Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and digital volume correlation of carbon fibre-reinforced polymers for enhanced characterisation of deformation behaviour","authors":"Jiraphant Srisuriyachot ,&nbsp;Thanasis Chatziathanasiou ,&nbsp;Sophie A.M. McNair ,&nbsp;Paloma Rodriguez Santana ,&nbsp;Jean Bénézech ,&nbsp;Yentl Swolfs ,&nbsp;Igor P. Dolbnya ,&nbsp;Richard Butler ,&nbsp;Alexander J.G. Lunt","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper demonstrates a new approach that exploits both lattice strain mapping via Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) of Computed Tomography (CT) to understand the material response at different length scales in Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) under <em>in-situ</em> loading, a phenomenon of substantial importance for the modelling, design, and certification of composite structures. WAXS gives insight into fibre lattice strain, while DVC provides sub-laminate response in the CFRP. A detailed numerical simulation was also developed to compare with these novel experimental methods. This approach is the first demonstration that the strain within the crystalline regions of the fibre is distinct from the sub-laminate behaviour, with up to 80<!--> <!-->% and 36<!--> <!-->% differences in the longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively, as a result of the complex microstructure of the fibres. An improved understanding of composite behaviour is fundamental to understanding how strain accommodation leads to structural failure, providing routes to refine part rejection criteria and reduce the environmental impact of this increasingly widespread material class.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112703"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust PI composites with high-connected AgNPs for multifunctional electromagnetic interference shielding in harsh environment","authors":"Xiaoyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuqi Yang,&nbsp;Gui Yang,&nbsp;Fengmei Su,&nbsp;Youxin Ji,&nbsp;Chuntai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Durable and multifunctional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have garnered significant attention due to their growing application demands. However, achieving optimal EMI shielding performance remains challenging, primarily due to the inherent interfacial resistance among conductive fillers. In this study, a novel polyimide@silver-sintered (PI@Ag–S) nanofiber composite was developed through in situ anchoring and low-temperature sintering of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) on electrospun PI nanofibers. The sintering process created a highly interconnected AgNPs layer, significantly reducing the electrical resistance and enhancing the electrical conductivity from 49 S/cm to an exceptional 154 S/cm. The resulting PI@Ag–S nanofiber composite demonstrated outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness (86.7 dB), and a remarkable SSE/t value of 14985 dB cm² g⁻¹, alongside excellent in-plane thermal conductivity (2.6011 W/(m⋅K)). Additionally, the composite showcased superior electrical heating performance, enabling effective defogging and de-icing operations at a low voltage of 1.5 V. Notably, the composite, protected by an ultrathin 8 μm PI coating, exhibited exceptional durability, including resistance to extreme temperatures, strong acid and alkali corrosion, and flame-retardant properties. These attributes make the flexible PI@Ag–S nanofiber composite a promising candidate for advanced EMI shielding and thermal management applications, particularly in harsh environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112735"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element and machine learning-assisted analysis of fiber–matrix interphase in single-fiber pull-out tests","authors":"Karl Roetsch ,&nbsp;Lars Bittrich ,&nbsp;Andrea Bercini Martins ,&nbsp;Christina Scheffler ,&nbsp;Axel Spickenheuer ,&nbsp;Markus Stommel","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experimental and simulative single-fiber pull-outs were carried out to determine the interphase parameters and to investigate the damage process in the pull-out. For each experiment, a related simulation was performed, not only taking into account the corresponding fiber diameter and the individual embedded length, but also the stiffness gradient in the fiber–matrix interphase. Using a generalized traction separation law it was shown that interphase damage is probably a process of plastic material deformation. Additionally, the determination of mechanical interphase parameters was achieved through the utilization of supervised machine learning algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112702"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards repairable composites: healing of mode I and mode II delaminations in