{"title":"Craving the ROSE and grasping the thorn.","authors":"Juan Uriagereka","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2561597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2561597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grounding the computational principles of language in neurobiology requires cross-modal and cross-linguistic data.","authors":"Patrick C Trettenbrein","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2561581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2561581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murphy's discussion (2025) of his recent ROSE model includes explicit linking hypotheses connecting computational, algorithmic, and implementational levels in the study of language and its neurobiological basis. Here, I argue that establishing the neural basis of the abstract principles underlying natural language syntax will require new data from sign languages, tactile sign languages, as well as typologically diverse spoken languages. The assumption of modality-independent processes for structure building lies at the heart of ROSE, but the proposed correlates for hierarchical and sequential operations must be subjected to empirical test across languages and modalities in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomous semantics and syntax on-demand in neurocomputational models of language.","authors":"Giosuè Baggio","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2561588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2561588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ROSE is a rare example of a neurocomputational model of language that attempts, and partly manages, to align a formal theory of syntax and parsing with an oscillations-based 'neural code' that could implement the required operations. ROSE successfully reconciles hierarchical and predictive syntactic processing, but I argue that models of language in the brain should make room for the possibility that meaning may also be derived in the absence of any syntactic computation, be it hierarchical or predictive.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How the brain recycled memory circuits for language: An evolutionary perspective on the ROSE model.","authors":"Edward Ruoyang Shi","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2561587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2561587","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Brendan Ritchie, Susan G Wardle, Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam, Dwight J Kravitz, Chris I Baker
{"title":"Rethinking category-selectivity in human visual cortex.","authors":"J Brendan Ritchie, Susan G Wardle, Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam, Dwight J Kravitz, Chris I Baker","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2543890","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2543890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wealth of studies report evidence that occipitotemporal cortex tessellates into 'category-selective' brain regions that are apparently specialized for representing ecologically important visual stimuli like faces, bodies, scenes, and tools. Here, we argue that while valuable insights have been gained through the lens of category-selectivity, a more complete view of visual function in occipitotemporal cortex requires centering the behavioral relevance of visual properties in real-world environments rather than stimulus category. Focusing on behavioral relevance challenges a simple mapping between stimulus and visual function in occipitotemporal cortex because the environmental properties relevant to a behavior are visually diverse and how a given property is represented is modulated by our goals. Grounding our thinking in behavioral relevance rather than category-selectivity raises a host of theoretical and empirical issues that we discuss while providing proposals for how existing tools can be harnessed in this light to better understand visual function in occipitotemporal cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12458057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovanni Federico, François Osiurak, Maria A Brandimonte, Paola Marangolo, Ciro Rosario Ilardi
{"title":"An integrated account for technological cognition.","authors":"Giovanni Federico, François Osiurak, Maria A Brandimonte, Paola Marangolo, Ciro Rosario Ilardi","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2542195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2542195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how the human brain generates, utilizes, and adapts to technology is one of our most urgent scientific questions today. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience reveal a complex neurocognitive structure that underpins human interaction with technology. Here, we propose an integrated framework that considers the interplay of causal reasoning, semantic cognition, visuospatial skills, sensorimotor knowledge, and social learning in shaping our technological abilities. Drawing on neuroimaging, lesion studies, and evolutionary evidence, we identify key brain regions that act as specialized <i>processors</i> and integrative <i>hubs</i> within a distributed network supporting 'technological cognition.' We argue that different categories of technologies - mechanical versus digital - activate separate neural subsystems, reflecting their diverse cognitive demands. Ultimately, we situate technological cognition within the broader concepts of <i>embodied cognition</i> and <i>extended mind</i> theories, suggesting that technology can expand human mental capacities and actively influence the structure and functioning of the mind itself. This framework advocates for an interdisciplinary approach to deepen our understanding of how technology influences and integrates with human cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closing the box.","authors":"Thomas Parr, Giovanni Pezzulo, Karl Friston","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2537960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2537960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We were grateful for the level of engagement and insight from the commentaries on our discussion article, and for the opportunity to pick up on some of the common themes in what follows. Several commentaries focused upon the degeneracy in the relationship in how an internal model - of the sort that might be used either by an AI system or by our brains - might be formulated and the way in which this degeneracy might be resolved. Further themes were the role of model width as opposed to depth, the phenomenology of non-Markovian time, and a useful reminder that linguistic communication is necessarily a multi-agent, collective, endeavor.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dissociating model architectures from inference computations.","authors":"Noor Sajid, Johan Medrano","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2532604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2532604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parr et al., 2025 examines how auto-regressive and deep temporal models differ in their treatment of non-Markovian sequence modelling. Building on this, we highlight the need for dissociating model architectures-i.e., how the predictive distribution factorises-from the computations invoked at inference. We demonstrate that deep temporal computations are mimicked by autoregressive models by structuring context access during iterative inference. Using a transformer trained on next-token prediction, we show that inducing hierarchical temporal factorisation during iterative inference maintains predictive capacity while instantiating fewer computations. This emphasises that processes for constructing and refining predictions are not necessarily bound to their underlying model architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROSE: A Universal Neural Grammar.","authors":"Elliot Murphy","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2523875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2523875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Processing natural language syntax requires a negotiation between symbolic and subsymbolic representations. Building on the recent representation, operation, structure, encoding (ROSE) neurocomputational architecture for syntax that scales from single units to inter-areal dynamics, I discuss the prospects of reconciling the neural code for hierarchical syntax with predictive processes. Here, the higher levels of ROSE provide instructions for symbolic phrase structure representations (S/E), while the lower levels provide probabilistic aspects of linguistic processing (R/O), with different types of cross-frequency coupling being hypothesized to interface these domains. I argue that ROSE provides a possible infrastructure for flexibly implementing distinct types of minimalist grammar parsers for the real-time processing of language. This perspective helps furnish a more restrictive 'core language network' in the brain than contemporary approaches that isolate general sentence composition. I define the language network as being critically involved in executing specific parsing operations (i.e. establishing phrasal categories, tree-structure depth, resolving dependencies, and retrieving proprietary lexical representations), capturing these network-defining operations jointly with probabilistic aspects of parsing. ROSE offers a 'mesoscopic protectorate' for natural language; an intermediate level of emergent organizational complexity that demands multi-scale modeling. By drawing principled relations across computational, algorithmic and implementational Marrian levels, ROSE offers new constraints on what a unified neurocomputational settlement for natural language syntax might look like, providing a tentative scaffold for a 'Universal Neural Grammar' - a species-specific format for neurally organizing the construction of compositional syntactic structures, which matures in accordance with a genetically determined biological matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embeddings as Dirichlet counts: Attention is the tip of the iceberg.","authors":"Alexander Bernard Kiefer","doi":"10.1080/17588928.2025.2530430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2025.2530430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the overtly discrete nature of language, the use of semantic embedding spaces is pervasive in modern computational linguistics and machine learning for natural language. I argue that this is intelligible if language is viewed as an interface into a general-purpose system of concepts, in which metric spaces capture rich relationships. At the same time, language embeddings can be regarded, at least heuristically, as equivalent to parameters of distributions over word-word relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":10413,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}