Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Web-crippling behavior of pultruded GFRP I-section beams under one-flange loading: Computational modelling and parametric study","authors":"Yu-Yi Ye ,&nbsp;José Gonilha ,&nbsp;Nuno Silvestre ,&nbsp;João R. Correia","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops and validates a computational model to investigate the web-crippling behavior of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) I-section beams under end-one-flange (EOF) and interior-one-flange (IOF) loading conditions. First, the geometry and material properties of the specimens are briefly introduced, followed by a detailed description of the shell finite element-based model. The model is then validated against recent test data, showing good agreement with experimental failure modes, load-deflection responses and strain distributions, thereby demonstrating its accuracy and reliability. Finally, the validated model is used to systematically explore the influence of some key parameters that have not been thoroughly studied or have never been examined, namely the threshold distance between loaded and support sections (<em>D</em>), web slenderness (<em>H</em>/<em>t</em>), flange restraint, and bearing plate material. The study of these parameters aims to provide valuable insights for future design and engineering applications. The results indicate that web slenderness, flange restraint and FRP plate thickness have a significant impact on resistance and failure patterns; in particular, flange restraint increases load capacity by up to approximately 42 % under EOF and 24 % under IOF conditions, depending on the bearing length. In addition, a more appropriate parameter for defining the threshold distance was found to be the web slenderness ratio (<em>H</em>/<em>t</em>). For the geometries of GFRP profiles currently available on the market (with web slenderness, <em>H</em>/<em>t</em> = 152 mm/6.3 mm ≈ 24.1), it is recommended that no threshold distance be defined, at least in the case of internal flange loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112915"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat transfer mechanism and ablation morphology of C/SiC processing based on laser path trajectory optimisation","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Jinghan Liu ,&nbsp;Kang Lei ,&nbsp;Yunfei Luo ,&nbsp;Yapeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high hardness and brittleness of C/SiC composite materials, which are a central structural material in the new generation of aerospace and new energy fields, present significant challenges to precision processing. The non-contact energy input characteristics of laser processing have made it a research hotspot. This research concentrates on the impact of anisotropic heat transfer in carbon fibers on the quality of processing. It also suggests a collaborative optimization strategy for laser loading direction and path, which provides theoretical support for high-integrity processing. A non-homogeneous anisotropic finite element model was developed. A method of path optimization that employs the intermittent path loading mode to mitigate the thermal accumulation effect was proposed. The heat transmission mechanisms of the morphological differences under various path loading modes at multiple included angles were investigated. The results of the simulation and experimental comparative analysis indicate that the processed micro-grooves are narrower and deeper when the laser scanning direction is parallel to the fiber direction. The optimized path loading method can effectively mitigate thermal damage and processing taper, thereby attaining the objective of low-damage processing and high-quality processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112905"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine functionalized BNNS/PAN core-shell nanofiber membrane with high thermal conductivity and excellent dielectric properties","authors":"Shicheng Miao,&nbsp;Xiang Wang,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Dong,&nbsp;Yiran Xiang,&nbsp;Lige Wang,&nbsp;Zinuo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the power density of miniaturized electronic devices continues to increase, the development of multifunctional thermal management composites that combine excellent thermal conductivity with low dielectric loss has emerged as a critical challenge in addressing the heat dissipation limitations. However, uneven filler dispersion and interfacial phonon scattering and polarization loss in conventional composites severely limit the synergistic optimization of comprehensive performance. In this work, core-shell structured polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with dopamine-modified boron nitride nanosheets (PBN) interconnected to form a thermally conductive network were innovatively constructed by coaxial electrospinning and hot-pressing process design strategies, the final in-plane orientation is achieved through the process of hot-pressing. The incorporation of 10 wt% PBN loading resulted in a substantial enhancement in thermal conductivity. The in-plane thermal conductivity of the composite was enhanced to 6.99 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, representing an increase of 1377.7 % over neat PAN, and the out-of-plane thermal conductivity was as high as 0.387 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, an increase of 674 % over the neat PAN film. Excellent electrical insulation (volume resistivity = 6.04 × 10¹⁴ Ω·cm) with low dielectric properties (ε = 1.89 at 1 kHz, tanδ = 0.012) is maintained at the same time. The material demonstrates considerable potential for application in scenarios such as chip heat dissipation and flexible printed circuit boards, thereby providing innovative solutions for the thermal design of next generation, highly reliable electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112909"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From micro to macro: The importance of dimensionality in stabilizing phase change materials based polymer composites","authors":"Sumit Kumar,&nbsp;Chandrani Sarkar,&nbsp;Sampa Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review emphasizes on the transformative potential of polymer-supported phase change materials (PCMs) for advancing thermal management technologies and energy storage. We focus on critical role of polymers in stabilizing PCMs across a variety of dimensional morphologies, ranging from zero-dimensional (0D) as microspheres and microcapsules to one-dimensional (1D) as fibers, two-dimensional (2D) as sheets and films, and three-dimensional (3D) as aerogels and foams. Polymers provide structural matrices and dimensional stability by essential physical confinement