Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Self-healing CFRP laminates with CNT-EMAA thermoplastic System: Experimental and quantitative characterization","authors":"Gui-hua Xie,&nbsp;Hong-yun Xia,&nbsp;Zi-han Lin,&nbsp;Shuai Xu,&nbsp;Si-qi Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the interlaminar damage commonly initiated in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures, this study developed a self-healing system using carbon nanotubes (CNT)-modified poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA). Three CFRP specimen groups (S35, S40 and S45) with varying EMAA content (35 wt% to 45 wt%) and healing agent grid width (4.5–5.5 mm) were fabricated. Sequential bending loading–healing cycle tests were carried out to evaluate the healing performance of CNT-modified EMAA healing systems and quantitatively characterize their healing efficiency. The results demonstrate that all healed specimens retain their original stress-strain behavior characteristics while simultaneously achieving both improved initial cracking strain and high healing efficiencies <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>φ</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> ranging from 96 % to 246 %. Across three healing cycles, the cracking stress increases by 13.4 %–80 %, with Group S35 showing the largest improvement, followed by S40 and S45. The initial healing cycle predominantly contributes to the pronounced healing efficiencies, while subsequent cycles maintain stable multiple healing effectivity. Both healing agent grid width and content significantly influence these healing characteristics. The self-healing CFRP specimens exhibits stage-wise real-time resistance behaviors that correlate with internal damage evolution. Specifically, sudden resistance surge consistently corresponds to structural crack initiation and propagation. A strong correlation exists between resistance-based healing efficiency (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> and stress-based healing efficiency (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>φ</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>). Continuous resistance monitoring enables intelligent CFRP structural health and healing efficiency evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 113010"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ni–deficient NiO/downsized RuO2 composite catalyst with rivalrous size evolution for rechargeable Li–CO2 batteries","authors":"Dae–Kwon Boo ,&nbsp;Huiju Kim ,&nbsp;Seung Jae Kwak ,&nbsp;Ho–Jin Lee ,&nbsp;Yeji Lim ,&nbsp;Yoonjeong Yoo ,&nbsp;Hyechan Park ,&nbsp;Junhyuk Tak ,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Lee ,&nbsp;Jae–Woo Seo ,&nbsp;Seon–Jin Choi ,&nbsp;Ki Ro Yoon ,&nbsp;Wonchang Choi ,&nbsp;Bonjae Koo ,&nbsp;Won Bo Lee ,&nbsp;YongJoo Kim ,&nbsp;Won–Hee Ryu ,&nbsp;Ji–Won Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium–carbon dioxide (Li–CO₂) batteries utilize a lightweight and environmentally impactful CO₂ gas as a cathode and offer a high energy density (1876 Wh kg⁻¹). However, the thermodynamically stable discharge product, Li₂CO₃, necessitates the use of catalysts to facilitate reversible reaction kinetics, underscoring the importance of developing efficient catalysts to overcome this bottleneck. In this study, we fabricate nanofiber NiO–RuO₂ composite oxide catalysts (<em>nf</em>–NRO) to utilize the synergistic effect of the two oxides. In particular, we spotlight a critical phenomenon–rivalrous grain growth between two oxide components–as a strategy for catalyst optimization, balancing cost–effectiveness and catalytic performance. We observe rivalrous particle size changing behavior, where increasing the RuO₂ ratio in the composite oxide leads to RuO₂ downsizing and NiO coarsening. To elucidate this phenomenon, we propose expected mechanisms supported by DFT calculations; 1) Band bending between metallic oxide and p–type semiconductor, 2) Interfacial redox reactions driven by differences in the reduction potentials of the NiO and RuO₂ nanoparticles, 3) Acceleration of NiO growth due to the oxygen donor effect of RuO₂ coupled with surface energy–driven growth mechanisms. Accordingly, the catalytic property of <em>nf</em>–NRO₅₅ is maximized by downsizing RuO₂ and Ni³⁺–rich NiO. The Li–CO₂ battery with <em>nf</em>–NRO exhibits lower charge platform and superior cycle stability over 120 cycles. As a result, the correlation between the material properties of the <em>nf</em>–NRO and their electrochemical performance is identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113004"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced adhesive bonding at the adhesive-CFRTP interface via plasma and silane coupling agents in adhesively-bonded metal-CFRTP joints","authors":"Yongsoon Shin ,&nbsp;Areesa Trevino ,&nbsp;Yao Qiao ,&nbsp;Roberts J. Seffens ,&nbsp;Mark H. Engelhard ,&nbsp;Mary Gilliam ,&nbsp;Graham Garner ,&nbsp;Michael Lukitsch ,&nbsp;Blair E. Carlson ,&nbsp;Kevin L. Simmons","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasma treatment followed by chemical grafting has been applied to improve the bonding performance of adhesively bonded dissimilar surfaces, aluminum alloy Aural-5 and carbon-fiber-reinforced polyamide 66 (CFRP-PA66), as