in the obscured data set. To investigate the differences in species distribution, we ran species distribution models with both data sets. We also assessed the awareness of obscured function in peer-reviewed articles for which occurrence records from iNaturalist were used. The locations assigned by the obscured function significantly altered the geographic information of the species, including elevational range, habitat type, and environmental variables relevant to species distribution. Potential distributions estimated using locations assigned under the obscured function were different from those estimated using the original data. Only 4 out of 170 peer-reviewed articles acknowledged the presence of obscured data in iNaturalist, suggesting that most researchers are unaware of this issue. The locations assigned by the obscured function can cause serious problems in species distribution modeling and thus may negatively affect conservation of endangered species. We encourage researchers to thoroughly vet data obtained from open-source databases and urge database platforms to make it clear when data have been obscured.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Corn Belt as an anthropogenic barrier to migrating landbirds in the United States.","authors":"Fengyi Guo, Jeffrey J Buler, Adriaan M Dokter, Kyle G Horton, Emily B Cohen, Daniel Sheldon, Jaclyn A Smolinsky, David S Wilcove","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migrating landbirds adjust their flight and stopover behaviors to efficiently cross inhospitable geographies, such as the Gulf of Mexico and the Sahara Desert. In addition to these natural barriers, birds may increasingly encounter anthropogenic barriers created by large-scale changes in land use. One such barrier could be the Corn Belt in the Midwest United States, where 76.4% of precolonial vegetation (forest and grassland combined) has been replaced by agricultural and urban areas, primarily corn fields. We used 5 years of data from 47 weather radar stations in the United States to compare the population-level flight patterns of migrating landbirds crossing the Corn Belt and the forested landscapes south and north of it in spring and autumn. We also examined the impacts of the Corn Belt relative to the Gulf of Mexico on the stopover behavior of migrating birds by comparing changes in the proportion of migrants that stop to rest (stopover-to-passage ratio [SPR]) relative to distance from both barriers. Birds showed increased meridional airspeeds and stronger selection for tailwinds when crossing the Corn Belt compared with forested landscapes. For birds crossing the Gulf of Mexico, the highest proportion of migrants stopped to rest after crossing the Gulf, and SPR decreased sharply as distance from the shoreline increased. We did not find this pattern after migrants crossed the Corn Belt, although the SPR increased in the Corn Belt as birds approached the down-route forest boundary in both seasons. This weaker pattern for stopover propensity after crossing the Corn Belt is likely due to its narrower width, the availability of small forest patches throughout the Corn Belt, and the subset of species affected, compared with the gulf. We recommend restoring stepping stones of forest in the Corn Belt and protecting woodlands along the Gulf Coast to help landbirds successfully negotiate both barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing spatial variability and efficacy of surrogate species at an ecosystem scale.","authors":"Kristin M Brunk, H Anu Kramer, M Zachariah Peery, Stefan Kahl, Connor M Wood","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preserving biodiversity is a central goal of conservation, but, in practice, monitoring biodiversity often involves assessing population trends for one or a handful of species that are presumed proxies for biodiversity. Despite the popularity of surrogate species strategies, the links between biodiversity and surrogate species are rarely tested, especially across the broad spatial scales at which they are applied. We quantitatively evaluated a prominent surrogate species strategy across 25,000 km² of California's Sierra Nevada, an ecosystem undergoing substantial forest loss due to changing fire regimes and climate. We used passive acoustic monitoring and multispecies occupancy models to quantify pairwise co-occurrence among 6 indicator species and much of the avian community (63 species). We found that 95% of the sampled avian community had a positive association with at least one indicator species and that latitude played an important role in shaping co-occurrence for many species. Our work provides an important test of a long-standing conservation tool, suggests that a well-chosen suite of surrogate species can represent the occurrence patterns of a large portion of the rest of the community, and demonstrates the importance of explicitly considering the spatial scale over which surrogate species are effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70058"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}