and chemical stabilization of PCMs, which address common challenges associated with use of bare PCMs, such as supercooling, leakage, phase separation and low thermal conductivity. In particular, we explore how polymeric matrices, and their various shapes influence the thermal properties of PCM such as, energy storage capacity, thermal reliability and long-term stability. Incorporation of polymers in these diverse dimensions not only improves thermal conductivity and reversibility but also mitigates risks of leakage and material degradation, which are prevalent in conventional PCM systems. These stabilizing effects are critical in enabling the use of PCMs in wide applications range, from construction materials to wearable textiles and food packaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112914"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison study of ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete (UHPGC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC): mechanical properties, durability and carbon emissions","authors":"Dongyu Wang ,&nbsp;Zuhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Shi ,&nbsp;Yanru Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Ren ,&nbsp;Chaolie Ning ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengwu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In pursuing offshore clean energy, marine infrastructure demands ultra-durable building materials to withstand structural degradation in harsh environment. This study comparatively evaluates the long-term properties of ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete (UHPGC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) materials, provides essential insights to durable, cost-effective and low-carbon solutions. UHPGC was prepared with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), fly ash (FA), and silica fume (SF), with GGBFS serving as complete replacements for ordinary Portland cement, while maintaining identical water-to-binder (w/b) ratios to UHPC. Their mechanical strength, carbonation and chloride resistance, as well as CO₂ emissions and production cost were investigated. Compared to UHPC, UHPGC exhibits a 25.7–61.6 % increase in compressive strength at 28–84 days, along with reductions of 21.8–44.8 % in chloride penetration depth, 64.7–86.0 % in strength-normalized CO₂ emissions, and 16.9–33.0 % in strength-normalized cost. While UHPGC has higher carbonation sensitivity, it exhibits improved carbonation resistance with CSF introduction and sufficient load-bearing capacity after accelerated carbonation with 13.4–32.2 % higher compressive than UHPC. This study is conducive to advancing the understanding of time-dependent behaviors in UHPGC vs. UHPC, paving the way for next-generation structural materials for marine engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112903"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and analysis of a new combined path filament wound composite pressure vessel","authors":"Yutao Wang ,&nbsp;Haojie Xu ,&nbsp;Zhiheng Wang ,&nbsp;Kangmei Li ,&nbsp;Jun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The multi-degree-of-freedom non-geodesic winding mode is essential for improving the structural performance of products. However, its single mode design factor limits the path design space. Therefore, a new design method for composite pressure vessels with combined path filament winding has been proposed. First, based on differential theory and the winding principle, the filament winding path is designed using the existing non-geodesic winding mode, combined with stable winding and bandwidth as constraints. Second, the layup of the cylindrical section was designed based on the netting theory, and the cubic spline function was used to accurately predict the dome thickness. Then, MATLAB and ABAQUS were applied to verify the path simulation and analyze the mechanical properties, respectively. Finally, with a Type III pressure vessel as the test object, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the manufacturing process parameters. Based on the optimal parameters, composite pressure vessel specimens were fabricated using a winding machine and subjected to hydrostatic bursting tests. Results show that the method verifies the feasibility of the combined fiber path winding mode. The actual burst pressure test results satisfy the design requirements and are compared with the finite element calculation results with an error of 4.53 %. This study introduces a novel idea for fiber path design of composite pressure vessels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112907"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of material Synergy: Influence of 3D printing parameters on the lateral crash performance of cellular structures stuffed in aluminum tubes","authors":"Marwa A. Abd El-baky ,&nbsp;Mahmoud F. Abd El-Halim ,&nbsp;Mahmoud M. Awd Allah","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybridization between metals and thermoplastics allows manufacturers to create lightweight structures without compromising strength or performance. This innovative approach often leads to enhanced energy absorption capabilities, as the metals contribute ductility and toughness, which are critical for handling crash forces. Simultaneously, thermoplastics provide flexibility and ease of manufacturing, enabling complex shapes and designs to be produced more efficiently. In this context, this research aims to investigate the crashworthiness performance of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) structures integrated within circular aluminum (Al) tubes. Special emphasis is placed on examining the influence of 3D printing parameters under quasi-static lateral loading conditions. To achieve this, three key printing parameters were each evaluated at four distinct levels: the infill pattern (gyroid, honeycomb, Schwarz P, and Schwarz D), infill density (5, 10, 20, and 30 %), and layer height (0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 mm). Throughout this process, the data were systematically collected on the crash force, energy absorption, and displacement responses. Moreover, failure histories were recorded for each tube, offering insights into the structural failure progression and characteristics. The assessment of the crashworthiness performance was based on several critical metrics: total energy absorbed (U), specific energy absorption (SEA), and average crash force (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>F</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>). To identify the optimal configurations that enhance performance, a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach called complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) was applied. The analysis