Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced interleukin-6 in human adipose tissue vein after sprint exercise: Results from a pilot study","authors":"Mona Esbjörnsson,&nbsp;Barbara Norman,&nbsp;Moa Persson,&nbsp;Amarjit Saini,&nbsp;Jens Bülow,&nbsp;Eva Jansson","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12863","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12863","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low-volume sprint exercise is likely to reduce body fat. Interleukin (IL-6) may mediate this by increasing adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis. Therefore, the exchange of AT IL-6 and glycerol, a marker of lipolysis, was examined in 10 healthy subjects performing three 30-s all-out sprints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood samples were obtained from brachial artery (a) and a superficial subcutaneous vein (v) on the anterior abdominal wall up to 9 min after the last sprint and analysed for IL-6 and glycerol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arterial IL-6 increased 2-fold from rest to last sprint. AT venous IL-6 increased 15-fold from 0.4 ± 0.4 at rest to 7.0 ± 4 pg × mL⁻¹ (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and AT v–a difference increased 45-fold from 0.12 ± 0.3 to 6.0 ± 5 pg x mL⁻¹ (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) 9 min after last sprint. Arterial glycerol increased 2.5-fold from rest to 9 min postsprint 1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and was maintained during the exercise period. AT venous and v–a difference of glycerol increased 2-fold from rest to 9 min postsprint 1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 and <i>p</i> = 0.01, respectively), decreased until 18 min postsprint 2 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and then increased again until 9 min after last sprint (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The concurrent increase in venous IL-6 and glycerol in AT after last sprint is consistent with an IL-6 induced lipolysis in AT. Glycerol data also indicated an initial increase in lipolysis after sprint 1 that was unrelated to IL-6. Increased IL-6 in adipose tissue may, therefore, complement other sprint exercise-induced lipolytic agents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different time framings, reconstruction algorithms and post-processing methods on the quantification of myocardial blood flow from 13N-NH3 PET images","authors":"Shahnaz Akil,&nbsp;Anna E. Székely,&nbsp;Fredrik Hedeer,&nbsp;Berit Olsson,&nbsp;Henrik Engblom,&nbsp;Cecilia Hindorf","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12861","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12861","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to investigate to what extent the quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) from dynamic ¹³N-NH₃ positron emission tomography (PET) images is affected by time frame schemes, time-of-flight (ToF), reconstruction algorithms, blood pool volume of interest (VOI) locations and compartment models in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A standard MBF value was determined from 25 patients' rest/stress ¹³N-NH₃ PET/CT images reconstructed with ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), 5 s time frame for the first frames without ToF, subsequently analyzed using a basal VOI and the deGrado compartment model. MBFs calculated using 2 or 10 s for the first frames, ToF, block-sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM), apical or large VOI, Hutchins or Krivokapich compartment models were compared to MBF_standard in Bland–Altman plots (bias ± SD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Good agreement in global rest/stress MBF (mL/min/g) was found when changing the time frame scheme or reconstruction algorithm (MBF_standard vs. MBF_2s: −0.02 ± 0.06; MBF_10s: 0.01 ± 0.07; MBF_BSREM: 0.01 ± 0.07), while a lower level of agreement was found when altering the other factors (MBF_standard vs. MBF_ToF: −0.07 ± 0.10; MBF_{apical VOI}: −0.27 ± 0.25; MBF_{large VOI}: −0.11 ± 0.10; MBF_Hutchins: −0.08 ± 0.10; MBF_Krivokapich: −0.47 ± 0.50).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantification of MBF from ¹³N-NH₃ PET images is more affected by choice of compartment models, ToF and blood pool VOIs than by different time frame schemes and reconstruction algorithms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"154-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50160970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of regular cold exposure on electrical skin resistance in patients with joint degenerative diseases","authors":"Marcin Machnia,&nbsp;Wafa Douzi,&nbsp;Hela Jdidi,&nbsp;Elzbieta Miller,&nbsp;Benoit Dugué","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12862","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12862","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Common features in chronic inflammatory disease patients (CIDP) are inflammation, mental stress (MS), and autonomic nervous system imbalance. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) exposure and regular physical exercise are known to regulate these features. In this study, we assessed the impact of regular physical exercise and the use of WBC exposure in CIDP on the level of electrical skin resistance (SR) to evaluate the skin sympathetic nervous activity and and estimate MS levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SR was evaluated before and after a 10-day-period of daily physical exercise preceded or not by WBC <i>(3 min at −110°C)</i> in two groups of 134 CIDP <i>(WBC vs. non-WBC groups)</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, the number of severe MS patients was similar in both groups. However, after the training period, the number of severe MS patients significantly decreased in the WBC group, only. An increase in SR (a decrease in stress level) was noted in the WBC group only, and such increase was higher in men than in women and in patients younger than 60 versus patients older than 60 years old.