Cognitive Neuroscience最新文献_第9页

It's time to move past biases against sex differences research: Commentary on Spets and Slotnick. 是时候抛弃对性别差异研究的偏见了:评论斯佩茨和斯洛特尼克。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-08 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1867085

Larry Cahill

引用次数: 3

The value of research on sexual dimorphism in neuroimaging. 两性异形研究在神经影像学中的价值。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1867086

Erin McGlade, Jadwiga Rogowska, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd

引用次数: 1

Women versus men: A critical comparison for understanding the neurobiology of memory. 女性与男性:理解记忆神经生物学的关键对比。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1867087

Jennifer T Sneider, Marisa M Silveri

引用次数: 1

Sex differences in the brain: More than just male or female. 大脑中的性别差异:不仅仅是男性或女性。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1867084

Lisa Wiersch, Susanne Weis

引用次数: 4

Are there sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory? A systematic review and fMRI activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. 在长期记忆过程中，大脑活动是否存在性别差异?系统回顾和功能磁共振成像激活可能性估计荟萃分析。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1806810

Dylan S Spets, Scott D Slotnick

{"title":"Are there sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory? A systematic review and fMRI activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis.","authors":"Dylan S Spets, Scott D Slotnick","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2020.1806810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2020.1806810","url":null,"abstract":"The degree to which sex differences exist in the brain is a current topic of debate. In the present discussion paper, we reviewed eight functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) papers to determine whether there are sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory retrieval. The objectives were: 1) to compare the experimental parameters in studies reporting significant versus null long-term memory sex differences, and 2) to identify whether specific brain regions were associated with sex differences during long-term memory. The following experimental parameters were extracted from each paper: the number of participants, the average age of participants, stimulus type(s), whether or not performance was matched, whether or not sex differences were reported, the type of between-subject statistical test used, and the contrast(s) employed. The particular experimental parameters employed in each study did not appear to determine whether sex differences were observed, as there were sex differences in all eight studies. An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was conducted to identify brain regions activated to a greater degree by females than males or males than females. This ALE meta-analysis revealed sex differences (male > female) in the lateral prefrontal cortex, visual processing regions, parahippocampal cortex, and the cerebellum. This constitutes compelling evidence that there are substantial sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory retrieval. More broadly, the present findings question the widespread practice of collapsing across sex in the field of cognitive neuroscience.","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17588928.2020.1806810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38287373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

High confidence spatial long-term memories produce greater cortical activity in males than females. 高自信空间长期记忆在男性中产生的皮层活动比女性大。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1807924

Dylan S Spets, Haley A Fritch, Preston P Thakral, Scott D Slotnick

{"title":"High confidence spatial long-term memories produce greater cortical activity in males than females.","authors":"Dylan S Spets, Haley A Fritch, Preston P Thakral, Scott D Slotnick","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2020.1807924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2020.1807924","url":null,"abstract":"Many functional resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported sex differences during long-term memory. The present fMRI investigation aimed to identify whether sex differences exist during high- versus low-confidence accurate spatial memories. During the study phase, abstract shapes were presented to the left or right of fixation. During the test phase, each shape was presented at fixation and participants made an old-\"left\" or old-\"right\" judgment followed by an \"unsure\" or \"sure\" response. The conjunction of female high- versus low-confidence spatial memory and male high- versus low-confidence spatial memory identified common activity in visual processing regions and parietal cortex, which suggests amplification of activity in some of the regions commonly associated with long-term memory yields high confidence. The contrast of female high- versus low-confidence spatial memory and male high- versus low-confidence spatial memory did not produce any significant activity. However, the reverse contrast produced greater male than female activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and visual processing regions. An independent region-of-interest (ROI) analysis (ROIs were identified by contrasting hits versus misses) produced complementary results in the lateral prefrontal cortex. Greater lateral prefrontal cortex activity suggests a higher degree of subjective confidence in males than females, greater parietal cortex and visual processing activity suggests more vivid visualization in males than females, and greater activity in sensorimotor cortex indicates that males have a more reactive processing style than females. More broadly, the present and previous functional sex differences argue against the practice of collapsing across sex in cognitive neuroscience studies.","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17588928.2020.1807924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38308601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Big data approaches to identifying sex differences in long-term memory. 用大数据方法识别长期记忆的性别差异。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1866520

Link Tejavibulya, Dustin Scheinost

引用次数: 1

Development of sex differences in the human brain. 人脑性别差异的发展。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-09 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1800617

Florian Kurth, Christian Gaser, Eileen Luders

{"title":"Development of sex differences in the human brain.","authors":"Florian Kurth, Christian Gaser, Eileen Luders","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2020.1800617","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17588928.2020.1800617","url":null,"abstract":"Sex differences in brain anatomy have been described from early childhood through late adulthood, but without any clear consensus among studies. Here, we applied a machine learning approach to estimate 'Brain Sex' using a continuous (rather than binary) classifier in 162 boys and 185 girls aged between 5 and 18 years. Changes in the estimated sex differences over time at different age groups were subsequently calculated using a sliding window approach. We hypothesized that males and females would differ in brain structure already during childhood, but that these differences will become even more pronounced with increasing age, particularly during adolescence. Overall, the classifier achieved a good performance, with an accuracy of 80.4% and an AUC of 0.897 across all age groups. Assessing changes in the estimated sex with age revealed a growing difference between the sexes with increasing age. That is, the very large effect size of d = 1.2 which was already evident during childhood increased even further from age 11 onward, and eventually reached an effect size of d = 1.6 at age 17. Altogether these findings suggest a systematic sex difference in brain structure already during childhood, and a subsequent increase of this difference during adolescence.","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8510853/pdf/nihms-1621702.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38455143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reasonable criteria for functionalists; scarce criteria from phenomenological perspective. 功能主义者的合理标准;现象学视角下的稀缺标准。

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1838473

Andrew Haun, Naotsugu Tsuchiya

引用次数: 2

What makes us so certain that we're conscious? 是什么让我们如此肯定我们是有意识的?

IF 2 4区医学

Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-11 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2020.1838468

Michael S A Graziano

引用次数: 1