woven glass fibre and vitrimer matrix laminates","authors":"Alejandro Lopez-Olmedo,&nbsp;Roberto Frassine,&nbsp;Marco L. Longana","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of thermoset matrix composite has led to an increase in hardly manageable composite waste, driving research into alternative material concepts promoting circularity through repairing strategies. In this study, the intrinsic healing of imine-based vitrimer matrix composite after delamination is investigated. Laminates of woven glass reinforced composite were tested in Double Cantilever Beam and Three-Point End-Notched Flexure tests, followed by an ex-situ delamination healing process and retesting. A remarkable recovery of fracture properties was observed: repairing efficiencies of 91 % and 98 % were obtained for mode I and II interlaminar fracture toughness, respectively. Visual inspections confirmed successful healing of damage across all cases. The fracture surface was evaluated for mode I, showing that the crack in the virgin state is a preferred path for the post-healed delamination. Results demonstrate that imine-based vitrimer composites have significant potential of healing delamination cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112738"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape memory urushiol-Fe particle/polyurethane composite material with photothermal response for remote control and sensing","authors":"Weibin Bai ,&nbsp;Jialin Chen ,&nbsp;Xinghang Chen ,&nbsp;Shijing Zheng ,&nbsp;Shuhao Yuan ,&nbsp;Rongkun Jian ,&nbsp;Yucai Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to fast response and precise controllability, photothermal responsive shape memory materials have developed into a promising platform for intelligent sensing systems. In this paper, we have developed a multifunctional composite material by combining molecularly-engineered polyurethane matrix with biomass photothermal nanoparticles. The shape memory polyurethane was synthesized using polytetramethylene 2000 as the soft segment, hexamethylene diisocyanate as the hard segment, and 1,4-butanediol/4,4′-dithiodianiline as chain extenders, achieving an optimized structure with coordinated balance between soft and hard segments. The urushiol-iron polymer encapsulated Fe₃O₄ composite particles (urushiol-Fe particles) prepared through a one-step chelation/oxidation of natural urushiol and green-vitriol, provided outstanding photothermal conversion while maintaining excellent interfacial compatibility. By controlling the nanoparticle content (less than 1 wt%) to optimize interfacial interactions, the composite exhibits enhanced mechanical tensile strength (17.21 MPa), excellent shape memory performance (95.56 % fixation, 97.78 % recovery), and wide-temperature-range shape memory (37–80 °C), along with multifunctionalities including on-demand sterilization (100 % inhibition), rapid photothermal ethanol-assisted self-healing (95.58 % recovery in 30 min), durable light-triggered actuation (1000+ cycles) and precise light triggered shape deformation performance. Furthermore, the designed combination logic device driven by photothermal-environment synergy significantly improved temperature detection accuracy. This study establishes an innovative system for photothermal-responsive intelligent materials while opening new pathways for advanced sensing systems with excellent functionality and reliability. Future research should focus on overcoming thermal inertia-induced response delays and optimizing manufacturing processes to enable real-world applications across diverse fields including smart remote sensing, environmental surveillance, soft robotic systems, and biomedical instrumentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112722"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of crack propagation in an interleaved laminate reinforced by thermoplastic particles","authors":"V. Priasso ,&nbsp;J. Lamon ,&nbsp;C. Ha-Minh ,&nbsp;P. Ladevèze ,&nbsp;C. Petiot","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main interest of interleaved laminates is to reduce sensitivity to delamination during out-of-plane loading. Damage mechanisms such as transverse or micro-delamination cracking during in-plane loading can also be affected by the presence of an interleaf containing particles. The present paper focuses on in-plane loading. The interactions between these cracks and the particles are studied both experimentally and numerically. Tensile tests on double-edge notched specimens were carried out to identify the propagation paths of a transverse crack and a micro-delamination crack within interleaves located between 90 °/90 ° plies and 90 °/0 ° plies. The influence of interleaf particles on transverse and delamination cracking was predicted on appropriate elemental cells. The particles of the interleaf are shown to exert a local influence on the propagation of