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of daily WBC combined with physical exercise induced physiological adaptations and lowered the sympathetic nervous activity that may reflect a reduced level of MS in CIDP. These adaptations seem to depend on gender and age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"164-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tilt table testing, methodology and practical insights for the clinic","authors":"Steven van Zanten,&nbsp;Richard Sutton,&nbsp;Viktor Hamrefors,&nbsp;Artur Fedorowski,&nbsp;Frederik J. de Lange","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12859","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12859","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tilt table testing (TTT) has been used for decades to study short-term blood pressure (BP) and heart rate regulation during orthostatic challenges. TTT provokes vasovagal reflex in many syncope patients as a background of widespread use. Despite the availability of evidence-based practice syncope guidelines, proper application and interpretation of TTT in the day-to-day care of syncope patients remain challenging. In this review, we offer practical information on what is needed to perform TTT, how results should be interpreted including the Vasovagal Syncope International Study classification, why syncope induction on TTT is necessary in patients with unexplained syncope and on indications for TTT in syncope patient care. The minimum requirements to perform TTT are a tilt table with an appropriate tilt-down time, a continuous beat-to-beat BP monitor with at least three electrocardiogram leads and trained staff. We emphasize that TTT remains a valuable asset that adds to history building but cannot replace it, and highlight the importance of recognition when TTT is abnormal even without syncope. Acknowledgement by the patient/eyewitness of the reproducibility of the induced attack is mandatory in concluding a diagnosis. TTT may be indicated when the initial syncope evaluation does not yield a certain, highly likely, or possible diagnosis, but raises clinical suspicion of (1) reflex syncope, (2) orthostatic hypotension (OH), (3) postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome or (4) psychogenic pseudosyncope. A therapeutic indication for TTT in the patient with a certain, highly likely or possible diagnosis of reflex syncope, may be to educate patients on prodromes. In patients with reflex syncope with OH TTT can be therapeutic to recognize hypotensive symptoms causing near-syncope to perform physical countermanoeuvres for syncope prevention (biofeedback). Detection of hypotensive susceptibility requiring therapy is of special value.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"119-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors","authors":"Katarina Heimburg,&nbsp;Gisela Lilja,&nbsp;Erik Blennow Nordström,&nbsp;Hans Friberg,&nbsp;Lisa Gregersen Oestergaard,&nbsp;Anders M. Grejs,&nbsp;Thomas R. Keeble,&nbsp;Marco Mion,&nbsp;Niklas Nielsen,&nbsp;Christian Rylander,&nbsp;Magnus Segerström,&nbsp;Ida Katrine Thomsen,&nbsp;Susann Ullén,&nbsp;Johan Undén,&nbsp;Matthew P. Wise,&nbsp;Tobias Cronberg,&nbsp;Åsa B. Tornberg","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12860","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12860","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low level of physical activity is a risk factor for new cardiac events in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors. Physical activity can be assessed by self-reporting or objectively by accelerometery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity among OHCA survivors</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-reported levels of physical activity will show moderate agreement with objectively assessed levels of physical activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study including OHCA survivors in Sweden, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Two questions about moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity during the last week were used as self-reports. Moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity were objectively assessed with accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X-BT) worn upon the right hip for 7 consecutive days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-nine of 106 OHCA survivors answered the two questions for self-reporting and had 7 valid days of accelerometer assessment. More physically active days were registered by self-report compared with accelerometery for both moderate intensity (median 5 [3:7] vs. 3 [0:5] days; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and vigorous intensity (1 [0:3] vs. 0 [0:0] days; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer assessed physical activity were sufficient (moderate intensity: <i>r</i>_s = 0.336, <i>p</i> = 0.018; vigorous intensity: <i>r</i>_s = 0.375, <i>p</i> = 0.008), and agreements were fair and none to slight (moderate intensity: <i>k</i> = 0.269, <i>p</i> = 0.001; vigorous intensity: <i>k</i> = 0.148, <i>p</i> = 0.015). The categorization of self-reported versus objectively assessed physical activity showed that 26% versus 65% had a low level of physical activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>OHCA survivors reported more physically active days compared with the results of the accelerometer assessment and correlated sufficiently and agreed fairly and none to slightly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41193792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switch to gliflozins and biventricular function improvement in patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes mellitus","authors":"Michele Correale,&nbsp;Pietro Mazzeo,&nbsp;Martino Fortunato,&nbsp;Matteo Paradiso,&nbsp;Andrea Furore,&nbsp;Angela I. Fanizzi,&nbsp;Lucia Tricarico,&nbsp;Giuseppe Pastore,&nbsp;Simona Alfieri,&nbsp;Natale D. Brunetti,&nbsp;Olga Lamacchia","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12857","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce hospitalisation in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The cardioprotective mechanisms of gliflozins however have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on right and left ventricular function in patients with diabetes and HF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-eight patients with diabetes and CHF were enroled in the study and followed up; 38 started treatment with SGLT2i, while the remaining 40 continued their previous antidiabetic therapy. All patients underwent conventional, TDI and strain echocardiography in an ambulatory setting, at the beginning and after 3 months of therapy with SGLT2i.