an example for metal/CFRTP (Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer) dissimilar joints. Chemical grafting of organosilane coupling agents including 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, and 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane on CFRTP surfaces formed silane linkages on CFRTP side and other functional groups of organosilanes improved epoxy ring-opening polymerization at the interface between the adhesive and CFRTP, which led to improved lap shear strength of adhesively-bonded Aural 5/CFRTP joints. Lap shear strengths (LSS) of the joints with combined plasma and organosilane-grafted CFRTP surfaces were about 39.8–51.5 % higher than those with as-received CFRTP surfaces and showed an additional 24.4–34.8 % increase compared to those with plasma-treated-only CFRTP surfaces. The mercapto group, which has the highest nucleophilicity among the three functional groups, exhibited higher LSS compared to the other two plasma and organosilane-coated combinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113009"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An asymmetric 2D braiding strategy for balancing hoop and axial strength in SiC/SiC composite nuclear fuel cladding","authors":"Fengminyu Xie ,&nbsp;Zhaoke Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Qiao ,&nbsp;Zhennan Xu ,&nbsp;Zongxu Wu ,&nbsp;Yishan Li ,&nbsp;Hongyin Yue ,&nbsp;Rongkun Yang ,&nbsp;Jiaxiang Xue ,&nbsp;Zhengmao Yang ,&nbsp;Xiang Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of inverted hoop and axial strength in SiC/SiC composite cladding for nuclear reactors, this study introduces an innovative asymmetric two-dimensional (2D) braided design. A multi-scale model was constructed to predict the mechanical properties of the claddings with different braiding structures. Leveraging a chemical vapor infiltration/chemical vapor deposition (CVI/CVD) process, gradient braided specimens with braiding angles of 30°/45° and 50°/42° were fabricated to systematically reveal the regulatory mechanism of the braiding angle on mechanical properties. Results indicate that the inner braid angle has a more significant impact on mechanical properties, while the outer braid design can compensate for the mechanical property deficiencies caused by the inner braid angle, thereby overcoming the inherent conflict between hoop and axial strengths in traditional symmetric designs. Raman spectroscopy revealed a residual compressive stress of −2.07 GPa in the large-angle braiding structure (50°), contributing to improved hoop strength via prestress strengthening. Parameter weighting analysis indicated that the inner-layer braiding angle primarily dictates hoop strength, while axial strength is co-regulated by both braiding angle and porosity. This research provides a theoretical foundation for multi-objective optimization of nuclear fuel cladding performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113013"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue-resistant and adaptive pressure sensor based on thiol-ene 4D printing for high-temperature multimodal monitoring","authors":"Feiyue Zhou,&nbsp;Wanqi Feng,&nbsp;Lixuan Yang,&nbsp;Jingxing Gui,&nbsp;Yingtao Li,&nbsp;Yuxuan Ma,&nbsp;Dan Yu,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature industrial environments pose significant challenges for adaptive sensors, where critical issues in achieving high-precision pressure/temperature dual-mode detection are used address these challenges. Herein, this study innovatively developed a high-performance adaptive pressure sensor based on thiol-ene click chemistry and digital light processing (DLP) 4D printing technology. A quaternary reaction system comprising pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP)/poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)/N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)/1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) was employed to construct a dual-network structure featuring dynamic hydrogen bonds and covalent crosslinking networks. The synergistic effect between the high thermal stability provided by thioether bonds and the dynamic hydrogen bond reorganization driven by NIPAM phase transition endowed the material with exceptional temperature-responsive properties (shape fixity ratio R_f = 88.5 ± 3.0 %, shape recovery ratio R_r = 90.6 ± 3.1 %). The three-dimensional conductive/thermal network formed by uniformly dispersed carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) through hydrogen bonding further provided signal transmission stability. The bioinspired folded hole structure precisely fabricated by DLP technology significantly enhanced sensing performance through geometric strain amplification effects, achieving large deformations of 12.1 %, high sensitivity of −0.143 kPa⁻¹, fast response time of 62.2 ms, and excellent fatigue resistance exceeding 2000 cycles, demonstrating outstanding performance in multimodal detection applications such as high-temperature warning monitoring and motion pattern recognition. The multiscale cooperative design strategy spanning from molecular design to macroscopic structures provides an innovative solution for fabrication of industrial production monitoring sensors and intelligent warning systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113020"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale finite element analysis integrated with machine learning for efficient prediction of thermal conductivity in 3D orthogonal woven composites","authors":"Guangnan Shi ,&nbsp;Yiwei Ouyang ,&nbsp;Yi Ren ,&nbsp;Ying Chen ,&nbsp;Xingwei Li ,&nbsp;Jie Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaozhou Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D orthogonal woven composites (3DOWCs) have attracted considerable research attention as highly reliable structural materials, primarily due to their unique spatial interwoven structure that exhibits excellent mechanical and thermal stability under harsh working conditions. However, the inherent complexity of their multiscale structure poses significant challenges for thermal conductivity prediction, with traditional methods relying heavily on extensive experiments and incurring high computational costs. To address this issue, this study proposes a multidimensional framework integrating the finite element method (FEM) and machine learning (ML) to replace conventional models for investigating 3DOWCs' effective thermal conductivity. 3DOWC models with various geometric parameters were constructed using Python scripts and TexGen, and a thermal conductivity dataset was obtained via multiscale FEM. Experimental validation using the flash method confirmed FEA reliability, after which combined finite element and experimental data trained ML models, comparing Kriging and artificial neural network (ANN) performance. Results show the Kriging model outperforms traditional approaches and ANN in computational efficiency and accuracy. Additionally, positive correlation between fiber volume fraction and thermal conductivity, and negative correlation with yarn spacing, were identified. This study presents an accurate, efficient prediction method to optimize 3DOWC design for enhanced thermal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113005"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new threaded insert reinforced joint to achieve ultra-high performance of CFRP bolted connections","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangfang Kong ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel threaded insert reinforced joint, aiming to achieve ultra-high performance in CFRP bolted connections. Compared with the conventional through-hole and cylindrical insert reinforced joints, this innovative design significantly enhances load-bearing capacity and stiffness, with simulation results validating its structural optimization effect by accurately predicting stress distribution and failure trends. At the core of its performance lies a unique reinforcement mechanism: it transforms the original shear failure and tensile failure modes into extrusion failure, a critical shift that enables the joint to sustain additional tensile loads even when the material experiences damage. Experimental results confirm that the joint increases strength by 44.5 % and stiffness by 36.2 %. The threaded insert reinforced joint, as a key component of this joint, delivers multiple performance benefits; it significantly inhibits composite damage—micro-morphological observations of the hole wall show that the cylindrical insert reinforced joint and conventional through-hole joint suffer large-scale matrix cracking, expose numerous matrix fragments, and exhibit obvious fiber bending, while the threaded insert reinforced joint only has slight matrix destruction and limited fiber kinking or breakage—and it also effectively reduces hole circumferential strain and enhances joint strength, stiffness, and energy absorption capacity. Moreover, the joint excels in preload stability: its 24-h preload relaxation rate is 2.8 % and 168-h rate is 4.8 %, far lower than the through-hole joint's 10.9 % and 17.7 %, and even after preload relaxation, its strength decreases by only 2.6 %, much less than the 18.3 % reduction of the through-hole joint, demonstrating exceptional long-term performance stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113003"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photothermal superhydrophobic LA-MOF@PDA@MS sponge for offshore crude oil recovery","authors":"Yue Lian ,&nbsp;Xilin Wang ,&nbsp;Hong Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Hu ,&nbsp;Mengqi Liang ,&nbsp;Qiaoyu Huang ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of industrial activities, oil spills have occurred frequently at sea, causing increasingly severe ecological damage and environmental pollution. However, traditional superhydrophobic sponges can only adsorb low-viscosity oils and are ineffective for high-viscosity crude oils with poor fluidity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel materials capable of effectively addressing crude oil spills. In this paper, LA-MOF was prepared by modifying zirconium-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH₂) with lauric acid (LA), and a photothermal superhydrophobic sponge (LA-MOF@PDA@MS) was fabricated by sequentially depositing polydopamine (PDA) and LA-MOF onto melamine sponges (MS). The resulting LA-MOF@PDA@MS exhibits excellent water repellency, with a water contact angle (WCA) of 155.5°, along