transverse or micro-delamination cracks. For a transverse crack, the interaction with the particle and the scenarios of blunting and bridging are predicted using strain energy release rate and stress intensity factors. For a micro-delamination crack, the shear modulus of the cell highly decreases with increasing crack length. Stable propagation under tensile loading but unstable propagation under in-plane shear loading is predicted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 112654"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ solidification POSS-crosslinked polymer electrolytes in multiscale nanocellulose membranes for high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries","authors":"Chenxiang Gao ,&nbsp;Xiangpan Hu ,&nbsp;Yun Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are in the spotlight due to their superior safety and enhanced energy density. However, the inferior interface compatibility of electrolyte/electrodes and room temperature ionic conductivity hinder their practical application. Here, we innovatively utilize POSS-crosslinked high-permittivity vinylene carbonate and ionic liquids in multiscale nanocellulose membranes to in-situ solidify polymer electrolytes, achieving ASSLBs with excellent interface compatibility and ionic conductivity. Specifically, multiscale nanocellulose membranes prepared from cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibers serve as support separators, which can effectively absorb polymer precursors and facilitate lithium-ion transport through abundant hydroxyl groups and nanostructures, realizing high ionic conductivity of 1.10 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C. Moreover, the octa-functionalized POSS further enhances the solid-solid interface by forming a highly crosslinked polymer network through in-situ polymerization with active monomers, thereby strengthening the stability of ASSLBs. The above in-situ solidification strategy ultimately achieves robust electrode/electrolyte interfaces and optimizes the long cycle capability of ASSLBs. Li||Li cells can run stably for more than 1200 h at a current density of 0.2 mA cm⁻² without noticeable polarization. Furthermore, Li||LFP cells maintain excellent stability after 800 cycles at 1C with a superior capacity retention of 70 % at 55 °C and exhibit excellent rate performance. This work provides an effective strategy to fabricate high-performance ASSLBs and a new solution for the high-value utilization of naturally renewable cellulose resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112736"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergistic strength-ductility mechanism of the in-situ constructed interfacial/intragranular hierarchical structure in nano particulate reinforced (TiB+La2O3)/Ti composites","authors":"Shaopeng Li ,&nbsp;Shan Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Li ,&nbsp;Gaoming Zhu ,&nbsp;Jianwen Le ,&nbsp;Yuyang Liu ,&nbsp;Zichao Wei ,&nbsp;Guangfa Huang ,&nbsp;Zoltan Hegedüs ,&nbsp;Ulrich Lienert ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Sui ,&nbsp;Yuanfei Han ,&nbsp;Weijie Lu ,&nbsp;Di Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strength-ductility trade-off has hindered the widespread application of powder metallurgy (PM) titanium matrix composites (TMCs). In-situ planting nano-particles as ultra-fine networks into the TMCs powder and constructing the interfacial/intragranular hierarchical microstructure have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off. In the present work, we precisely controlled the distribution of the network nano-particles by adjusting the sintering temperatures and successfully transformed the ultrafine network into the interfacial/intragranular structure. The well-designed (TiB + La₂O₃)/IMI834 TMCs demonstrated exceptional mechanical properties, achieving a tensile strength of 1158 MPa while maintaining an elongation exceeding 8.6 %—performance comparable to wrought TMCs without requiring thermo-mechanical processing. The dislocation evolution and the slip activation behavior were investigated by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments and interrupted in-situ SEM-EBSD observations, which provided new insights into the strength-ductility synergy mechanism of the interfacial/intragranular nano-particles. These studies revealed that the hierarchical structure enhanced the dislocation storage capacity while simultaneously promoting &lt;c+a&gt; slip activation. This dual effect facilitated multi-system sliding, which effectively optimized dislocation distribution and reduced stress concentration. This study visually elucidates the synergistic strength-ductility mechanism of the interfacial/intragranular hierarchical structure and establishes a straightforward and reliable approach for manufacturing high-performance PM TMCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112737"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional polypyrrole-based flexible composite materials for next-generation smart Material: Integrated piezoresistive sensing, energy storage, electrothermal heating, and UV protection","authors":"Xinyu Jiao ,&nbsp;Yuanjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous advancement of IoT and AI technologies, smart textiles are widely used in healthcare, sports, and defense. In particular, the aging society has significantly increased the demand for intelligent wheelchairs. However, traditional wheelchair cushions with single functions can no longer meet the modern need for intelligence. To address this, this study uses in situ polymerization to combine the conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPY) with pre-oxidized PAN fiber felt (PPFF) to create a multifunctional flexible composite material (PPY/PPFF) with excellent aging resistance. The material has a low resistivity of 24.55 kΩ·cm, high sensitivity (S₁ = 14.90 kPa⁻¹), and good linear response across different pressure ranges (R² &gt; 0.97). It shows excellent electrochemical performance, with a CV curve exhibiting a closed-leaf shape and specific capacitance of 0.814 F·g⁻¹ (at a scan rate of 10 mV·s⁻¹). The material also exhibits excellent electrothermal performance, reaching temperatures of 54.38 °C at 6 V and 90.85 °C at 9 V. In terms of UV protection, it has a UPF value of 328. Furthermore, its hydrophilicity is good, with water droplets being absorbed within 0.1 s, and this only slightly increases to 0.2 s after aging. In conclusion, the PPY/PPFF composite integrates multiple smart functions and maintains stable performance even after aging, providing reliable technical support and material assurance for smart textile applications in fields such as healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112726"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the thermal expansion of carbon fibres in CFRP at low temperatures using X-ray diffraction","authors":"Jiraphant Srisuriyachot ,&nbsp;Wadwan Singhapong ,&nbsp;Paloma Rodriguez Santana ,&nbsp;Carl M. Sangan ,&nbsp;Chris Bowen ,&nbsp;Igor P. Dolbnya ,&nbsp;Richard Butler ,&nbsp;Alexander J.G. Lunt","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first demonstration of the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) to quantify the radial or transverse deformation in Hexcel IM7 PolyAcryloNitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibres at temperatures as low as 200<!--> <!-->K (-70<!--> <!-->°C). The Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) is a critical design parameter that needs to be precisely quantified for the next generation of carbon fibre-based Liquid Hydrogen (<span><math><msub><mrow><mtext>LH</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) storage tanks for net-zero aviation. This variable quantitatively describes the thermal mismatch between the fibre and the resin that is the driver for microcracking and tank leakage. However, quantification of the CTE of the fibres is experimentally challenging. The results provide unique insights, indicating that the microscopic transverse CTE of the fibre (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>22</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) is equal to 26.2 × 10^-6 <!-->K^-1 and is governed by van der Waals forces, similar to those in the basal c-axis (out-of-plane) direction of graphite and the radial direction of multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Taking into account the microcrack-induced relaxation effect reported in polycrystalline graphite, the macroscopic fibre transverse CTE was determined to be 7.86 × 10^-6 <!-->K^-1. XRD data were also collected on Hexcel IM7/8552 Uni-directional (UD) and Quasi-isotropic (QI) composite laminates to investigate the influence of the interaction of the resin matrix with the fibre lattice and the stacking sequence on the development of thermal fibre lattice strain. In the UD laminate, the presence of resin induces an additional transverse strain in the fibres as a result of resin contraction during cooling, leading to the development of a compressive strain in the fibre direction. This behaviour was found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations, with a 13<!--> <!-->% error at the lowest measured temperature. In contrast, the fibres in the QI configuration were reinforced in the transverse direction, effectively mitigating the influence of resin contraction. These CTE values, insights, and resulting models are essential for multi-scale modelling, design and certification of carbon fibre composite <span><math><msub><mrow><mtext>LH</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> tanks that are required to achieve net-zero aviation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 112697"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}