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 3 months of therapy with SGLT2i, echocardiographic parameters assessing both left and right ventricular dimensions and function were found as significantly improved in patients switching to SGLT2i than control group: LVEF (45 ± 9% vs. 40 ± 8%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), LVEDD (54 ± 6.5 vs. 56 ± 6.5 mm, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), GLS (−13 ± 4% vs. −10 ± 3%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), TAPSE (21 ± 3 vs. 19 ± 3 mm, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), RV S' (12.9 ± 2.5 vs 11.0 ± 1.9 cm/sec, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and PAsP (24 ± 8 vs. 31 ± 9 mmHg, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Also mitral (1.0 ± 0.5 vs. 1.3 ± 0.5, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and tricuspid regurgitation (1.0 ± 0.5 vs. 1.3 ± 0.5, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) improved after SGLT2i therapy. Changes were not statistically significant in patients not treated with SGLT2i (p n.s. in all cases).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a real-world scenario, treatment with SGLT2i in patients with CHF and diabetes is associated with an improvement in both left and right ventricular function assessed at echocardiography. These data may explain potential anti-remodelling effects of gliflozins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 1","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41112384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related changes in muscle thickness, echo intensity and shear modulus of the iliocapsularis","authors":"Haruka Sakata,&nbsp;Hiroshige Tateuchi,&nbsp;Masahide Yagi,&nbsp;Kotono Kobayashi,&nbsp;Noriaki Ichihashi","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12858","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12858","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to clarify age-related changes in the iliocapsularis (IC) using indicators of quantity, quality, and mechanical properties. We also compared the age-related changes in the IC and other hip muscles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-seven healthy women (ages: 21–82 years, mean age: 45.9 ± 15.7 years) participated in the experiment. We measured thickness, echo intensity, and shear modulus of the IC, iliacus muscle, rectus femoris, and the thickness and shear modulus of the hip joint capsule. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to measure the association of age with variables measured in the muscles and joint capsule.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thickness of the iliacus muscle and rectus femoris decreased significantly with age, but the thickness of the IC and hip joint capsule showed no significant correlation. The echo intensities of the IC, iliacus muscle, and rectus femoris were positively correlated, which increased with age. Furthermore, the shear modulus of the iliacus, rectus femoris, and hip joint capsule showed an increase with age, whereas the shear modulus of the IC exhibited no correlation with age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The muscle quality of the IC changed significantly, unlike that of the iliacus or rectus femoris. Additionally, the correlation with echo intensity was relatively weaker in the IC compared with the iliacus or rectus femoris.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 2","pages":"136-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41109683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of physical post-exercise recovery techniques on vagally-mediated heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sylvain Laborde,&nbsp;Jannik Wanders,&nbsp;Emma Mosley,&nbsp;Florian Javelle","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12855","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12855","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In sports, physical recovery following exercise-induced fatigue is mediated via the reactivation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). A noninvasive way to quantify the reactivation of the PNS is to assess vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), which can then be used as an index of physical recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of physical recovery techniques following exercise-induced fatigue on vmHRV, specifically via the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Randomized controlled trials from the databases <i>PubMed, WebOfScience</i>, and <i>SportDiscus</i> were included. Twenty-four studies were part of the systematic review and 17 were included in the meta-analysis. Using physical post-exercise recovery techniques displayed a small to moderate positive effect on RMSSD (<i>k</i> = 22, Hedges' <i>g</i> = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20–0.61, <i>p</i> = 0.04) with moderate heterogeneity. In the subgroup analyses, cold water immersion displayed a moderate to large positive effect (<i>g</i> = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.42–1.07) compared with none for other techniques. For exercise type, physical recovery techniques performed after resistance exercise (<i>g</i> = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48–0.89) demonstrated a larger positive effect than after cardiovascular intermittent (<i>g</i> = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.06–0.97), while physical recovery techniques performed after cardiovascular continuous exercise had no effect. No significant subgroup differences for training status and exercise intensity were observed. Overall, physical post-exercise recovery techniques can accelerate PNS reactivation as indexed by vmHRV, but the effectiveness varies with the technique and exercise type.