with good self-cleaning properties, chemical stability, and mechanical durability. The modified sponge demonstrates an oil absorption capacity ranging from 28.60 to 56.83 g/g, with separation efficiencies exceeding 97 % for the select oils. Moreover, the LA-MOF@PDA@MS exhibits remarkable photothermal performance, capable of elevating its temperature to 68.3 °C within 300 s under simulated sunlight irradiation. The heating capability significantly reduces the viscosity of crude oil, enabling efficient absorption. The sponge achieves a saturated crude oil uptake of 60.7 g/g with a transfer rate of 5.49 g/min. Furthermore, the modified sponge displays excellent anti-icing and antimicrobial properties, further extending its service life in practical applications. These superior characteristics make the LA-MOF@PDA@MS sponge a highly promising candidate for oil spill remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113012"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermomechanical evaluation-Guided structural design and porous interface optimization of multilayer heterogeneous cladding","authors":"Shuang Liang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Guoquan Li ,&nbsp;Burong Ran ,&nbsp;Chong Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In advanced nuclear reactors, refractory metal-SiCf/SiC multilayer cladding is considered to be a promising accident-tolerant fuel cladding because it overcomes the gas-tightness limitation of SiCf/SiC cladding. However, the mechanisms by which structural changes affect their thermomechanical properties are unclear, and the excessive interface stress remains a major obstacle to their application. In this study, a parametric modeling approach was employed to rapidly construct 15 heterogeneous cladding structures with 2D braided SiCf/SiC composites, incorporating five types of metal liners (W, Mo, Re, Ta, Nb) at three different thickness levels. Their thermo-mechanical properties were systematically analyzed using finite element simulation at RT, 450 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C. The results show that among the five metal liner systems, the Re- and W- lined systems exhibit superior overall performance in the non-irradiated state, with their thermomechanical properties consistently improving as liner thickness increases. In contrast, the Mo-, Ta-, and Nb-lined systems display inconsistent trends. Notably, the Re-lined cladding consistently shows the highest interfacial thermal stress across all temperature conditions. To effectively alleviate this issue, a porous SiC interlayer was designed, optimized and successfully fabricated, resulting in a ∼30 % reduction in interfacial stress. This study provides theoretical foundations and design guidelines for enhancing the inherent safety of advanced reactors and optimizing the structural parameters of nuclear-grade SiCf/SiC heterogeneous claddings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 113006"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of CFRP interface properties with varying fiber surface roughness using AFM measurements and finite element modeling","authors":"Quang Ninh Hoang ,&nbsp;Sora Lee ,&nbsp;Sungho Lee ,&nbsp;Hyungbum Park","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microscale surface roughness and surface chemical bonding characteristics of carbon fibers (CFs) vary significantly depending on manufacturing and post-processing conditions, critically influencing the overall mechanical properties of CFRP composites. A comprehensive investigation of both chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking mechanisms at fiber–matrix interface is therefore essential for accurate characterization of interfacial behavior. In this study, a novel modeling approach is developed for the first time by directly incorporating AFM images of CF surfaces, which represent the actual surface topography, into the finite element simulation to systematically investigate interfacial behavior in longitudinal, transverse, and normal directions relative to fibers, which are difficult to evaluate from typical experiments. Three types of CFs with different surface roughness including de-sized CFs, heat-treated CFs, and plasma-treated CFs, are investigated in the interface modeling. Additionally, an idealized CF with a smooth surface was also included to isolate and evaluate the influence of surface roughness itself. Simulations reveal that under normal loading, chemical bonding is the sole interaction at the interface, and interface properties are proportional to CF surface areas. Under transverse and longitudinal loading, both chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking coexist: chemical bonding dominates the early stage of debonding, while mechanical interlocking becomes the primary load transfer mechanism as debonding progresses. It was discovered that the contribution of chemical bonding on interfacial response is weak under influence of surface roughness of CF. This study demonstrated that appropriate numerical characterizations are essential for accurately predicting the properties of composites prior to homogenization analysis of CFRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 112990"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}