indicated that a honeycomb pattern structure with 30 % infill density and a layer height of 0.20 mm, stuffed within an Al tube (referred to as Al/H30/0.20), provided optimum crashworthiness performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112902"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous multi-scale ceramic aerogel with infrared/radar compatible stealth capability at high temperatures","authors":"Yuanjia Xia ,&nbsp;Zichun Yang ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhao ,&nbsp;Haifei Lu ,&nbsp;Shuo Deng ,&nbsp;Lijie Li ,&nbsp;Guobing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel high-temperature structural stealth materials are the current focus area of stealth material research. However, their development is limited by the key problems of structural failure, mechanical property degradation and multiband stealth performance mismatch of traditional materials under thermal-force coupling. In this work, a multiscale heterostructure material, layered hollow fiber skeleton based SiC@SiO₂ nanowire aerogel (LHSNA), is successfully prepared through multiscale heterostructure design, which achieves the synergistic optimization of mechanical-thermal-electromagnetic properties. The unique layered hollow fiber framework combined with the micro-nano aerogel network interwoven with SiC@SiO₂ nanowires enables LHSNA to maintain an ultra-low density (17.92 mg/cm³) while significantly enhancing mechanical strength and effectively resisting thermal stress deformation. The SiC@SiO₂ core-shell structure provides excellent high-temperature stability, preserving structural integrity and functionality at 1200 °C. Furthermore, the interface effect and its microstructure enhance the polarization effect and conductance loss, enabling it to achieve a wide microwave absorption bandwidth of 5.46 GHz and a strong reflection loss of −67.62 dB at room temperature with a thin matching thickness (&lt;2 mm). At 800 °C with only 2.5 mm thickness, it maintains an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.2 GHz in the X-band. Due to the multi-scale heterostructure design and the unique phonon/electron co-regulation mechanism of the SiC@SiO₂ interface, LHSNA effectively supposes infrared radiation at 1100 °C and achieves a thermal gradient greater than 1000 °C, demonstrating excellent infrared stealth performance. This work provides a new idea for the multi-scale design of stealth materials under high-temperature multi-physics field coupling conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112901"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly-sensitive carbon/polymer nanocomposite for wireless multi-directional strain sensing","authors":"Dhivakar Rajendran ,&nbsp;Amoog Lakshmanan ,&nbsp;Christoph Tegenkamp ,&nbsp;Olfa Kanoun","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in flexible sensors can revolutionize structural health monitoring (SHM) through wireless antenna-based sensing. Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) serve as effective wireless sensors by detecting strain-induced changes in dimensions and material properties that shift resonant frequency. Carbon-based nanocomposites are promising for flexible strain sensors because they offer high conductivity, flexibility, and sensitivity, making them a suitable candidate for a flexible antenna strain sensor. However, uniformly dispersing carbonaceous nanofillers in polymer matrices remains difficult, leading to inconsistent conductivity and limiting the sensitivity and repeatability of flexible antenna strain sensors. This article explores the design, fabrication, and characterization of novel patch antennas using MWCNT/r-GO/PEDOT: PSS-based nanocomposites, enabling a highly sensitive wireless strain sensor. Morphological and compositional analyses using SEM, FTIR, and Raman confirm the homogeneous and efficient integration of MWCNTs and GO in PEDOT:PSS. A 5.8 GHz nanocomposite-based rectangular patch antenna was designed in COMSOL and fabricated on a <span><math><mrow><mn>530</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> FR4 substrate with <span><math><mrow><mn>15</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> copper ground. Using a cantilever beam, strain (0–6) × 10<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow></math></span> is induced towards the length and width direction of the antenna, where MPA with carbonaceous nanocomposite as the patch layer materials, shows a frequency shift of −14.48 kHz/<span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow></math></span> in the width direction and 6.42 kHz/<span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow></math></span> in the length direction, which is three times more than the copper based patch antennas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112876"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon fiber reinforced composite bio-inspired auxetic honeycomb with high-curvature compliance","authors":"Ying Gao ,&nbsp;Yuqin Xiao ,&nbsp;Yuntong Du ,&nbsp;Jiale Sun ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiazhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) composite honeycombs suffer from limited deformability and intrinsic saddle-shaped bending behavior, severely hindering their applicability in complex shell architectures. To overcome these limitations, this work proposes a bio-inspired honeycomb engineered for dual-function performance: exceptional stretchability coupled with tunable auxetic effect. This design synergistically achieves ultrahigh curvature compliance and programmable bending kinematics for CFRP-based systems. The in-plane tensile behaviors of the proposed structure along the principle and off-axes are systematically investigated through an integrated theoretical, numerical, and experimental analyses. Two theoretical frameworks are developed to predict the structural homogenized elastic properties and nonlinear mechanical responses beyond the elastic regime. To validate this design, a hot-press molding process is implemented to fabricate the CFRP composite bio-inspired auxetic honeycomb. Our experimental results revealed a close correlation with theoretical and numerical predictions. Comparative evaluations against conventional CFRP-based honeycombs demonstrate a marked 2.4–5.7-fold enhancement in stretchability and 2.5–8.7-fold reduction in specific stiffness. Due to its exceptional reversible deformability, the proposed CFRP composite honeycombs achieve high-curvature compliance comparable to aluminum alloy counterparts. This breakthrough establishes a transformative paradigm for lightweight engineering, especially for sandwich shell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 112900"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}