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 1","pages":"14-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of low workload respiratory training with steam inhalation on lung function in stable asthma: A controlled clinical study","authors":"Ilpo Kuronen,&nbsp;Jukka Heinijoki,&nbsp;Anssi Sovijärvi","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12856","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12856","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate effects of low workload respiratory muscle training (RMT) on respiratory muscle power and lung function in asthmatics, we recruited asthmatic persons who performed a 4-week training programme. The training included 20 daily ex- and inhalations with counter pressure 30% from the individual maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). Lung function was measured before and after the training programme and a follow-up period. The study also included several subjective endpoints for respiratory symptoms. A significant increase in a training group (<i>n</i> = 27) compared with a control group (<i>n</i> = 20) was seen in MEP (+12.4%, vs. +3.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.086), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (+21.1% vs. +0.82%, <i>p</i> = 0.023), slow vital capacity (VC) (+3.7% vs. +1.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and in forced expiratory time (FET, +15.5%, vs. −5.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.022). After being a control for group A, also group B performed similar RMT as group A. In the combined group (A and B, <i>n</i> = 47) MEP (11.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.003), MIP (19.73%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), VC (4.1%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and FET (14.7%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) increased significantly from the baseline. Changes in other lung function variables were not indicative. On a scale of 1–5, the subjects perceived improvement in reduction of mucus secretion in the airways (median 3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), alleviation of coughing (median 3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and reduction in dyspnoea (median 3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). As a conclusion, low workload respiratory training of 4 weeks improved respiratory muscle power and increased VC in patients with stable asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 1","pages":"100-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41112383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative myocardial perfusion should be interpreted in the light of sex and comorbidities in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome: A cardiac positron emission tomography study","authors":"Anna Székely,&nbsp;Katarina Steding-Ehrenborg,&nbsp;Daniel Ryd,&nbsp;Fredrik Hedeer,&nbsp;Kristian Valind,&nbsp;Shahnaz Akil,&nbsp;Cecilia Hindorf,&nbsp;Erik Hedström,&nbsp;David Erlinge,&nbsp;Håkan Arheden,&nbsp;Henrik Engblom","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12854","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12854","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diagnosis and treatment of patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) currently relies on the degree of coronary artery stenosis and its significance for myocardial perfusion. However, myocardial perfusion can be affected by factors other than coronary stenosis. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent sex, age, diabetes, hypertension and smoking affect quantitative myocardial perfusion, beyond the degree of coronary artery stenosis, in patients with suspected or established CCS. Eighty-six patients [median age 69 (range 46−86) years, 24 females] planned for elective coronary angiography due to suspected or established CCS were included. All patients underwent cardiac ¹³N-NH₃ positron emission tomography to quantify myocardial perfusion at rest and stress. Lowest myocardial perfusion (perfusion_min) at stress and rest and lowest myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR_min) for all vessel territories was used as dependent variables in a linear mixed model. Independent variables were vessel territory, degree of coronary artery stenosis (as a continuous variable of 0%−100% stenosis), sex, age, diabetes, hypertension and smoking habits. Degree of coronary artery stenosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), male sex (1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.6 mL/min/g, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), increasing age (<i>p</i> = 0.025), diabetes (1.6 ± 0.5 vs. 2.0 ± 0.6 mL/min/g, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and smoking (1.9 ± 0.6 vs. 2.1 ± 0.6 mL/min/g, <i>p</i> = 0.052) were independently associated with myocardial perfusion_min at stress. Degree of coronary artery stenosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), age (<i>p</i> = 0.040), diabetes (1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.7, <i>p</i> = 0.046) and hypertension (2.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.5 ± 0.6, <i>p</i> = 0.033) were independently associated with MPR_min. Sex, increasing age, diabetes, hypertension and smoking affect myocardial perfusion independent of coronary artery stenosis in patients with suspected or established CCS. Thus, these factors need to be considered when assessing the significance of reduced quantitative myocardial perfusion of patients with suspected or established CCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"44 1","pages":"89-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10235112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}